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Abortion: Legislative Response

Description: The primary focus of this issue brief is legislative action with respect to abortion. However, discussion of those legislative proposals necessarily involves a brief discussion of the leading U.S. Supreme Court decisions concerning a woman’s right to choose whether to terminate her pregnancy. For a more detailed discussion of the relevant case law, see CRS Report 95-724, Abortion Law Development: A Brief Overview.
Date: October 26, 2004
Creator: Shimabukuro, Jon O.; Lewis, Karen J. & Ely, Dana
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Administrative Separations for Misconduct: An Alternative or Companion to Military Courts-Martial

Description: The recent reports of abuse of prisoners held by U.S. military personnel have raised questions about how the armed forces control servicemembers. Congress, under the authorities vested in it by the U.S. Constitution, has enacted procedures for addressing misconduct by servicemembers. One such procedure is an administrative separation under which a member’s continued suitability for service is determined. Administrative separations are non-punitive and can be initiated for a number of reasons, i… more
Date: May 26, 2004
Creator: Velez Pollack, Estela I.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Agriculture as a Source of Barge Demand on the Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers: Background and Issues

Description: This report provides background on the linkage between U.S. agriculture and the UMR-IWW navigation system. In addition, it explores several of the key issues and uncertainties behind evolving trade patterns and projections for future agricultural freight traffic on the UMR-IWW navigation system.
Date: May 26, 2004
Creator: Schnepf, Randy
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

AIDS in Africa

Description: Sub-Saharan Africa has been far more severely affected by AIDS than any other part of the world. The United Nations reports that 26.6 million adults and children are infected with the HIV virus in the region, which has about 10% of the world's population but more than two-thirds of the worldwide total of infected people. This report discusses this issue in detail, including the cause of the African AIDS epidemic, the social and economic consequences, response and treatment, and U.S. policy.
Date: April 26, 2004
Creator: Copson, Raymond W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Air Force FB-22 Bomber Concept

Description: The Air Force has expressed interest in developing a bomber variant of the F/A-22 Raptor to “bridge the gap” between today’s bombers and a follow-on bomber in 2037. Questions exist regarding the FB-22’s feasibility, cost, and combat potential.
Date: May 26, 2004
Creator: Bolkcom, Christopher
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Background and Legal Issues Related to Stem Cell Research

Description: This report discusses issues regarding stem cell research. With certain restrictions, the President has announced that federal funds may be used to conduct research on human embryonic stem cells. Federal research is limited to "the more than 60" existing stem cell lines that were derived (1) with the informed consent of the donors; (2) from excess embryos created solely for reproductive purposes; and (3) without any financial inducements to the donors. No federal funds will be used for the deri… more
Date: October 26, 2004
Creator: Shimabukuro, Jon O.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Border Security: Inspections Practices, Policies, and Issues

Description: Some argue that this reorganization of border inspections has been long needed and is resulting in a more streamlined and efficient set of procedures at the border with a clear, single, chain of command. Others warn that the different types of inspections are quite complex in their own right and that the reorganization is exacerbating the conflicting priorities at the border, ultimately resulting in many more people and goods being sent to secondary inspections. This report, which will not be u… more
Date: May 26, 2004
Creator: Wasem, Ruth Ellen; Lake, Jennifer E.; Seghetti, Lisa M.; Monke, James & Viña, Stephen R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

CALFED Bay-Delta Program: Overview of Institutional and Water Use Issues

Description: The California Bay-Delta Program (CALFED) was initiated in 1995 to resolve water resources conflicts in the Sacramento/San Joaquin Rivers Delta and San Francisco Bay (Bay-Delta) in California. The program planning effort focused on developing a plan to address three main problem areas in the Bay-Delta: ecosystem health, water quality, and water supply reliability. CALFED was authorized to receive federal funding from FY1998 to FY2000, and is now being considered for reauthorization.
Date: July 26, 2004
Creator: Sheikh, Pervaze A. & Cody, Betsy A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Colorado Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized

Description: This report is one of a series that profiles the emergency management and homeland security statutory authorities of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and three territories (American Samoa, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands). Each profile identifies the more significant elements of state statutes, generally as codified. This report focuses on the state of Colorado.
Date: March 26, 2004
Creator: Bea, Keith; Runyon, L. Cheryl & Warnock, Kae M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Congressional Salaries and Allowances

Description: This report provides basic information on congressional salaries and allowances. First, the report briefly summarizes the current salary of Members of Congress, limits on their outside earned income and honoraria, and applicable health insurance and retirement benefits.
Date: January 26, 2004
Creator: Brudnick, Ida A. & Dwyer, Paul E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 1996-2003

Description: This report is prepared annually to provide unclassified quantitative data on conventional arms transfers to developing nations by the United States and foreign countries for the preceding eight calendar years. Some general data are provided on worldwide conventional arms transfers, but the principal focus is the level of arms transfers by major weapons suppliers to nations in the developing world. The data in the report illustrate how global patterns of conventional arms transfers have changed… more
Date: August 26, 2004
Creator: Grimmett, Richard F.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Education of Limited English Proficient and Recent Immigrant Students: Provisions in the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001

Description: The Language Acquisition State Grant Program under Title III of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA) as amended by the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLBA) contains provisions intended to address the specific educational needs of limited English proficient (LEP) students and students who have recently immigrated to the United States.1 Title III represents a major overhaul of federal programs for LEP students formerly provided under ESEA, Title VII, Parts A and C.
Date: April 26, 2004
Creator: Kuenzi, Jeffrey J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Endangered Species: Difficult Choices

Description: This report discusses issues debated in the 108th Congress while is considering various proposals to amend the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA). Major issues in recent years have included changing the role of science in decision-making, changing the role of critical habitat, reducing conflicts with Department of Defense activities, incorporating further protection for property owners, and increasing protection of listed species, among others. In addition, many have advocated including signi… more
Date: October 26, 2004
Creator: Corn, M. Lynne; Buck, Eugene H. & Baldwin, Pamela
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Endangered Species: Difficult Choices

Description: This report discusses issues debated in the 108th Congress while is considering various proposals to amend the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA). Major issues in recent years have included changing the role of science in decision-making, changing the role of critical habitat, reducing conflicts with Department of Defense activities, incorporating further protection for property owners, and increasing protection of listed species, among others. In addition, many have advocated including signi… more
Date: August 26, 2004
Creator: Corn, M. Lynne; Buck, Eugene H. & Baldwin, Pamela
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Environmental Protection Agency: Appropriations for FY2005

Description: The House Appropriations Committee, as the of August 2004 congressional recess, has marked up the Veterans Affairs, Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies appropriations bill for FY 2004, which includes funding for the Environmental Protection Agency, but not filed its report on the bill. The current draft markup of the bill would provide $7.75 billion for the EPA in FY2005, $36 million less than the Administration's request, and $613 million less than FY2004. This report conta… more
Date: August 26, 2004
Creator: Bearden, David & Esworthy, Robert
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Florida Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized

Description: This report is one of a series that profiles the emergency management and homeland security statutory authorities of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and three territories (American Samoa, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands). Each profile identifies the more significant elements of state statutes, generally as codified. This report focuses on the state of Florida.
Date: March 26, 2004
Creator: Bea, Keith; Runyon, L. Cheryl & Warnock, Kae M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Health Care Spending: Context and Policy

Description: The United States spends a large and growing share of national income on health care. In 2004, health spending is expected to approach $1.8 trillion and account for more than 16% of gross domestic product. This report contains information on the background of the healthcare industry in the United States, key issues for Congress in this policy area, and three policy directions to consider: changing health care, changing federal programs, and changing tax policy.
Date: August 26, 2004
Creator: Jenson, Jennifer
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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