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- Thermocouple Reference Tables Based on the IPTS-68
- From Abstract: "Revised reference data for thermocouples have been generated in a cooperative program between groups of the National Bureau of Standards in Boulder and Gaithersburg.This Monograph contains tables, analytic expressions, various approximations, and explanatory text.
- Development of High-Temperature Strain Gages
- From Introduction: "An improved high-temperature gage was needed, and in an attempt to fill this need an investigation was initiated in February 1954 in the Enameled Metals Laboratory at the National Bureau of Standards. The present Monograph constitutes a final summary on this program."
- Calibration Procedures for Direct-Current Resistance Apparatus
- From Object and Scope of This Paper: "This paper describes the apparatus and procedures used at the National Bureau of Standards for the measurement of d-c resistance when an accuracy of a few parts in a million is required. The object will be to explain procedures in detail and as simply as possible, with a minimum reference to theory."
- NBS Papers on Underground Corrosion of Steel Piling, 1962-1971
- From Introduction: "In this paper are presented the results obtained to date from the inspections of steel pilings. The investigation will be continued by additional inspections of pilings in other parts of the country in order to cover a winder range of soil environments."
- Creep and Drying Shrinkage of Lightweight and Normal-Weight Concretes
- From Scope of Investigation: "The work reported here is part of a continuing program concerning the long-term volume changes in concretes made from lightweight and normal-weight aggregates. The creep, drying-shrinkage, and strength data presented are for concretes made with 24 expanded shale lightweight aggregates and 5 natural, normal-weight aggregates. These aggregates were from widely separated geographical locations and were to be representative samples of aggregates being used in the production of structural concretes."
- Properties of High-Temperature Ceramics and Cermets: Elasticity and Density at Room Temperature
- From Introduction: "The present paper contains detailed descriptions of the methods used in calculating both the elastic constants and the statistical parameters. These detailed descriptions have been included for two reasons: (1) To leave no doubt as to the exact procedure, and (2) to act as a guide to other workers who might wish to make similar determinations."
- Mechanical Behavior of Crystalline Solids: Proceedings of a Symposium, April 28-29, 1962
- From Introduction: "These first three chapters from a background of introduction and general ideas about dislocations. The next two chapters are concerned specifically with properties of ceramic materials, with emphasis on single crystals."
- Effects of Thermal Shrinkage on Built-up Roofing
- From Introduction: "The object of this research was to identify and study some of the factors involved in premature failures and to relate the pertinent factors to roof performance."
- Thermocouple Materials
- From Introduction: "The purpose of this paper is to present information on materials that are used from 0 degrees C up in thermocouples intended primarily as immersed temperature sensors, and to give so far as is practical properties of these materials that might affect their use in temperature measurement."
- External Environmental Radiation Measurements in the United States
- Report regarding ion chamber measurements made of the external environmental radiation in various location in the United States during the summer of 1957.
- Conductive Flooring for Hospital Operating Rooms
- Report issued by the Bureau of Standards over studies on the importance of conductive flooring in hospitals. Types of conductive flooring are compared, and tested. The methods and results are presented, and discussed. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.
- Research and Development in the Computer and Information Sciences: [Part] 1. Information Acquistion, Sensing, and Input: A Selective Literature Review
- From Introduction: "This report is the first of a series intended to provide a selective overview of research and development efforts and requirements in the somewhat overlapping fields of the computer and information sciences and technologies. The projected series of reports will attempt to outline the probable range of R & D activities in the computer and information sciences and technologies through selective reviews of the literature and to develop a reasonable consensus with respect to the opinions of workers in these and potentially related fields as to areas of continuing R & D concern for research program planning or review in these areas."
- Aeroradioactivity Survey and Areal Geology of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Area, Tennessee and Kentucky (ARMS-I)
- Report regarding an airborne radioactivity survey that took place over a 10,000 square mile area around the Oak Ridge National Laboratory near Knoxville, Tennesse. Topics include the types of bedrock noted in the area as well as their levels of radioactivity.
