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The knock-limiting performance of fuel blends containing aromatics Part 1: toluene, ethyl-benzene, and p-xylene

Description: Report presenting knock-limited small-scale-engine tests of tulene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene blended individually in various concentrations with selected base fuels. Data was obtained for the aromatics to determine the blending sensitivity, the lead susceptibility, and the sensitivity of blends to inlet-air temperature.
Date: October 1944
Creator: Meyer, Carl L. & Branstetter, J. Robert
open access

The knocking characteristics of fuels in relation to maximum permissible performance of aircraft engines

Description: An analysis is presented of the relationship of various engine factors to knock in preignition in an aircraft engine. From this analysis and from the available experimental data, a method of evaluating the knocking characteristics of the fuel in an aircraft-engine cylinder is suggested.
Date: September 14, 1938
Creator: Rothrock, A. M. & Biermann, Arnold E.
open access

Knocking combustion observed in a spark-ignition engine with simultaneous direct and Schlieren high-speed motion pictures and pressure records

Description: Simultaneous direct and Schlieren photographs at 40,000 frames per second and correlated pressure records were taken of knocking combustion in a special spark-ignition engine to ascertain the intensity of certain end-zone reactions previously noted from Schlieren photography alone. A violent propagated homogeneous autoignition, or a similar phenomenon, previously observed, was again observed. The pressure records show autoignition of varying violence before the passage of a probable detonation … more
Date: 1948
Creator: Osterstrom, Gordon E.
open access

Knocking in an Internal-Combustion Engine

Description: The question remains open of the relation between the phenomena of knocking in the engine and the explosion wave. The solution of this problem is the object of this paper. The tests were conducted on an aircraft engine with a pyrex glass window in the cylinder head. Photographs were then taken of various combinations of fuels and conditions.
Date: January 1940
Creator: Sokolik, A. & Voinov, A.
open access

Knocking in the Otto-Cycle Engine

Description: Engine knock is, as is known, preceded by normal burning of the first part of the charge, and only the part burned last (residual charge), knocks. The aim of the present measurements was, first, to reexamine the combustion form in this residual charge, because of the absence of uniform and frequently contradictory results in the very extensive literature on the subject. On top of that, an attempt was to be made to gain a deeper insight into the mechanism accompanying the combustion process, by … more
Date: September 1939
Creator: Weinhart, H.
open access

Knocking Tendency of an Air-Cooled Aircraft-Engine Cylinder With One and With Two Spark Plugs

Description: Report presenting tests conducted with an air-cooled aircraft-engine cylinder to determine the effect on the knocking tendency of cutting out one spark plug when the engine is operating at or near the knock point with two spark plugs firing. The results indicate that cutting out one spark plug will not lead to knock but will actually stop or decrease knock that is occurring with both spark plugs firing.
Date: July 1943
Creator: Spencer, R. C. & Jones, A. W.
open access

Kodiak and Adjacent Islands, Alaska

Description: From abstract: The Kodiak group of islands, having an area of 4,900 square miles, lie on the Pacific Ocean side of the base of the Alaska Peninsula. Although the town of Kodiak is the oldest continuously occupied white settlement in Alaska, the interior of many of the islands is still little explored and unmapped, for the heavy growth of vegetation makes inland travel difficult, and few trails penetrate far from the coast.
Date: 1937
Creator: Capps, Stephen Reid
open access

Kodiak and Vicinity Alaska

Description: From abstract: Kodiak Island, although the site of the earliest white settlement in Alaska and the center of a vigorous fishing industry, is still largely unexplored, except for a strip immediately adjacent to the shores. The heavy growth of vegetation makes access to the interior of the island difficult, and few trails penetrate far from the coast. Mining activity in the past has been confined to somewhat desultory exploitation of beach sands, which in places carry gold, though some gold-beari… more
Date: 1937
Creator: Capps, Stephen R.
open access

The Koppers Hydrate Process for Saline Water Conversion Experimental and Engineering Studies

Description: Report covering the research and development work on the Koppers Hydrate Process as a means of desalting sea water. The process is a chemical one, in which a hydrating agent, such as propane or dichlorodifluoromethane, and water combine to form insoluble crystals. Most of the work was carried out in bench-scale equipment or laboratory research.
Date: 1964
Creator: Koppers Company
open access

Kxp and kxpl : a Busy Man's LaTeX

Description: This report introduces the following programs: kxp: a time-saving LaTeX preprocessor, kxpl: kxp plus latex, kxh: a help facility for kxp and LaTex, ptex: a program for printing a LaTeX document, and pptex: a program for printing parts of a LaTeX document. More detailed descriptions will be given in Part 2: A Reference Manual. The appendix gives instructions on how to use Argonne's Mathematics and Computer Science Division letterhead and intralaboratory memo L(sup A)T(sub E)X styles.
Date: March 1991
Creator: Kwong, Man Kam
open access

"A L C L A D": A New Corrosion Resistant Aluminum Product

Description: Described here is a new corrosion resistant aluminum product which is markedly superior to the present strong alloys. Alclad is a heat-treated aluminum, copper, manganese, magnesium alloy that has the corrosion resistance of pure metal at the surface and the strength of the strong alloy underneath. Of particular importance is the thorough character of the union between the alloy and the pure aluminum.
Date: August 1927
Creator: Dix, E. H., Jr.
open access

Laboratory and Full-Scale Sulfur Elimination Tests on Coal from Pratt Bed, Alabama

Description: Report issued by the Bureau of Mines over studies conducted on the Pratt coal bed in Alabama. The report details "washability studies of coal from beds in Alabama and other southern states in which commercially important deposits occur" (p. 1). This report includes tables, graphs, and illustrations.
Date: May 1958
Creator: Perry, R. E.; Gandrud, B. W.; Riley, H. L.; Gayle, J. B. & Eddy, W. H.
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