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Two-stage, close coupled catalytic liquefaction of coal

Description: This quarterly report covers activities of the Two-Stage, Close- Coupled Catalytic Liquefaction of Coal program during the period January 1,--March 31,1992, at Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. in Lawrenceville and Princeton, New Jersey. This DOE contract period is from October 1, 1988 to September 30, 1992. The overall purpose of the program is to achieve higher yields of better quality transportation and turbine fuels and to lower the capital and production costs in order to make the products from d… more
Date: April 1, 1992
Creator: Comolli, A. G.; Johanson, E. S.; Lee, T. L. K.; Popper, G. A. & Stalzer, R. H.
open access

ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) shield and blanket work package report

Description: This report summarizes nuclear-related work in support of the US effort for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) Study. The purpose of this work was to prepare for the first international ITER workshop devoted to defining a basic ITER concept that will serve as a basis for an indepth conceptual design activity over the next 2-1/2 years. Primary tasks carried out during the past year included: design improvements of the inboard shield developed for the TIBER concept, scopi… more
Date: June 1, 1988
open access

Reconstruction of chronic dose equivalents for Rongelap and Utirik residents: 1954 to 1980

Description: From June 1946 to August 1958, the US Department of Defense and Atomic Energy Commission conducted nuclear weapons tests in the Northern Marshall Islands. BRAVO, an aboveground test in the Castle series, resulted in radioactive fallout contaminating Rongelap and Utirik Atolls. On March 3, 1954, the inhabitants of these atolls were relocated until radiation exposure rates declined to acceptable levels. Environmental and personnel radiological monitoring programs were begun in the mid 1950's by B… more
Date: October 1, 1980
Creator: Lessard, E T; Greenhouse, N A & Miltenberger, R P
open access

Fabricating vanadium sheet to improve symmetry of drawn parts

Description: The degree of anisotropy in vanadium sheet determines the amount of earing in formed parts and relates to the roundness of the formed part. Experiments with annealing and rolling practices to produce vanadium sheet were undertaken to reduce the earing tendencies of the metal. Earing in formed vanadium hemishells was reduced by cross rolling; and for unidirectionally rolled sheet, increased reduction per rolling pass and proper selection of intermediate annealing temperature reduced the earing. … more
Date: December 31, 1989
Creator: Edstrom, C. M.
open access

Thermal analysis of pseudo-steady circulating wellbores

Description: A mathematical model for the fluid temperature distribution inside a wellbore undergoing circulation is developed. The formulation assumes that the heat transfer processes between the formation and the circulating fluid in the wellbore occur in a pseudo-steady manner. A closed form solution to the counterflow energy equations is developed in a manner which allows for arbitrary temperature distributions in the formation. Results are presented for both linear as well as bilinear formation tempera… more
Date: March 1, 1981
Creator: Cline, D. D.
open access

Technical bases for precipitate hydrolysis process operating parameters

Description: This report provides the experimental data and rationale in support of the operating parameters for precipitate hydrolysis specified in WSRC-RP-92737. The report is divided into two sections, the first dealing with lab-scale precipitate hydrolysis experimentation while the second part addresses large-scale runs conducted to demonstrate the revised operating parameters in the Precipitate Hydrolysis Experimental Facility (PHEF).
Date: October 5, 1992
Creator: Bannochie, C.J.
open access

Environmental research plan for the Geokinetics Inc. investigation of the horizontal in situ oil shale retorting process

Description: The development of a horizontal in-situ retorting process may have significant impacts upon valuable environmental resources. A research program has been developed to identify, assess, and minimize the adverse environmental impacts which may result. The goals are to: describe the environment as it existed prior to disturbance; determine the nature and extent of the changes; develop and implement measures to minimize the adverse impacts; develop and implement reclamation procedures which will re… more
Date: November 30, 1979
Creator: Spradlin, H.K.L.; Hutchinson, D.L. & Mankowski, S.G.
open access

Market barriers to energy efficiency

Description: Discussions of energy policy in an environmentally constrained world often focus on the use of tax instruments to internalize the external effects of energy utilization or achieve specified reductions in energy use in the most cost-effective manner. A substantial literature suggests, however, that significant opportunities exist to reduce energy utilization by implementing technologies that are cost-effective under prevailing economic conditions but that are not fully implemented by existing ma… more
Date: June 1, 1992
Creator: Howarth, R.B. (Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States)) & Andersson, B. (Stockholm School of Economics (Sweden))
open access