- The Radiological Assessment and Recovery of Contaminated Areas
- From Abstract: "The conceptual nature of a radiological defense system and role of decontamination or reclamation in such a system are discussed. Most of the report deals with methods for reducing the observed data to interpretive form because the data were taken with a large contaminated area."
- Fort McClellan Radiological Instruction Area (ARMS-II)
- Report documenting the survey of the U. S. Army Chemical Corps Schoo, Radiological Instruction Area, Fort Mclellan, Alabama. This survey measures radiation an d gamma-ray flux in an approximately one square mile area.
- Distribution of Weapons Radiation in Japanese Residential Structures
- Report wherein the distribution of neutron and gamma radiation in Japanese-style single and group houses are studied to evaluated radiation exposure in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
- Aeroradioactivity Survey and Geology of Puerto Rico (ARMS-I)
- Report containing an aeroradioactivity survey of Puerto Rico made on behalf of the Division of Biology and Medicine, United States Atomic Energy Commission. Topics include the types of bedrock noted in the area as well as their levels of radioactivity.
- Aeroradioactivity Survey and Areal Geology of the Hanford Plant Area, Washington and Oregon (ARMS-I)
- Report regarding an airborne gamma-radioactivity survey that took place over a 9,000 square mile area in south-central Washington and north-central Oregon. Topics include the types of bedrock noted in the area as well as their levels of radioactivity.
- Extended- and Point-Source Radiometric Program
- Report containing information regarding the airborne radiometric equipment intercalibration exercises undertaken by four government agencies and one private companies.
- Experimental Evaluation of the Fallout-Radiation Protection Afforded by a Southwestern Residence
- Report regarding experiments made to determine the fallout-radiation protection offered by a "single-story stucco and frame house with a heavy shake roof and no basement," (p. 5) which is noted as being popular in the southwestern United States.
- Preliminary Design of a Basic Radiation Effects Reactor (BRER)
- From Introduction: "Information has been accumulated about the property changes produced, but there are essentially no reliable quantitative data correlating property changes with the magnitude and energy distribution of the neutron fluxes responsible for the changes. The design of the Basic Radiation Effects Reactor (BRER) presented herein stems from the two main requirements: 1. a fairly high-level, high-energy neutron flux with minimal thermal neutron and gamma-ray background is desired; 2. the peak of the neutron-energy spectrum should be variable within the approximate range from 10 to 1000 kev."
- Recrystallization in Rolled Uranium Sheet
- From Introduction: "To overcome the difficulties another investigation has been carried out wherein the rolling stock was subjected to step reduction and annealing treatments designed to develop a small, uniform grain size prior to the final rolling at room temperature. The results of metallographic, dilatometric, and X-ray diffraction studies of this material are given."
- Optimization of Efficiency of a Cesium Diode Converter
- From Introduction: "The efficiency of the converter is computed with the least possible assumptions. Thermal emissivity and the interelectrode heat-transfer coefficient are varied, and the effect on efficiency is investigated."
- A Report on Some Attempts to Case Centrifugally Fuel Elements of Small Diameter
- From Abstract: "The applicability of the centrifugal casting technique to the production of multiple castings of fuel pins of small diameter and of thin fuel plates was investigated."
- Testing of Containment Capabilities of Reinforced Concrete-Shielded Enclosures
- From Summary: "The strains in the walls and ceiling of Cell No. 5 were recorded with 39 SR-4 strain gages strategically placed on reinforcing steel. Table I summarizes the comparative results without including correction for stress concentrations. The general pattern of cell behavior at 10 psig, as summarized in Table I, is shown in Figs. 10, 11, 12."
- Analytical and Experimental Investigation of a Nuclear Reactor Support Structure
- Report containing experiments regarding the slopes and deflections of different grid support structures for a nuclear reactor.
- Two-Phase Heat Transfer With Gas Injection Through A Porous Boundary Surface
- From Introduction: "The purpose of this study is to investigate some of the hydrodyamic aspects of two-phase heat transfer in the lower quality range. The results of this study should contribute to a better and more thorough understanding of the processes and mechanisms affecting two-phase heat transfer, and in this way help in improving its prediction."
