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open access

Plutonium concentrations in airborne soil at Rocky Flats and Hanford

Description: The objective of this paper is to summarize measured resuspension concentrations and to consider the implications of these results. In these experiments, airborne concentrations were measured as functions of wind speed, airborne particle size, wind direction, and the collected-plutonium and other nuclides per gram of airborne soil. Airborne radionuclides were normalized by the total amount of airborne solids to relate concentration per gram of airborne solid to concentration per gram of radionu… more
Date: July 1, 1977
Creator: Sehmel, G. A.
open access

Calorimetric assay of reactor grade PuO{sub 2}

Description: This paper describes an experiment to estimate random and systematic errors in determining the effective specific power of plutonium. Precisons and accuracies comparable to coulometric assay were demonstrated for a wide range of plutonium isotopic compositions. Thus, calorimetric assay can provide an effective method for plutonium assay of materials in the nuclear fuel cycle.
Date: December 31, 1977
Creator: Rodenburg, W. W. & Rogers, D. R.
open access

High-pressure tritium equipment

Description: Some solutions to problems of compressing and containing tritium gas to 200 MPa at 700 K are discussed The principal emphasis is on commercial compressors and high-pressure equipment that can be modified easily by the researcher for safe use with tritium. Experience with metal belows and diaphragm compressors has been favorable. Selection of materials, fittings and gauges for high- pressure tritium work also is reviewed briefly.
Date: December 31, 1976
Creator: Coffin, D.O.
open access

Transfer operations with tritium -- A review

Description: Controlled thermonuclear reactors will involve pumping operations with tritium that may involve pressures ranging from submillipascals to megapascals. A variety of pumps is available that can cover portions of this range, and these can be staged to cove the entire pressure range. Some of these pumps can be adapted to virtually any size requirement currently anticipated. Special attention must be paid to operating features and construction materials.
Date: December 31, 1975
Creator: Folkers, C. L. & Gede, V. P.
open access

Test results and supporting analysis of a near surface heater experiment in the Eleana Argillite

Description: A preliminary evaluation of the in-situ thermomechanical response of argillite to heating was obtained from a near-surface heater test in the Eleana Formation, at the Nevada Test Site. The experiment consisted of a 3.8 kW, 3-m long x 0.3-m diameter electrical heater in a central hole surrounded by peripheral holes containing instrumentation to measure temperature, gas pressures, and vertical displacement. A thermal model of the experiment agreed well with experimental results; a comparison of m… more
Date: December 31, 1979
Creator: McVey, D. F.; Lappin, A. R. & Thomas, R. K.
open access

Sorption and migration of radionuclides in geologic media

Description: The interactions of a quartz monzonite, an argillite, an alluvium, and several tuffs with various radionuclides in selected phreatic waters have been studied. The sorption--desorption hehavior of Sr, Tc(VII), Cs, Ba, Ce, Eu, U(VI), Pu, and Am under ambient and 70{sup 0}C temperature conditions has been measured.
Date: December 31, 1978
Creator: Erdal, B. R.; Daniels, W. R.; Hoffman, D. C.; Lawrence, F. O. & Wolfsberg, K.
open access

Status of evaluation of tuff in southern Nevada for geologic disposal of high level nuclear wastes

Description: Siliceous tuff in southern Nevada occurs in a complex and locally active geological environment. Regional thrust faulting, Basin and Range faulting, and present-day seismicity complicate exploration and site characterization activities. The inherent variability of tuff and the complexity of caldera complexes also complicate siting efforts, but may serve to enhance long-term containment. Time--space trends of silicic volcanism are moderately well-established, while those of recent basaltic volca… more
Date: December 31, 1979
Creator: Lappin, A. R. & Crowe, B. M.
open access

Interaction of radionuclides with geomedia from the Nevada Test Site

Description: Aqueous/solid distribution coefficients have been measured for {sup 137}Cs, {sup 85}Sr, {sup 99}Tc, {sup 152}Eu, {sup 144}Ce, {sup 238}Pu, {sup 243}Am and {sup 244}Cm on powdered argillite and hornfels obtained from the Nevada Test Site. The fluid phases included a groundwater simulant and deionized water preequilibrated with powdered argillite. Distribution coefficients for lanthanides and actinides are generally high and Eleana shale was found to effectively sorb technetium.
Date: December 31, 1979
Creator: Lynch, A.W. & Dosch, R.G.
open access