A high-brightness thermionic microwave electron gun

Description: In a collaborative effort by SSRL, AET Associates, and Varian Associates, a high-brightness microwave electron gun using a thermionic cathode has been designed, built, tested, and installed for use with the SSRL 150 MeV linear accelerator. This thesis discusses the physics behind the design and operation of the gun and associated systems, presenting predictions and experimental tests of the gun's performance. The microwave gun concept is of increasing interest due to its promise of providing hi… more
Date: February 1, 1991
Creator: Borland, M.
open access

Use of polyethers in the treatment of acidic high activity nuclear wastes. Second progress report, June 1, 1977--May 31, 1978

Description: Objective is to develop a solvent extraction process for treating acidic high activity nuclear wastes in order to remove 99.9% of the cesium and strontium. A series of macrocyclic polyethers ''crown'' compounds which have the ability to form organic soluble complexes with the alkali metals (Cs/sup +1/) and the alkaline earth metals (Sr/sup +2/) are being screened. These ''crown'' compounds have been tested for solubility in both CCl/sub 4/ and kerosene, each solvent containing a range of TBP co… more
Date: February 15, 1977
Creator: Davis, Jr., M. W.
open access

Implications of solar energy alternatives for community design

Description: A graduate-level studio at the Harvard School of Design explored how a policy of solar-based energy independence will influence the design of a new community of approximately 4500 housing units and other uses. Three large sites outside Tucson (a cooling problem), Atlanta (a humidity problem), and Boston (a heating problem) were selected. Each is typical of its region. A single program was assumed and designed for. Each site had two teams, one following a compact approach and one following a mor… more
Date: June 1, 1980
Creator: Santos, A. & Steinitz, C.
open access

Raytheon downhole information system. Electromagnetic borehole measurements while drilling system. Final report

Description: A description is given of the Raytheon Downhole Information System (RDIS), a real time electromagnetic borehole measurements while drilling system, applicable to oil, gas, and geothermal drilling. It communicates in both directions through the earth in a single hop at a downlink data rate of 3 bps and uplink rates dependent on depth--typically 6 bits/second at 10,000 ft and 2 bits/second at 15,000 ft; electromagnetic signal transmission time of approximately .1 second. Downhole hardware for com… more
Date: March 1, 1978
Creator: Kolker, M.; Greene, A. H.; Kasevich, R. S.; Robertson, J. C. & Grossi, M. D.
open access

Contribution of the two-photon annihilation process in the measurement of sigma/sub t/ (e/sup +/e/sup /minus//. -->. hadrons at PEP)

Description: The possible impact of the 2..gamma.. process e/sup /plus//e/sup/minus// ..-->.. e/sup /plus//e/sup /minus// /plus/ hadrons is evaluated as a source of background for the study of the one photon annihilation process. Two regions of hadron system invariant mass are considered---the resonance region with low invariant mass, and the ''diffractive'' region above 2 GeV hadron invariant mass. In spite of the fact that the 2..gamma.. cross-section rises with the energy of the initial e/sup /plus//e/su… more
Date: January 1, 1988
Creator: Shen, B.
open access

How temperature gradients are determined in toroidal plasmas

Description: It is commonly assumed in modern-day toroidal plasmas that the edge ion or electron temperature is sufficiently low so that the edge temperature can be neglected with respect to the center temperature. For example, in a detached plasma, where the boundary condition is understood reasonably well, it is both theoretically and experimentally justified to say that the edge temperature can be approximately zero. Now in a toroidal plasma bounded by a divertor, it is theoretically possible to design a… more
Date: February 1, 1990
Creator: Yoshikawa, Shoichi.
open access

Fluid-flow monitoring using electromagnetic probing

Description: High-frequency electromagnetic probing is used to monitor the rate and direction of flow of fluids injected into the ground. This method shows the potential for providing more detailed information than procedures presently used. The experimental technique and the test-of-concept experimental results are discussed. This technique has applications in oil-reservoir engineering and in hydrology studies concerning storage of chemical and nuclear wastes. 11 figures.
Date: October 5, 1979
Creator: Lytle, R.J.; Lager, D.L.; Laine, E.F.; Salisbury, J.D. & Okada, J.T.
open access

Neutron-induced helium implantation in GCFR cladding

Description: The neutron-induced implantation of helium atoms on the exterior surfaces of the cladding of a prototypic gas-cooled fast reactor (GCFR) has been investigated analytically. A flux of recoil helium particles as high as 4.2 x 10/sup 10/ He/cm/sup 2/.s at the cladding surface has been calculated at the peak power location in the core of a 300-MWe GCFR. The calculated profile of the helium implantation rates indicates that although some helium is implanted as deep as 20 ..mu..m, more than 99% of he… more
Date: October 1, 1980
Creator: Yamada, H.; Poeppel, R.B. & Sevy, R.H.
open access

