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The 1000 HP Traffic Airplane of the Zeppelin Works in Staaken
Report details the characteristics and advantages of the swift traffic airplane constructed by Zeppelin Works at Staaken. The maximum speed, weight, construction, layout, and landing capabilities of the plane are included.
The 1926 German Seaplane Contest
The report discusses the problem of rating the various seaplane designs from the 1926 seaplane contest. The whole process of rating consists in measuring the climbing speed, flying weight and carrying capacity of a seaplane and then using these data as the basis of a construction problem.
Abacus for the Reduction of English Measures to the Metric System and Vice Versa
This report presents a description of an abacus with three scales: one for English measures, one for metric measures, and one with the "points of reduction", as well as construction details. There is also a detailed description on how to use the abacus.
Abacus Giving the Variation of the Mean Pressure of an Aviation Engine as a Function of its Speed of Rotation
Comparing the results of the calculations for computing the mean pressure of an aviation engine for any number of revolutions, with those of experiment, the writer, by numerous examples, shows the perfect agreement between them. This report will show that, by means of a special abacus, an engineer can instantly plot the characteristics of an engine.
Absorbing landing shocks
Report discussing tires, steel springs, hydraulic shock absorbers, and axle travel are all examined in relation to absorbing landing shocks.
Abstracts from the German Technical Press: Rates for Flights Organized by the State
Report presenting tariffs that are written for all aircraft manufacturing companies to follow regarding aircraft orders.
Aerial Convention of October 13, 1919
The aerial convention delegates are listed as well as the set of rules that were developed during the session.
Aerial navigation by dead reckoning
Report discussing the problem to be solved, as presented to the pilot or observer of an aircraft, is as follows: The aircraft starting from A must land at B, the only data being the speed of the airplane, the altitude and the orientation D of the course. The above data would be amply sufficient, were it not for the fact that the airplane is constantly subjected to a wind of variable direction and strength.
Aerial navigation : on the problem of guiding aircraft in a fog or by night when there is no visibility
Report discussing the use of magnetic fields and wire to navigate aircraft in conditions of poor visibility is presented. This field may be considered to be derived from a double lemniscate, considered in the particular case where the origin is a double point formed from the magnetic field of the slack wire, from the field produced by the return currents and from the field due to the currents induced in the conducting mass. These fields are dephased in two ways, one in the direction of the wire, the other in a direction perpendicular to it.
Aerial photography : obtaining a true perspective
Report discussing a demonstration was given within the last few days at the British Museum by Mr. J. W. Gordon, author of "Generalized Linear Perspective" (Constable and Co.), a work describing a newly-worked-out system by which photographs can be made available for the purpose of exactly recording the dimensions of the objects photographed even when the objects themselves are presented foreshortened in the photograph.
Aerial Transportation
Report discussing the origin of air traffic dates from the war. The important development of aeronautic industries and the progress made in recent years, under the impelling force of circumstances, rendered it possible, after the close of hostilities, to consider the practical utilization of this new means of economic expansion.
Aero Dopes and Varnishes
Report discussing before proceeding to discuss the preparation of dope solutions, it will be necessary to consider some of the essential properties which should be possessed of a dope film, deposited in and on the surface of an aero fabric. The first is that it should tighten the material and second it should withstand weathering.
Aerodynamic Characteristics of Aircraft With Reference to Their Use
Report discussing economic and design characteristics are examined in the design of airplanes and airships.
Aerodynamic Characteristics of Thin Empirical Profiles and Their Application to the Tail Surfaces and Ailerons of Airplanes
From Introduction: "The increasing use of airplane wings equipped with ailerons and the importance of knowing the aerodynamic characteristics of tail units (empennages) provided with movable parts (rudders and elevators) impart some interest to the so-called "empirical profiles." For this purpose we thought best to employ the method proposed by Munk for the approximate theoretical study of thin, slightly curved profiles, assimilable, from an aerodynamic view-point, to their mean camber line."
Aerodynamic Computation of Gliders
From Introduction: "In the following discussion, a knowledge of the theoretical principles of airplane construction is assumed, as presented in detail by Vogt and Lippisch in Nos. 7 and 10-19 of the 1919 volume of this publication. A few quantities will however be otherwise designated, in accordance with the Gottingen symbols."