Evaluation of tuff as a waste isolation medium

Description: Tuff is of interest for use as an isolation medium for high heat producing wastes because it provides highly sorptive minerals and suitable thermomechanical properties. Also, tuff is widespread in areas that offer long and deep groundwater flow paths. The occurrence and geologic/hydrologic setting of tuff are discussed. The properties of the rock are discussed and compared with other isolation media. The favorable and unfavorable aspects are presented. Also, unresolved issues are discussed alon… more
Date: December 31, 1979
Creator: Tyler, L. D.
open access

Proceedings of the Task 4 Waste Isolation Safety Assessment Program second contractor information meeting

Description: Volume 1 contains the following papers: Solution Species of {sup 239}Pu in Oxidizing Environments; Solution Species of {sup 239}Pu in the Environment; Theoretical and Experimental Evaluation of Waste Transport in Selected Rocks; Studies of Radionuclide Availability and Migration at the Nevada Test Site Relevant to Radioactive Waste Disposal; Systematic Study of Metal Ion Sorption on Selected Geologic Media; Chromatographic K/sub d/ values of Radionuclides; Effects of Redox Potentials on Sorptio… more
Date: January 1978
open access

Mechanical modeling of nuclear waste disposal in argillite at the Nevada Test Site

Description: Numerical calculations for a near surface heater experiment in argillite conducted at the Nevada Test Site were performed using the finite element code ADINA assuming a two-dimensional axisymmetric geometry. The existence and extent of the region of tensional opening of joints surrounding the heater, predicted by the mechanical model, were confirmed by posttest borehole inspection, permeability measurements, and drillback. Exrapolation of near surface heater model to repository depths reveals t… more
Date: December 31, 1979
Creator: Thomas, R. K. & Lappin, A. R.
open access

Near-surface heater experiments

Description: Full-scale near-surface heater experiments are presently being conducted by Sandia Laboratories in the Conasauga Formation at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and in the Eleana Formation on the Nevada Test Site, Nevada. The purposes of these experiments are: (1) to determine if argillaceous media can withstand thermal loads characteristic of high level waste; (2) to provide data for improvement of themomechanical modeling of argillaceous rocks; (3) to identify instrumentation development needed for furthe… more
Date: December 31, 1978
Creator: Tyler, L. D.; Cuderman, J. F.; Krumhansl, J. L. & Lappin, A.
open access

Thermophysical properties of rocks: a perspective on data needs, sources and accuracy

Description: Recent emphasis on research in geologic isolation of nuclear wastes and geoenergy resource development has created a renewed demand for engineering thermophysical property data for rocks and other geologic materials at elevated pressures and temperatures. In contrast to fabricated engineering materials, with properties which can be specified, rocks used in engineering design are complex, naturally occurring materials having properties which must be characterized, rather than specified, for engi… more
Date: December 31, 1979
Creator: Stephens, H.P. & Sinnock, S.
open access

Conversion of associated natural gas to liquid hydrocarbons

Description: Energy International is a leader in catalyst and process development as it relates to Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) technology. Through this activity, a concept evolved for a new technique for capturing the fuel value in the associated natural gas contained in crude oil. In the new concept, the dissolved natural gas would be processed via F-T technology to produce light hydrocarbons that would then, in one manifestation of this concept, be redissolved in the crude oil to produce a lighter crude than th… more
Date: December 31, 1979
Creator: Singleton, A.H., Cooper, P.G.
open access

Thermal and mechanical responses in the Conasauga and Eleana formations

Description: Two near-surface heater experiments were performed in argillaceous rocks for the purpose of determining the suitability of this rock type for the disposal of heat producing nuclear waste. Site instrumentation included provisions for monitoring both the thermal and mechanical response of the formation. The mechanical behavior of argillaceous rocks was found to be complex and illustrates the necessity of incorporating the dehydration behavior of clays into existing models. The thermal response al… more
Date: December 31, 1979
Creator: Krumhansl, J. L. & Tyler, L. D.
open access

Sensitivity study on the parameters of the regional hydrology model for the Nevada nuclear waste storage investigations