- Application of Electron-Bombardment Heating for Boiling Liquid Metals
- Report discussing the "problem of obtaining a curve of the heat flux vs. temperature difference for boiling liquid metals" (p. 3). Contains discussions of a variety of heating techniques, though it focuses on electron-bombardment heating.
- Aeroradioactivity Survey and Areal Geology of the National Reactor Testing Station Area, Idaho (ARMS-I)
- Report regarding an airborne radioactivity survey that took place in the 10,000 square mile area surrounding the National Reactor Testing Station in Idaho Falls, Idaho. Topics include the types of bedrock noted in the area as well as their levels of radioactivity.
- Report #27: Development of Photomultiplier Tubes
- From Development of Improved Electron Optics For the 16 Inch Multiplier Phototube: "In order to derive a more efficient electrostatic optical system to be used in conjunction with a large area, 16 inch diameter multiplier phototube the following analysis has been made. This analysis is based on a similar optical system which is to be used in the design of a 16 inch diameter image convertor. At the end on the minifier, we reached the conclusion that the relaxation method constituted the best approach to the solution of the boundary value potential problem inside an axisymmetrical image convertor."
- Development of an Improved Solar Still
- Report concerning the study of multiple designs of solar distillers with the goal of increasing the fresh water ouptut.
- Saline Water Conversion Demonstration Plant Number 1, Freeport, Texas, Volume 5
- Report documenting the ongoing progress and economic concerns of Saline Water Conversion Demonstration Plant No. 1 in Freeport, Texas.
- Third Annual Report: Brackish Water Conversion Demonstration Plant Number 4, Roswell, New Mexico
- From Abstract: "Primary interest was placed on the scale formation problem. Significant improvements were made in the process and described in this report. Maintenance requirements were unusually high during the year, primarily as a result of cumulative corrosion damage over the last three years. The most significant damage was in the circulating pumps, the heat exchangers and feed piping. These and other failures are described."
- Transport Processes in Electrochemically Controlled Ion-Exchange Desalination
- From Summary: "The results of such experiments are summarized as follows: 1. Anion-responsive electrodes formed with Kraton, graphite, Norit, and Amberlite CG-4B demineralized well at currents up to 10 milli-amperes; regeneration was efficient up to 8 milliamperes. 2. Satisfactory anion-responsive electrodes containing Amberlite IRA-68 could only be formed when resin was first ground while in the sulfate form; it was required that it be added to the paste mixture (Kraton, Norit, and graphite) in the same form."
- Sea Water Corrosion Test Program
- From Introduction: "The first demonstration plant sponsored by the Office of Saline Water was located in Freeport, Texas, and came 'on stream" in 1961. The incoming sea water was deaerated since both Speller (6) and Uhlig (7) recognized that dissolved oxygen was usually the controlling factor in the corrosion of iron stream condensate at temperatures even as high 400 degrees F. The water was acidified prior to daeration with H2SO4 to decompose the carbonates which subsequently would cause scale when the water was heated. After the carbonates were removed, the pH was raised to the neutral point, again to provide a less corrosive environment."
- Case Studies of Desalted Water for Irrigation
- Report studying the use of desalinated water for irrigation at three locations in Arizona and California. Costs and benefits are measured among several different areas, including multiple concentrations of desalinated water, different desalting methods, and the desalting process.
- Second Annual Report: Operation of the Muti-Stage Flash Distillation Plant, San Diego, California
- From Introduction: "The Office of Saline Water (OSW) maintains the MSF Module at the San Diego Test Facility, Chula Vista, California, for the purpose of further advancing and developing the state of art of the multistage flash distillation process and thereby reduce the cost of seawater conversion. The MSF Module has been built and operated to obtain engineering design and operating data to serve as a basis for: a. Future process development. b. Improved full scale plant design. Improved full scale plant operating conditions."