Aerodynamic Laboratory at Cuatro Vientos
This report presents a listing of the many experiments in aerodynamics taking place at Cuatro Vientos. Some of the studies include: testing spheres, in order to determine coefficients; mechanical and chemical tests of materials; and various tests of propeller strength and flexibility.
Aerodynamic laboratory at Cuatro Vientos
This report presents a description of the design of the Cuatro Vientes wind tunnel.
The Aerodynamic Laboratory of the Belgian "Service Technique De L'Aeronautique"
This report provides a description of the wind tunnel housing and motors at the Belgian Service Technique de L'Aeronautique.
The Aerodynamical Laboratory of the Vienna Technical High School
Report presenting a description of the aerodynamics laboratory of the Vienna Technical High School. The main focus of this report is detailing some of the accomplishments that the laboratory has made.
Aerodynamics and Ballistics
Ballistics is a science hundreds of years old and this report is an attempt to show how these older principles can be used in the newer science of aerodynamics.
Aeromechanical Experimentation (Wind Tunnel Tests)
The following report endeavors to show that aeromechanical experimentation has become an important aid to theory. Experiments can be tried with separate parts of airplanes or with models of whole airplanes, with propellers, and with anything else that comes into contact with moving air.
Aeronautic Instruction in Germany
This report contains a list of the courses relating to aeronautics announced in Germany, both in the technical high schools and in the universities.
Aeronautic Instruments
"The development of aeronautic instruments. Vibrations, rapid changes of the conditions of flight and of atmospheric conditions, influence of the air stream all call for particular design and construction of the individual instruments. This is shown by certain examples of individual instruments and of various classes of instruments for measuring pressure, change of altitude, temperature, velocity, inclination and turning or combinations of these" (p. 1).
Aeronautic Insurance
The problem of insuring the emerging commercial aeronautic industry is detailed. The author also motes that a complete solution cannot be obtained until the necessary statistics are compiled.
Aeronautical Museums
Different methods of presenting aeronautical artifacts are examined. The advantages of operating an aeronautical museum and its ability to increase public interest in aircraft are provided.
Aeronautical Record: No. 1 (to June, 1923)
Memorandum presenting an overview of the development of aeronautical industries and commercial aircraft as well as some of the problems that are resulting from it. Details of the aeronautical budget in various countries, organization of the air service, material exports, and airline operations are provided.
Air Cooling: An Experimental Method of Evaluating the Cooling Effect of Air Streams on Air-Cooled Cylinders
In this report is described an experimental method which the writer has evolved for dealing with air-cooled engines, and some of the data obtained by its means. Methods of temperature measurement and cooling are provided.
Air-Flow Experiments
This report describes the apparatus used to take air-flow photographs. The photographs show chiefly the spiral course of the lines of flow near the tip of the wing. They constitute therefore a visual presentation of the phenomena covered by airfoil theory.
Air Forces Exerted on Streamlined Bodies with Round or Square Cross- Sections, When Placed Obliquely to the Airstream
"The question of behavior of a streamlined body with round or square cross-sections is of importance in determining the shape to give an airplane fuselage. It is our task here to show how the lift and drag are affected, with the object placed obliquely to the air stream" (p. 1).
Air forces on airfoils moving faster than sound
We are undertaking the task of computing the air forces on a slightly cambered airfoil in the absence of friction and with an infinite aspect ratio. We also assume in advance that the leading edge is very sharp and that its tangent lies in the direction of motion.
Air reactions to objects moving at rates above the velocity of sound with application to the air propeller
From Discussion: "To meet these unusual conditions three sets of ball-bearings were employed and arranged in tandem, thereby reducing their speeds by the ratio of the number of sets used, as shown in Fig.3. This proved to be a complete success. The results obtained in experiments with a two-blade, 4 foot propeller of series 2, are given in Fig. 9."
Air traffic
This report presents a recounting of the steps taken by France to establish national and international regulation over air traffic.
Air Transport
Report presenting the development in air transport that has taken place since civil aviation between England and Europe started at the end of August 1919. The primary subjects explored include the character of loads on aircraft, routes operated, results in passengers carried and efficiency of the service, costs of the service, question of subsidies, and probable future developments.
Air Transport Economics
Report presenting an exploration of the costs of operation for commercial airlines operating in Europe at the time of the report.
