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Iran: U.S. Policy and Options

Description: This report analyzes developments in U.S. policy toward Iran, including existing U.S. sanctions in force against that country. The report discusses changes in Iranian policy and in U.S. policy toward Iran since the May 1997 election of a relative moderate, Mohammad Khatemi, as Iran's President. The report analyzes the outstanding issues that divide the two countries, and conditions under which Iran might agree to U.S. overtures to improve relations with Iran's government.
Date: January 14, 2000
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
open access

Syria after Hafiz al-Asad

Description: This report the country of Syria following the rule of Hafiz al-Asad. Dr. Bashar al-Asad seems poised to succeed his father, the late President Hafiz al-Asad, following the latter's death from a heart attack on June 10, 2000; however, Bashar is untested and may face challenges from other leading figures or dissidents. No major changes in Syria's position on peace talks with Israel or relations with the United States seem likely while the successor regime consolidates its control.
Date: June 27, 2000
Creator: Prados, Alfred B. & Ruebner, Joshua
open access

U.S.-Jordan Free Trade Agreement

Description: On June 6, 2000, President Bill Clinton and King Abdullah II announced that the United States and Jordan would commence negotiations for a bilateral free trade agreement (FTA). The two sides signed the FTA on October 24, 2000, and President Clinton submitted the FTA to Congress on January 6, 2001.
Date: January 23, 2001
Creator: Ruebner, Joshua
open access

Iran: Arms and Technology Acquisitions

Description: This report details Iran's efforts to get around U.S. imposed trade restrictions to continue manufacturing weapons of mass destruction. It highlights the countries that Iran collaborated with, as well as the measures put in place by the Clinton Administration which were used to limit the collaboration attempts between Iran and these countries.
Date: January 26, 2001
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
open access

Saudi Arabia: Post-War Issues and U.S. Relations

Description: Saudi Arabia, a monarchy ruled by the Saudi dynasty, enjoys special importance in the international community because of its unique association with the Islamic religion and its oil wealth. Since the establishment of the modern Saudi kingdom in 1932, it has benefitted from a stable political system based on a smooth process of succession to the throne and an increasingly prosperous economy dominated by the oil sector. Decrees by King Fahd in March 1992 establishing an appointive consultative co… more
Date: April 13, 2001
Creator: Prados, Alfred B.
open access

The Iran-Libya Sanctions Act (ILSA)

Description: Report discussing the Iran Libya Sanctions Act as well as the legislative developments that occurred regarding the act.
Date: July 20, 2001
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
open access

The Shib'a Farms Dispute and Its Implications

Description: This report discusses the Shib’a Farms area, which remains a source of tension and potential risk. This is a roughly 10 square mile enclave at the southern edge of the Lebanese-Syrian border.
Date: August 7, 2001
Creator: Prados, Alfred B.
open access

Agriculture in Afghanistan and Neighboring Asian Countries

Description: Agriculture (as measured by share of gross domestic product and employment) is a significant economic sector in seven Central and South Asian countries: Afghanistan, Iran, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. All of these countries are net food importers. Some have experienced successive years of drought, which has contributed to noticeable declines in agricultural output and the need to increase commodity imports. The United Nations’ World Food Program reports that b… more
Date: November 16, 2001
Creator: Jurenas, Remy
open access

Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia: Political Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests

Description: The United States recognized the independence of all the former Soviet republics by the end of 1991, including the South Caucasus states of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. The United States has fostered these states' ties with the West in part to end the dependence of these states on Russia for trade, security, and other relations. The FREEDOM Support Act of 1992 provides authorization for assistance to the Eurasian states for humanitarian needs, democratization, and other purposes. In the af… more
Date: December 3, 2001
Creator: Nichol, Jim & Kim, Julie
open access

Palestinians and Middle East Peace: Issues for the United States

Description: The United States began contacts with the PalestineLiberationOrganization (PLO)in December 1988, after the PLO accepted Israel’s right to exist, accepted U.N. Resolutions 242 and 338 that call for an exchange of land for peace, and renounced terrorism. The United States continues its contacts with the PLO and the Palestinian Authority elected in January 1996 and is an active broker in the continuing Middle East peace process.
Date: December 5, 2001
Creator: Mark, Clyde R.
open access

U.S.-Jordan Free Trade Agreement

Description: On June 6, 2000, President Bill Clinton and King Abdullah II announced that the United States and Jordan would begin negotiations for a bilateral free trade agreement (FTA). The two sides signed the FTA on October 24, 2000, and President Clinton submitted the FTA to the 107th Congress on January 6, 2001.
Date: December 13, 2001
Creator: Bolle, Mary Jane
open access

Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia: Political Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests

Description: The United States recognized the independence of all the former Soviet republics by the end of 1991, including the South Caucasus states of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. The United States has fostered these states' ties with the West in part to end the dependence of these states on Russia for trade, security, and other relations. The FREEDOM Support Act of 1992 provides authorization for assistance to the Eurasian states for humanitarian needs, democratization, and other purposes. In the af… more
Date: January 3, 2002
Creator: Nichol, Jim & Kim, Julie
open access

Iran: Current Developments and U.S. Policy

Description: This report discusses the developments in Iranian foreign policy, their involvement with terrorist organizations, the developments made with respect to weapons of mass destruction, and human rights concerns. It also details the Bush Administration's efforts to maintain the sanctions put in place by the Clinton Administration.
Date: January 3, 2002
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
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