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Border Security: Immigration Enforcement Between Ports of Entry
Description:
This report reviews efforts to combat unauthorized migration across the Southwest border in the nearly three decades since the Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) initiated the modern era in migration control, takes stock of the current state of border security, and considers lessons that may be learned about enhanced enforcement at U.S. borders. The report begins by reviewing the history of border control and the development of a national border control strategy beginning in the 1990s. T…
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Date:
May 3, 2013
Creator:
Rosenblum, Marc R.
Nominations to Article III Lower Courts by President George W. Bush During the 110th Congress
Description:
This report tracks nominations made by President George W. Bush to judgeships on the U.S. courts of appeals, the U.S. district courts, and the U.S. Court of International Trade. It lists and keeps count of all nominations made to these courts during the 110th Congress, including pertinent actions taken by the Senate Judiciary Committee and the full Senate. It also tracks the number of judicial vacancies on the courts (including vacancies classified by the federal judiciary as "judicial emergenc…
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Date:
May 30, 2008
Creator:
Rutkus, Denis Steven; Scott, Kevin M. & Bearden, Maureen
Corporate Expatriation, Inversions, and Mergers: Tax Issues
Description:
This report discusses relevant portions of the U.S. corporate income tax system and how inversions have commonly been structured. It also looks at how Congress and Department of the Treasury have reduced the benefits of inversions, including The American Jobs Creation Act, as well as post-2004 inversions and treasury regulations, and policy options.
Date:
September 25, 2014
Creator:
Marples, Donald J. & Gravelle, Jane G.
Economic Slowdown: Issues and Policies
Description:
This report first discusses the current state of the economy, including measures that have already been taken by the monetary authorities, and assesses the need for and potential consequences of fiscal stimulus. The second part of the report reviews the proposals discussed during debate on the recently enacted fiscal stimulus, both those adopted and those considered but not adopted. The various stimulus packages differed somewhat, and the report briefly describes those differences. This section…
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Date:
May 2, 2008
Creator:
Gravelle, Jane G.; Hungerford, Thomas L.; Labonte, Marc; Weiss, N. Eric & Whittaker, Julie M.
The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act and Current Financial Turmoil: Issues and Analysis
Description:
This report briefly introduces aspects of the current financial instability. Following this, it outlines the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (EESA) legislation and the steps that Treasury has taken to implement EESA. Finally, the report concludes with a more in-depth analysis of the current financial instability, including potential causes of financial instability in general, some sources of the current instability, and how financial instability may spill over into the broader econ…
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Date:
October 31, 2008
Creator:
Webel, Baird & Murphy, Edward V.
Gun Control Proposals in the 113th Congress: Universal Background Checks, Gun Trafficking, and Military Style Firearms
Description:
This report provides background information on federal regulation of firearms. The report discusses the legislative and executive developments in the 113th Congress, as well as universal background checks, gun trafficking, and possession of military style firearms.
Date:
April 5, 2013
Creator:
Krouse, William J.
TRICARE and VA Health Care: Impact of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA)
Description:
This report addresses key questions concerning how the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) affects TRICARE and VA health care.
Date:
February 11, 2014
Creator:
Panangala, Sidath Viranga & Jansen, Don J.
Navy Ship Names: Background for Congress
Description:
This report discusses the process of naming Navy ships, which have traditionally been chosen and announced by the Secretary of the Navy. Congress in recent years has proposed, and sometimes passed, legislation regarding the naming of specific ships.
Date:
April 26, 2013
Creator:
O'Rourke, Ronald
American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics
Description:
This report provides information for war casualty statistics. It includes tables, compiled from sources at the Department of Defense (DOD), indicating the number of casualties among American military personnel serving in principal wars and combat actions.
Date:
November 15, 2012
Creator:
Leland, Anne
Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment
Description:
This report provides an overview of the major exceptions to the First Amendment--of the ways that the Supreme Court has interpreted the guarantee of freedom of speech and press to provide no protection or only limited protection for some types of speech.
Date:
September 8, 2014
Creator:
Ruane, Kathleen Ann
President Obama's Climate Action Plan
Description:
This report discusses President Obama's Climate Action Plan (CAP) to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHG), and to encourage adaptation to expected climate change. The report outlines pledged actions under the plan and possible issues for Congress.
Date:
January 14, 2014
Creator:
Leggett, Jane A.