Airplane Drag
It has been less well understood that the induced drag (or, better said, the undesired increase in the induced drag as compared with the theoretical minimum calculated by Prandtl) plays a decisive role in the process of taking off and therefore in the requisite engine power. This paper seeks to clarify the induced drag.
Airplane Parachutes
The "Bulletin Technique", of March, 1919, gave the results of tests and studies made up to that date in connection with airplane parachutes. This work has been continued.
Airplane performance, past and present
Report discussing the progress of airplane performance and measured by speed.
Airplane Speeds of the Future
While the reliability of predictions is poor the author still attempts to gauge the future speeds of airplanes.
Airplane Stability Calculations and Their Verification by Flight Tests
For some time, the designers of airplanes have begun to occupy themselves with the question of longitudinal stability. In their quest to simplify calculation and data collection, the designers have attached the greatest importance to the coefficient of initial longitudinal stability. In this study a diagram was constructed from the data of the tunnel tests, which depends neither on the position of the center of gravity nor of the angle of deflection of the elevators. This diagram is constructed by means of straight lines drawn through the metacenters of the complete airplane, in a direction parallel to the tangents to the polar of the airplane relative to a system of axes fixed with reference to the airplane.
Airplane Strength Calculations and Static Tests in Russia: An Attempt at Standardization
We are here giving a summary of the rules established by the Theoretical Section of the Central Aerodynamic Institute of Moscow for the different calculation cases of an airplane. It appears the engineers of the Aerodynamic Institute considered only thick or medium profiles. For these profiles they have attempted to increase the safety when the center of pressure moves appreciably toward the trailing edge.
Alloys Similar to Duralumin Made in Other Countries Than Germany
Attempts by other countries to develop patents for alloys similar to duralumin are presented. Duralumin is aluminum alloyed with 3.5-4.5% copper, 0.5% magnesium, and 0.25-1% of manganese. A description of various materials that some have attempted to patent are provided.
Altitude of equilibrium of an airship
This report details the procedure followed in establishing a general formula enabling the calculation of the maximum altitude attainable statically.
"AM" Flexible Metal Joint
A flexible metal joint used for connecting fuel lines is investigated and methods for assembly are included.
"Am" Gasoline Cock
The "AM" cock was designed specially for gasoline pipes on vehicles using internal combustion engines (airplanes, airships, automobiles, tractors, battle "tanks", boats, etc.). The report descirbes the functioning and construction of the device.
The American Airship ZR-3
This airship was built by the Zeppelin Airship Company at Friedrichshafen in 1923-4, for the United States Navy, as the reparations service of the German Government in fulfillment of the treaty of peace. A description of the design, components, flight characteristics, blueprints, and photographs are provided.
The Analysis of Aircraft Structures as Space Frameworks: Method Based on the Forces in the Longitudinal Members
The following examples do not take up the discussion of viewpoints to be heeded in determining the design of a framework for given external conditions. Rather they are methods for determining the forces in airplane fuselages and wings, though similar considerations are applied to certain simple cases of a different kind. The object of this treatise is to summarize and amplify these considerations from definite viewpoints.
Analysis of flight and wind-tunnel tests on Udet airplanes with reference to spinning characteristics
This report presents an analysis of results of wind-tunnel tests conducted at the D.V.L. Values were determined for the effectiveness of all the controls at various angles of attack. The autorotation was studied by subjecting the rotating model to an air blast.
Analytical methods for computing the polar curves of airplanes
This report presents a method of calculating polar curves which is at least as precise as graphical methods, but it more rapid. Knowing the wind tunnel test of a wing and the performances of an airplane of the same profile, it is easy to verify the characteristic coefficients and, at the same time, the methods determining induced resistances.
Application of The "Magnus Effect" to the Wind Propulsion of Ships
Report presenting an explanation of the Flettner wind-driven rotor ship and how it functions using the "Magnus effect". The advantages of the construction of this type of ship and the development of flow around the cylinder used to power it are described.
Applying the results of experiments on small models in the wind tunnel to the calculation of full-sized aircraft
This report presents the attempt to develop a law which will permit the use of results obtained on small models in a tunnel for the calculation of full-sized airplanes, or if it exists, a law of similitude relating air forces on a full-sized plane to those on a reduced scale model.
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