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open access

Analysis of Experimental Investigations of the Planing Process of the Surface of Water

Description: Pressure distribution and spray measurements were carried out on rectangular flat and V-bottom planing surfaces. Lift, resistance, and center of pressure data are analyzed and it is shown how these values may be computed for the pure planing procees of a flat or V-bottom suface of arbitrary beam, load and speed, the method being illustrated with the aid of an example.
Date: March 1944
Creator: Sottorf, W.
open access

Analytical Theory of the Campini Propulsion System

Description: "The present report deals exclusively with the particular jet-propulsion system mentioned in the cited reports. The discussion is limited, for the present, to the analytical study of the efficiency and the consumption for the case of application to aircraft and to the plotting of the practical operating curves secured theoretically by the use of suitable experimental factors" (p. 1).
Date: March 1942
Creator: Campini, S.
open access

Application of the Methods of Gas Dynamics to Water Flows With Free Surface 1: Flows With No Energy Dissipation

Description: The application is treated in sufficient detail to facilitate as much as possible its application by the engineer who is less familiar with the subject. The present work was undertaken with two objects in view. In the first place, it is considered as a contribution to the water analogy of gas flows, and secondly, a large portion is devoted to the general theory of the two-dimensional supersonic flows.
Date: March 1940
Creator: Preiswerk, Ernst
open access

Application of the Methods of Gas Dynamics to Water Flows With Free Surface 2: Flows With Momentum Discontinuities (Hydraulic Jumps)

Description: In this paper an introduction to shock polar diagrams is given which then leads into an examination of water depths in hydraulic jumps. Energy loss during these jumps is considered along with an extended look at elementary solutions of flow. An experimental test set-up is described and the results presented.
Date: March 1940
Creator: Preiswerk, Ernst
open access

An Approximate Method for Calculation of the Laminar Boundary Layer with Suction for Bodies of Arbitrary Shape

Description: From Summary: "Various ways were tried recently to decrease the friction drag of a body in a flow; they all employ influencing the boundary layer. One of them consists in keeping the boundary layer Laminar by suction; promising tests have been carried out. Since for large Reynolds numbers the friction drag of the laminar boundary layer is much lower than that of the turbulent boundary layer, a considerable saving in drag results from keeping the boundary layer laminar, even with the blower powe… more
Date: March 1949
Creator: Schlichting, H.
open access

Calculation of Counterrotating Propellers

Description: "A method for calculation of a counterrotating propeller which is similar to Walchner's method for calculation of the single propeller in the free air stream is developed and compared with measurements. Several dimensions which are important for the design are given end simple formulas for the gain in efficiency derived. Finally a survey of the behavior of the propeller for various operating conditions is presented" (p. 1).
Date: March 1949
Creator: Ginzel, F.
open access

The Compressible Flow Past Various Plane Profiles Near Sonic Velocity

Description: "In an earlier report UM No.1117 by Gothert,the single-source method was applied to the compressible flow around circles, ellipses, lunes, and around an elongated body of revolution at different Mach numbers and the results compared as far as possible with the calculations by Lamla ad Busemann. Essentially, it was found that with favorable source arrangement the single-source method is in good agreement with the calculations of the same degree of approximation by Lamla and Busemann. Near sonic … more
Date: March 1949
Creator: Göthert, B. & Kawalki, K. H.
open access

Correlation of Data on the Statistical Theory of Turbulence

Description: The statistical theory of turbulence affords an excellent medium for representing the kinematic conditions in turbulent flow and also serves as a valuable aid to exact experimental research. But it is still not developed enough for solving dynamic processes. Even in the simplest case of isotropic turbulence the calculation of the correlation curve or of the decrement of turbulence invariably reaches a point where clear-cut assumptions, such as omission of the inertia terms, or, earlier, mixing … more
Date: March 1942
Creator: Wieghardt, K.
open access

Electrical Equipment for the Experimental Study of the Dynamics of Fluids

Description: "This report contains the description of electric anemometers and their application to the study of turbulent fluid flows, of electric tanks for the realization of the analogies between electrology and aerodynamics and their application to the study of varied technical problems, and lastly of the electric condenser type dynamometer and its application to the prediction of the aerodynamic forces on wing and airplane models in wind-tunnel tests and in controlled and spontaneous rotations" (p. 1).
Date: March 1942
Creator: Ferrari, Carlo
open access

The Elliptic Wing Based on the Potential Theory

Description: This article is intended as a contribution to the theory of the lifting surface. The aerodynamics of the elliptic wing in straight and oblique flow are explored on the basis of potential theory. The foundation of the calculation is the linearized theory of the acceleration potential in which all small quantities of higher order are disregarded.
Date: March 1941
Creator: Krienes, Klaus
open access

