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The 300 H.P. Benz Aircraft Engine

Description: This report provides a description of the Benz 300 H.P. aircraft engine containing 12 cylinders placed at a 60° angle. It includes a detailed description of the development of the constructional points, particularly the cylinders, pistons, and connecting rods, as well as the engine fitting, lubrication, oil pumps, bearings, oil tank, fuel pump, carburetors, and cooling system. There are seven pages of illustrative figures at the end of the report.
Date: January 1921
Creator: Heller, A.
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N.A.C.A. Langley field wind tunnel apparatus: The tilting manometer

Description: A description is given of a tilting manometer designed to meet the requirements of a manometer for use in the wind tunnel at the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory. This gauge was designed to meet the requirements of a manometer in use in connection with a static pressure plate to indicate the wind speed in the tunnel. The requirements are noted. The sensitivity of the gauge must be made inversely proportional to the pressure to be measured. The gauge must be accurately and quickly set fo… more
Date: January 1921
Creator: Norton, F. H. & Bacon, D. L.
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N.A.C.A. Recording Air Speed Meter

Description: A new type of air speed meter is described which was designed by the technical staff of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. The instrument consists essentially of a tight metal diaphragm of high natural period which is acted upon by the pressure difference of a pitot-static head. The resulting deflection of this diaphragm is recorded optically on a moving film.
Date: October 1921
Creator: Norton, F. H.
open access

Abacus Giving the Variation of the Mean Pressure of an Aviation Engine as a Function of its Speed of Rotation

Description: Comparing the results of the calculations for computing the mean pressure of an aviation engine for any number of revolutions, with those of experiment, the writer, by numerous examples, shows the perfect agreement between them. This report will show that, by means of a special abacus, an engineer can instantly plot the characteristics of an engine.
Date: March 1921
Creator: Margoulis, W.
open access

Absolute Coefficients and the Graphical Representation of Aerofoil Characteristics

Description: It is argued that there should be an agreement as to what conventions to use in determining absolute coefficients used in aeronautics and in how to plot those coefficients. Of particular importance are the absolute coefficients of lift and drag. The author argues for the use of the German method over the kind in common use in the United States and England, and for the Continental over the usual American and British method of graphically representing the characteristics of an airfoil.
Date: June 1921
Creator: Munk, Max
open access

Accelerations in flight

Description: This report deals with the accelerations obtained in flight on various airplanes at Langley Field for the purpose of obtaining the magnitude of the load factors in flight and to procure information on the behavior of an airplane in various maneuvers. The instrument used in these tests was a recording accelerometer of a new type designed by the technical staff of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. The instrument consists of a flat steel spring supported rigidly at one end so that t… more
Date: 1921
Creator: Norton, F. H. & Allen, E. T.
open access

Accelerometer design

Description: In connection with the development of an accelerometer for measuring the loads on airplanes in free flight a study of the theory of such instruments has been made, and the results of this study are summarized in this report. A portion of the analysis deals particularly with the sources of error and with the limitations placed on the location of the instrument in the airplane. The discussion of the dynamics of the accelerometer includes a study of its theoretical motions and of the way in which … more
Date: 1921%
Creator: Norton, F. H. & Warner, Edward P.
open access

Aerodynamic Characteristics of Aerofoils

Description: The object of this report is to bring together the investigations of the various aerodynamic laboratories in this country and Europe upon the subject of aerofoils suitable for use as lifting or control surfaces on aircraft. The data have been so arranged as to be of most use to designing engineers and for the purposes of general reference. The absolute system of coefficients has been used, since it is thought by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics that this system is the one most su… more
Date: 1921~
open access

Airplane Balance

Description: The authors argue that the center of gravity has a preponderating influence on the longitudinal stability of an airplane in flight, but that manufacturers, although aware of this influence, are still content to apply empirical rules to the balancing of their airplanes instead of conducting wind tunnel tests. The author examines the following points: 1) longitudinal stability, in flight, of a glider with coinciding centers; 2) the influence exercised on the stability of flight by the position of… more
Date: June 1921
Creator: Huguet, L.
open access

Airplane Crashes: Engine Troubles: A Possible Explanation

Description: The aim was to bring attention to what might be the cause of some aircraft accidents for which there was no satisfactory explanation. The author notes that in testing aircraft accidents at the Bureau of Standards, it happened frequently that the engine performance became erratic when the temperature of the air entering the carburetor was between 0 C and 20 C. Investigation revealed the trouble to have been caused by the formation and collection of snow somewhere between the entrance to the carb… more
Date: March 1921
Creator: Sparrow, Stanwood W.
open access

Airplane Superchargers

Description: Discussed here are the principles and operation of aircraft engine superchargers used to maintain and increase engine power as aircraft encounter decreases in the density of air as altitude rises. Details are given on the design and operation of the centrifugal compressors. A method is given for calculating the amount of power needed to drive a compressor. The effects of the use of a compressor on fuel system operation and design are discussed. Several specific superchargers that were in operat… more
Date: May 1921
Creator: Noack, W. G.
open access

Analysis of Wing Truss Stresses Including the Effect of Redundancies

Description: Report discusses airplane wing trusses are generally designed to contain redundant members (stagger wires and external drag wires) which, according to common practice, are not taken into account in calculations, so as to simplify the stress analysis by rendering the structure statically determinate. A more accurate method, in which the redundancies are included, involves a solution by means of Castigliano's method of least work. For the purpose of demonstrating the practical application of the … more
Date: 1921%
Creator: Warner, E. P. & Miller, R. G.
open access

Analytical methods for computing the polar curves of airplanes

Description: This report presents a method of calculating polar curves which is at least as precise as graphical methods, but it more rapid. Knowing the wind tunnel test of a wing and the performances of an airplane of the same profile, it is easy to verify the characteristic coefficients and, at the same time, the methods determining induced resistances.
Date: March 1921
Creator: Le Sueur
open access

Angles of Attack and Air Speeds During Maneuvers

Description: From Introduction: "The following report was prepared at the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, as it seemed desirable that there should be some study of the attitude assumed by an airplane, and more particularly of its motion with respect to surrounding air when maneuvering, either in ordinary turns, spirals, climbs, and dives, or in those more spectacular feats commonly known as stunts. It is important to secure this information, among… more
Date: 1921~
Creator: Warner, E. P. & Norton, F. H.
open access

Annual Report of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (6th). Administrative Report Including Technical Reports Nos. 83 to 110

Description: Report includes the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics letter of submittal to the President, Congressional report, summaries of the committee's activities and research accomplished, expenditures, House of Representatives bill 14061, a copy of the bill introduced to the House of Representatives to regulate air navigation, and a compilation of technical reports produced.
Date: 1921
open access

The Art of Writing Scientific Reports

Description: As the purpose of the report is to transmit as smoothly and as easily as possible, certain facts and ideas, to the average person likely to read it, it should be written in a full and simple enough manner to be comprehended by the least tutored, and still not be boring to the more learned readers.
Date: March 1921
Creator: Norton, F. H.
open access

The Calculated Performance of Airplanes Equipped With Supercharging Engines

Description: In part one of this report are presented the theoretical performance curves of an airplane engine equipped with a supercharging compressor. In predicting the gross power of a supercharging engine, the writer uses temperature and pressure correction factors based on experiments made at the Bureau of Standards (NACA report nos. 45 and 46).. Part two of this report presents an estimation of the performance curves of an airplane fitted with a supercharging engine.
Date: 1921
Creator: Kemble, E. C.
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