Near threshold studies of photoelectron satellites

Description: Photoelectron spectroscopy and synchrotron radiation have been used to study correlation effects in the rare gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe. Two kinds of time-of-flight electron analyzers were employed to examine photoionization very close to threshold and at higher kinetic energies. Partial cross sections and angular distributions have been measured for a number of photoelectron satellites. The shake-off probability has been determined at some inner-shell resonances. 121 refs., 28 figs., 13 tab… more
Date: November 1, 1986
Creator: Heimann, P.A.
open access

Supplement to a hydrologic framework for the Oak Ridge Reservation, Oak Ridge, Tennessee

Description: The information in this report should prove useful for flow and contaminant-transport modeling of groundwater and for evaluating the alternatives for remedial action. New data on porosity and permeability have been analyzed and interpreted to produce a better understanding of the relationships between unfractured rock, low permeability intervals, and relatively permeable intervals. Specifically, the dimensions, orientations, depths, and spacings of pervious fractures have been measured or calcu… more
Date: November 1, 1992
Creator: Moore, G.K. (Tennessee Univ., Knoxville, TN (United States). Dept. of Civil Engineering) & Toran, L.E. (Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States))
open access

Irrigation customer survey procedures and results

Description: This report describes the statistical procedures, administrative procedures, and results of a telephone survey designed to collect primary data from individuals in the Pacific Northwest region who use electricity in irrigating agricultural crops. The project was intended to collect data useful for a variety of purposes, including conservation planning, load forecasting, and rate design.
Date: March 1, 1987
Creator: Harrer, B. J.; Johnston, J. W.; Dase, J. E.; Hattrup, M. P. & Reed, G.
open access

Radiological survey results at 13 Congress Street, Beverly, Massachusetts (VB003)

Description: At the request of the US Department of Energy (DOE), a team from Oak Ridge National Laboratory conducted a radiological survey at 13 Congress Street, Beverly, Massachusetts. The survey was performed in May 1991. The purpose of the survey was to determine if uranium from work performed under government contract at the former Ventron facility had migrated off-site to neighboring areas. The survey included a surface gamma scan, a beta-gamma scan of paved areas, and the collection of soil samples f… more
Date: July 1, 1992
Creator: Foley, R.D. & Uziel, M.S.
open access

Software Quality Assurance and Software Safety in the Biomed Control System

Description: The Biomed Control System is a hardware/software system used for the delivery, measurement and monitoring of heavy-ion beams in the patient treatment and biology experiment rooms in the Bevalac at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL). This paper describes some aspects of this system including historical background philosophy, configuration management, hardware features that facilitate software testing, software testing procedures, the release of new software quality assurance, safety and oper… more
Date: October 31, 1989
Creator: Singh, R. P.; Chu, W. T.; Ludewigt, B. A.; Marks, K. M.; Nyman, M. A.; Renner, T. R. et al.
open access

Variable speed constant frequency constant voltage alternator. Annual report

Description: A test alternator is operated with digital control of its output frequency for variable shaft speed. The machine is a two-pole alternator with power removed through slip rings. The output frequency of the alternator is controlled by rotating the field by stepping through sixteen coils around the rotor. Usually four coils are active at one time. The rotating field in the stationary coils of the stator is controlled by microcircuits. The control circuits are constructed with available low-cost, l… more
Date: July 1, 1980
Creator: Grannemann, W.W.; Yang, C.E. & Seo, P.H.
open access

Scoping assessment of radiological doses to aquatic organisms and wildlife -- N Springs. [N Springs]

Description: Estimated does rates were determined for endemic biota inhabiting the N Springs area based primarily on spring water data collected from the first 6 months of 1991. Radiological dose estimates were computed from measured values of specific radionuclides and modeled levels of radionuclides using established computer codes. The highest doses were predicted in hypothetical populations of clams, fish-eating ducks, and rabbits. The calculated dose estimates did not exceed 1 rad/d, an administrative … more
Date: October 1, 1992
Creator: Poston, T. M. & Soldat, J. K.
open access

Evaluation of manure as a feedstock for gas turbines

Description: A preliminary program on evaluation of feedlot manure as a feed stock for gas turbines has been completed. It was determined that manure can be pulverized and fed into a gas turbine combustion system with the manure burning in much the same manner as a liquid or gaseous fuel. Ash and dirt in the manure did not appear to have a significant effect on combustion and were effectively removed by the cyclone filters. The exhaust gases varied from clear to a blue haze. Severe problems were encountered… more
Date: May 1, 1988
Creator: Hamrick, J.T.
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