U.S. Global Climate Change Policy: Evolving Views on Cost, Competitiveness, and Comprehensiveness
Description:
This report discusses the evolving views on cost, competitiveness, and comprehensiveness regarding the U.S. global climate change policy. The report starts out with the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It discusses the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT), and negotiations on the Kyoto Protocol, which established mandatory limits on emissions for developed countries. The report also examines the possibilities of looking for new directions in policy.
Date:
January 29, 2009
Creator:
Parker, Larry & Blodgett, John
Health Care for Dependents and Survivors of Veterans
Description:
This report discusses the Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Department of Veterans Affairs (CHAMPVA), which is primarily a health insurance program where certain eligible dependents and survivors of veterans receive care from private sector health care providers. This report provides information regarding eligibility requirements, available benefits, and payment structures.
Date:
April 4, 2013
Creator:
Panangala, Sidath Viranga
Strategic Arms Control After START: Issues and Options
Description:
The United States and Soviet Union signed the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty in 1991; it entered into force in December 1994 and expired in December 2009. This report provides background information about the START Treaty and reviews the discussions about a possible successor to START. It also presents a range of alternatives that the United States and Russia might consider if they choose to follow START with a new framework for the arms control process.
Date:
May 6, 2010
Creator:
Woolf, Amy F.
Campaign Finance: Potential Legislative and Policy Issues for the 111th Congress
Description:
This report discusses selected campaign finance policy issues that may receive attention during the 111th Congress such as the electronic filing of senate campaign finance reports, bundling, hybrid advertising, joint fundraising committees, 527 Organizations and more.
Date:
January 29, 2009
Creator:
McCarthy, James E.
Membership of the 113th Congress: A Profile
Description:
This report presents a profile of the membership of the 113th Congress (2013-2014). Statistical information is included on selected characteristics of Members, including data on party affiliation, average age, occupation, education, length of congressional service, religious affiliation, gender, ethnicity, foreign births, and military service.
Date:
March 14, 2014
Creator:
Manning, Jennifer E.
Data Security: Federal Legislative Approaches
Description:
This report discusses the core areas addressed in federal legislation, including the scope of coverage (who is covered and what information is covered); data privacy and security safeguards for sensitive personal information; requirements for security breach notification (when, how, triggers, frequency, and exceptions); restrictions on social security numbers (collection, use, and sale); credit freezes on consumer reports; identity theft penalties; causes of action; and preemption.
Date:
June 6, 2008
Creator:
Stevens, Gina Marie
Climate Change: Comparison of S. 2191 as Reported (now S. 3036) with Proposed Boxer Amendment
Description:
This report discusses S. 2191 (the Lieberman-Warner Climate Security Act of 2008), which was reintroduced as S. 3036 with a deficit reduction amendment. In particular, it provides a comparison of five key differences between the bill and the proposed Boxer Amendment.
Date:
May 30, 2008
Creator:
Yacobucci, Brent D. & Parker, Larry
An Overview of Unconventional Oil and Natural Gas: Resources and Federal Actions
Description:
This report focuses on the growth in U.S. oil and natural gas production driven primarily by tight oil formations and shale gas formations. It also reviews selected federal environmental regulatory and research initiatives related to unconventional oil and gas extraction, including the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) proposed hydraulic fracturing rule and EPA actions.
Date:
January 23, 2014
Creator:
Ratner, Michael & Tiemann, Mary
The Budget Control Act of 2011: The Effects on Spending and the Budget Deficit
Description:
This report discusses the effects of the Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA) on spending and the deficit, assuming that the automatic spending reductions proceed as scheduled from FY2013 to FY2021 and the discretionary spending caps remain in place.
Date:
April 1, 2013
Creator:
Levit, Mindy R. & Labonte, Marc
The Berry Amendment: Requiring Defense Procurement to Come from Domestic Sources
Description:
This report examines the original intent and purpose of the Berry Amendment and legislative proposals to amend the application of domestic source restrictions, as well as potential options for Congress.
Date:
August 26, 2008
Creator:
Grasso, Valerie Bailey
Federal Budget Process Reform in the 110th Congress: A Brief Overview
Description:
This report briefly discusses the context in which federal budget process changes are made and identifies selected reform proposals by major category. The identification of reform proposals in this report is not intended to be comprehensive; other CRS reports discuss different aspects of budget process reform in more detail.