Experiences with flow-direction instruments

Description: "The method of recording the direction of flows on the basis of the hydrodynamic zero-point measurement has now reached a certain limit, in spite of the good results achieved. While the available flow-direction devices are accurate enough for many purposes, they are all insufficient for perfectly exact prediction of the flow direction. The next problem will be to achieve a point-by point flow-direction record, whereby the test procedure must be simplified, accelerated, and the degree of accurac… more
Date: March 1941
Creator: Eckert, B.
open access

Experimental Investigations on Freely Exposed Ducted Radiators

Description: This report deals with the relation between the open areas, the drag, and the air flow as observed on freely exposed, ducted radiators - the air conductivity being modified from zero to one unit. In conjunction with theoretical results, the individual components of the drag of ducted radiators are discussed and general rules established for low-loss ducts. The influence of the wall thickness of the ducts, of the length ratio of the exit, and the effects of sonic velocity on diffusers are dealt … more
Date: March 1941
Creator: Linke, W.
open access

Flow Pattern in a Converging-Diverging Nozzle

Description: "The present report describes a new method for the prediction of the flow pattern of a gas in the two-dimensional and axially symmetrical case. It is assumed that the expansion of the gas is adiabatic and the flow stationary. The several assumptions necessary of the nozzle shape effect, in general, no essential limitation on the conventional nozzles" (p. 1).
Date: March 1949
Creator: Oswatitsch, K. & Rothstein, W.
open access

Force and Pressure-Distribution Measurements on a Rectangular Wing With a Slotted Droop Nose and With Either Plain and Split Flaps in Combination or a Slotted Flap

Description: Force measurements and pressure distribution measurements on the midsection were made on a rectangular wing with slotted droop nose and end plates, on which could be placed a choice of either a plain flap-split flap combination or a slotted flap.
Date: March 1947
Creator: Lemme, H. G.
open access

Force and Pressure-Distribution Measurements on a Rectangular Wing With Double-Hinged Nose

Description: "The previous measurements on airfoils with hinged nose disclosed a comparatively large low-pressure peak at the bend of the hinged nose; which favored the separation of flow. It was therefore attempted to reduce these low-pressure peaks by reducing the camber of the forward profile and thereby ensure a longer adherence of the flow and a maximum lift increase. The forces were measured on a rectangular wing with double-hinged nose and end plates, the pressure distributions were measured in the c… more
Date: March 1947
Creator: Lemme, H. A.
open access

The Friction of Piston Rings

Description: "The coefficient of friction between piston ring and cylinder liner was measured in relation to gliding acceleration, pressure, temperature, quantity of oil and quality of oil. Comparing former lubrication-technical tests, conclusions were drawn as to the state of friction. The coefficients of friction as figured out according to the hydrodynamic theory were compared with those measured by tests" (p. 1).
Date: March 1945
Creator: Tischbein, Hans W.
open access

High-Speed Measurements on a Swept-Back Wing (Sweepback Angle phi = 35 Deg)

Description: "In the following, high-speed measurements on a swept-back wing are reported. The curves of lift, moment, and drag have been determined up to Mach numbers of M = 0.87, and they are compared to a rectangular wing. Through measurements of the total-head loss behind the wing and through schlieren pictures, an insight into the formation of the compression shock at high Mach numbers has been obtained" (p. 1).
Date: March 1947
Creator: Göthert, B.
open access

Infinitesimal Conical Supersonic Flow

Description: The calculation of infinitesimal conical supersonic flow has been applied first to the simplest examples that have also been calculated in another way. Except for the discovery of a miscalculation in an older report, there was found the expected conformity. The new method of calculation is limited more definitely to the conical case.
Date: March 1947
Creator: Busemann, Adolf
open access

The Lift Distribution of Swept-Back Wings

Description: "Two procedures for calculating the lift distribution along the span are given in which a better account is taken of the distribution of circulation over the area than in the Prandtl lifting-line theory. The methods are also applicable to wing sweepback. Calculated results for the two methods were in agreement" (p. 1).
Date: March 1947
Creator: Weissinger, J.
open access

Measurement of Knock Characteristics in Spark-Ignition Engines

Description: This paper presents a discussion of three potential sources of error in recording engine knocking which are: the natural oscillation of the membrane, the shock process between test contacts, and the danger of burned contacts. Following this discussion, the paper calls attention to various results which make the bouncing-pin indicator appear fundamentally unsuitable for recording knock phenomena.
Date: March 1940
Creator: Schütz, R.
open access

The Minimum Energy Loss Propeller

Description: "Various cases are presented of the solution of the problem of the most efficient propeller, more general cases being considered than the one by Betz in 1919: namely, that of a propeller under a limiting light load. The problem is solved directly and also with the aid of the Ritz method which became readily applicable after the author proposed a method for the solution of the propeller problem, in general, with the aid of trigonometric series. The design of a propeller with the aid of this meth… more
Date: March 1945
Creator: Poliakhov, N.
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