Description: Statistical methodology has been applied to the investigation of the regional hydrologic systems of a large area encompassing the Nevada Test Site (NTS) as a part of the overall evaluation of the NTS for deep geologic disposal of nuclear waste. Statistical techniques including Latin hypercube sampling were used to perform a sensitivity analysis on a two-dimensional finite-element code of 16 geohydrologic zones used to model the regional ground-water flow system. The Latin hypercube sample has b… more
Date: December 31, 1979
Creator: Iman, R. L.; Davenport, J. M.; Waddell, R. K.; Stephens, H. P. & Leap, D. I.
open access

Thermal aspects of waste emplacement in layered tuffs

Description: The thermal response of layered tuffs in Yucca Mountain at NTS to radwaste emplacement at 711 m depth (Bullfrog tuff) was analyzed. Three in-situ boiling criteria were examined. No boiling is predicted for any burial depth with power densities up to 150 kW/acre. Allowable powerdensities are plotted vs depth below 711 m for both HLW and spent fuels. (DLC)
Date: December 31, 1979
Creator: Bulmer, B.M. & Lappin, A.R.
open access

Repassivation Studies of Aluminum Using a Rotating Strip Electrode

Description: In this work a technique was described to study the repassivation of bare metal surfaces. The advantage of this approach over other techniques is the ease with which multiple repassivation events can be studied. The repassivation rate of aluminum was found to depend on the anion in solution. Repassivation rates are higher for aluminum in phosphate and sulfate solutions compared to borate. It is possible that borate may interact more strongly than sulfate or phosphate on the bare aluminum surfac… more
Date: September 1, 1977
Creator: Aldykiewicz, A. J., (Jr.) & Isaacs, H. S.
open access

Second Workshop Geothermal Reservoir Engineering: Proceedings

Description: The Arab oil embargo of 1973 focused national attention on energy problems. A national focus on development of energy sources alternative to consumption of hydrocarbons led to the initiation of research studies of reservoir engineering of geothermal systems, funded by the National Science Foundation. At that time it appeared that only two significant reservoir engineering studies of geothermal reservoirs had been completed. Many meetings concerning development of geothermal resources were held … more
Date: December 3, 1976
Creator: Kruger, P. & Ramey, H. J., Jr.
open access

Proceedings of the Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering: 1977

Description: The Third Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering convened at Stanford University on December 14, 1977, with 104 attendees from six nations. In keeping with the recommendations expressed by the participants at the Second Workshop, the format of the Workshop was retained, with three days of technical sessions devoted to reservoir physics, well and reservoir testing, field development, and mathematical modeling of geothermal reservoirs. The program presented 33 technical papers, summaries of… more
Date: December 15, 1977
Creator: Ramey, H. J., Jr. & Kruger, P. (eds.)
open access

Some Geometrical Aspects of Breakdown of Sodium Beta Alumina

Description: The breakdown of single and polycrystalline sodium beta alumina was studied at 300 C and at room temperature. The breakdown in polycrystals involves a propagation of a highly-branched sodium-filled crack network. In single crystals the fracture surface could be studied directly. It was found that the crack network is filled with sodium from the crack faces rather than the crack tip.
Date: November 1, 1979
Creator: DeJonghe, L. C.; Feldman, L. & Millett, P.
open access

APPLICATION OF THE IMAGINARY TIME STEP METHOD TO THE SOLUTION OF THE STATIC HARTREE-FOCK PROBLEM

Description: A method of solution of the static Hartree-Fock problem is proposed. The method, based upon the extension of the method of solution of the time-dependent Hartree-Fock problem to imaginary time, promises to be more efficient, and applicable to more complex systems than previously proposed numerical methods.
Date: December 1, 1979
Creator: Davies, K.T.R.; Flocard, H.; Krieger, S.; Weiss, M.S.; Flocard, H.; Krieger, S. et al.
open access

Analytic Potential Functions for Diatomic Molecules: Some Limitations

Description: In discussions of the spectra of diatomic molecules, it is common in many physical chemistry and spectroscopy texts to introduce the Morse potential function V(R) = D{sub e}(1-exp(-{beta}(R-R{sub e}))) as representative of the real potential. The length scaling factor, {beta}, is usually expressed in terms of the harmonic vibration constant, {omega}{sub e}, the molecular reduced mass, {mu}, and the well depth, D{sub e}, via {beta} = k {omega}{sub e}(2{pi}{sup 2}{mu}/D{sub e}){sup 1/2} where k i… more
Date: November 1, 1979
Creator: Winn, John S.
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