Date:
May 28, 2008
Creator:
Keith, Robert
Same-Sex Marriage and the Supreme Court: United States v. Windsor and Hollingsworth v. Perry
Description:
This report discusses the recognition of same-sex marriage, in particular the United States v. Windsor and Hollingsworth v. Perry, Supreme Court case.
Date:
February 20, 2013
Creator:
Feder, Jody & Dolan, Alissa M.
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CRS Insight
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CRS Legal Sidebar
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CRS Issue Briefs
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110th Congress
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CRS In Focus
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Fiscal Year 2015
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92
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115th Congress
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Fiscal Year 2011
68
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Fiscal Year 2005
48
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Fiscal Year 2012
47
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Fiscal Year 2013
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107th Congress
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Fiscal Year 2003
40
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Fiscal Year 2004
40
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Fiscal Year 2002
36
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Fiscal Year 2000
35
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Fiscal Year 2001
33
33
105th Congress
30
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106th Congress
29
29
92nd Congress
29
29
91st Congress
23
23
Fiscal Year 1999
22
22
104th Congress
19
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Fiscal Year 1998
18
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Fiscal Year 2020
16
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101st Congress
13
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102nd Congress
13
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103rd Congress
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98th Congress
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Fiscal Year 1995
13
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Fiscal Year 1996
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Fiscal Year 1997
13
13
100th Congress
12
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99th Congress
12
12
Fiscal Year 1994
11
11
Fiscal Year 1992
10
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Fiscal Year 1993
10
10
Fiscal Year 1972
9
9
Fiscal Year 1974
9
9
Fiscal Year 1990
9
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Fiscal Year 1991
9
9
95th Congress
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96th Congress
8
8
97th Congress
8
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Fiscal Year 1970
8
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Fiscal Year 1973
8
8
Fiscal Year 1989
8
8
Fiscal Year 2021
8
8
93rd Congress
7
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94th Congress
7
7
Fiscal Year 1971
7
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Fiscal Year 1975
7
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Fiscal Year 1980
7
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Fiscal Year 1981
7
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Fiscal Year 1982
7
7
Fiscal Year 1984
7
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Fiscal Year 1986
7
7
Fiscal Year 1987
7
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Fiscal Year 1988
7
7
Fiscal Year 1976
6
6
Fiscal Year 1977
6
6
Fiscal Year 1983
6
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Fiscal Year 1985
6
6
74th Congress
4
4
75th Congress
4
4
76th Congress
4
4
77th Congress
4
4
78th Congress
4
4
79th Congress
4
4
80th Congress
4
4
81st Congress
4
4
82nd Congress
4
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83rd Congress
4
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84th Congress
4
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85th Congress
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86th Congress
4
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87th Congress
4
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88th Congress
4
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89th Congress
4
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90th Congress
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4
Fiscal Year 1969
4
4
Fiscal Year 1978
4
4
Fiscal Year 1979
4
4
Religious Holiday Fact Sheets
4
4
Fiscal Year 1965
3
3
Fiscal Year 1966
3
3
Fiscal Year 2022
3
3
64th Congress
2
2
65th Congress
2
2
66th Congress
2
2
67th Congress
2
2
68th Congress
2
2
69th Congress
2
2
70th Congress
2
2
71st Congress
2
2
72nd Congress
2
2
73rd Congress
2
2
Fiscal Year 1961
2
2
Fiscal Year 1962
2
2
Fiscal Year 1963
2
2
Fiscal Year 1964
2
2
Fiscal Year 1967
2
2
Fiscal Year 1968
2
2
Fiscal Year 2023
2
2
Fiscal Year 2024
2
2
Fiscal Year 2025
2
2
63rd Congress
1
1
Congressional Research Service
1
1
Fiscal Year 1946
1
1
Fiscal Year 1947
1
1
Fiscal Year 1948
1
1
Fiscal Year 1949
1
1
Fiscal Year 1950
1
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1
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Fiscal Year 1952
1
1
Fiscal Year 1953
1
1
Fiscal Year 1954
1
1
Fiscal Year 1955
1
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Fiscal Year 1956
1
1
Fiscal Year 1957
1
1
Fiscal Year 1958
1
1
Fiscal Year 1959
1
1
Fiscal Year 1960
1
1
Fiscal Year 2026
1
1
Fiscal Year 2027
1
1
Fiscal Year 2028
1
1
Issue Brief
1
1
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