- Vacuum-Freezing Vapor-Compression Process: Evaluation on Brackish Water
- From Abstract: "The Vacuum-Freezing Vapor-Compression (VFVC) Process was evaluated on high salinity brackish water during the period from February 1968 through December 1969 by Colt Industries Inc., under O.S.W. Contract No. 14-01-0001-967 at Roswell, New Mexico. The 15,000 gpd VFVC test plant is mounted on a mobile trailer which was built by Colt Industries Inc. in their factory at Beloit, Wisconsin. Prior to operation at Roswell, the plant was operated at Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina to check out the system and to operate the trailer on sea water." Process Description: "A simplified diagram, Figure 2, shows both the essential components of the process and flow paths of the various streams in the system. Typical heat and mass balances are shown on Figures 3 and 4."
- Study of 250-MGD Multistage Flash Distillation Plant with Two-Level Brine Flow
- From Preface - Part 1: "This report contains ORNL's description of the reference design followed by Bechtel's engineering review and cost estimate."
- High-Temperature Transference Numbers in Pure and Mixed Aqueous Electrolytes
- From Abstract: "An electronic technique was used in determinations of transference numbers in aqueous electrolyte solutions by the moving-boundary method. Data for 0.1 N NaCl at temperature from 15 degrees to 125 degrees C are presented in this report. Probable causes of difficulty with the method were identified. and recommendations are made in this report for further research to overcome the difficulties."
- The Influence of Acoustical Vibrations on Convective Heat Transfer to Liquids
- From Introduction: "The research work described in this report consisted of two phases: analytical and experimental. Because of the complexity of the problem of the interaction between acoustical vibrations and heat transfer, the effort to analyze this problem theoretically began with a search for simplified "mathematical models" of the actual physical processes involved."
- A Study of Large Size Saline Water Conversion Plants
- From Introduction: "The principal objective of this study is to digest the experience accumulated in the operation of the demonstration plants, and from this information, to arrive at the cost of fresh water when produced on a large scale. It is important to recognize that the costs, as calculated in this report, are based upon the state of development of the processes as exemplified and proven in the demonstration plants. The field is new, and the rate of development is such that further cost reductions may be expected."
- Demineralization of Saline Water by Electrically-Induced Adsorption on Porous Carbon Electrodes
- Report containing information regarding the demineralization of water via carbon electrodes. Includes steps taken in the experiment, advancements made in the types of carbon material used, and cost estimates.
- Mineral By-Products From The Sea
- Report providing information on the economical separation of mineral constituents from sea water or other saline waters. Processes involving the removal of potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, and other elements were to be studied.
- Demineralization of Saline Water by Electrically-Induced Adsorption on Porous Carbon Electrodes
- Report containing information regarding the demineralization of water via carbon electrodes. Includes steps taken in the experiment, advancements made in the types of carbon material used, and cost estimates.
- Demineralization of Saline Water by Electrically-Induced Adsorption on Porous Carbon Electrodes
- Report containing the summation of the desalination studies carried out by The University of Oklahoma Research Institute, including their theories of carbon demineralization, electrode development, and the cost estimates for a demineralization plant.
- Solidification and Separation of Ice From Saline Water
- From Introduction: "The principal objective of this investigation is to promote fundamental understanding of the mechanism of solidification of aqueous solutions, and the effects of externally applied electrical and magnetic fields on solidification."
- Salt Concentration at Phase Boundaries in Desalination Processes
- From Introduction: "This report explores the theory of the salt build-up phenomenon in a preliminary way. Several simplifying assumptions will be made, since the purpose is to obtain only approximate estimates of the importance of the phenomenon described."
- Research on Saline Water Conversion by Freezing
- From Introduction: "Progress of research related to problems encountered in processes for desalination by freezing is summarized in this report, which is the first annual progress report called for under the terms of Grant 14-01-0001-295 made to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology by the Office of Saline Water in 1962."
- Saline Water Conversion Demonstration Plant Number 1, Freeport, Texas, Volume 2
- Report documenting the ongoing progress and economic concerns of Saline Water Conversion Demonstration Plant No. 1 in Freeport, Texas.