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open access

2013 Proceedings of the Eight Annual Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Research Workshop

Description: Today's cyberspace is a powerful, virtual environment enabled by our global digital infrastructure that provides a bright landscape for commerce, science, education, communication, and government. The future of America's prosperity hinges on rebalancing cyberspace to mitigate threats and maximize benefits, ensuring security and privacy in a constantly changing adversarial environment. Recognizing this great need, we requested original paper submissions in four general areas derived from the Fed… more
Date: January 2013
Creator: Sheldon, Frederick T.; Giani, Annarita N.; Krings, Axel & Abercrombie, Robert K.
open access

Analysis and Classification of Mammography Reports Using Maximum Variation Sampling

Description: Currently, no automated means of detecting abnormal mammograms exist. While knowledge discovery capabilities through data mining and data analytics tools are widespread in many industries, the healthcare industry as a whole lags far behind. Providers are only just beginning to recognize the value of data mining as a tool to analyze patient care and clinical outcomes. The research conducted by the authors investigates the use of genetic algorithms for classification of unstructured mammography r… more
Date: January 1, 2011
Creator: Patton, Robert M.; Beckerman, Barbara G. & Potok, Thomas E.
open access

Analysis of Inter-Vehicle Communication Using Network Simulator

Description: Inter-Vehicle Communication (IVC) could be an important component of next-generation Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). It provides wireless connectivity among traveling vehicles to exchange real-time road condition and traffic information to support safe driving and traffic management. IVC system can be considered as a special form of mobile ad-hoc network (MANET). The MANET and IVC are both hot issues for researches. However, there are few domestic literatures combining the two topics. … more
Date: January 1, 2013
Creator: Lu, Wei
open access

Atomic-Resolution STEM at Low Primary Energies

Description: Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEMs) can now produce electron probes as small as 1 {angstrom} at 60 keV. This level of performance allows individual light atoms to be imaged in various novel materials including graphene, monolayer boron nitride, and carbon nanotubes. Operation at 60 keV avoids direct knock-on damage in such materials, but some radiation damage often remains, and limits the maximum usable electron dose. Elemental identification by electron ener… more
Date: January 1, 2011
Creator: Krivanek, Ondrej L.; Chisholm, Matthew F; Dellby, N. & Murfitt, M. F.
open access

Automated detection and analysis of particle beams in laser-plasma accelerator simulations

Description: Numerical simulations of laser-plasma wakefield (particle) accelerators model the acceleration of electrons trapped in plasma oscillations (wakes) left behind when an intense laser pulse propagates through the plasma. The goal of these simulations is to better understand the process involved in plasma wake generation and how electrons are trapped and accelerated by the wake. Understanding of such accelerators, and their development, offer high accelerating gradients, potentially reducing size a… more
Date: May 21, 2010
Creator: Ushizima, Daniela Mayumi; Geddes, Cameron G.; Cormier-Michel, Estelle; Bethel, E. Wes; Jacobsen, Janet; Prabhat et al.
open access

Batteries: Overview of Battery Cathodes

Description: The very high theoretical capacity of lithium (3829 mAh/g) provided a compelling rationale from the 1970's onward for development of rechargeable batteries employing the elemental metal as an anode. The realization that some transition metal compounds undergo reductive lithium intercalation reactions reversibly allowed use of these materials as cathodes in these devices, most notably, TiS{sub 2}. Another intercalation compound, LiCoO{sub 2}, was described shortly thereafter but, because it was … more
Date: July 12, 2010
Creator: Doeff, Marca M
open access

Bioananalytics of Human Microdosing

Description: No Description Available.
Date: May 2, 2011
Creator: Buchholz, B. A.; Sarachine Falso, M. J.; Stewart, B. J.; Haack, K. W.; Ognibene, T. J.; Salazar Quintero, G. A. et al.
open access

Biofuel Economics

Description: As concerns regarding increasing energy prices, global warming and renewable resources continue to grow, so has scientific discovery into agricultural biomass conversion. Plant Biomass Conversion addresses both the development of plant biomass and conversion technology, in addition to issues surrounding biomass conversion, such as the affect on water resources and soil sustainability. This book also offers a brief overview of the current status of the industry and examples of production plants … more
Date: July 15, 2011
Creator: Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel; Holmes, Brad; Simmons, Blake & Blanch, Harvey
open access

Cathode Processing for Lithium-ion Batteries

Description: This report is a descriptive journey of the Cathode Processing for Lithium-ion Batteries
Date: January 1, 2011
Creator: Li, Jianlin; Daniel, Claus & Wood III, David L
open access

Ch. 37, Inertial Fusion Energy Technology

Description: Nuclear fission, nuclear fusion, and renewable energy (including biofuels) are the only energy sources capable of satisfying the Earth's need for power for the next century and beyond without the negative environmental impacts of fossil fuels. Substantially increasing the use of nuclear fission and renewable energy now could help reduce dependency on fossil fuels, but nuclear fusion has the potential of becoming the ultimate base-load energy source. Fusion is an attractive fuel source because i… more
Date: June 9, 2010
Creator: Moses, E.
open access

Challenges in Data Intensive Analysis at Scientific Experimental User Facilities

Description: Today's scientific challenges such as routes to a sustainable energy future, materials by design or biological and chemical environmental remediation methods, are complex problems that require the integration of a wide range of complementary expertise to be addressed successfully. Experimental and computational science research methods can hereby offer fundamental insights for their solution. Experimental facilities in particular can contribute through a large variety of investigative methods, … more
Date: January 1, 2011
Creator: Kleese Van Dam, Kerstin; Li, Dongsheng; Cobb, John W; Green, Mark L; Burley, Catherine L & Miller, Stephen D
open access

CHAPTER 5-RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT

Description: The ore pitchblende was discovered in the 1750's near Joachimstal in what is now the Czech Republic. Used as a colorant in glazes, uranium was identified in 1789 as the active ingredient by chemist Martin Klaproth. In 1896, French physicist Henri Becquerel studied uranium minerals as part of his investigations into the phenomenon of fluorescence. He discovered a strange energy emanating from the material which he dubbed 'rayons uranique.' Unable to explain the origins of this energy, he set the… more
Date: May 5, 2010
Creator: Marra, J.
open access

Chapter 11. Community analysis-based methods

Description: Microbial communities are each a composite of populations whose presence and relative abundance in water or other environmental samples are a direct manifestation of environmental conditions, including the introduction of microbe-rich fecal material and factors promoting persistence of the microbes therein. As shown by culture-independent methods, different animal-host fecal microbial communities appear distinctive, suggesting that their community profiles can be used to differentiate fecal sam… more
Date: May 1, 2010
Creator: Cao, Y.; Wu, C. H.; Andersen, G. L. & Holden, P. A.
open access

Comparative assessment of status and opportunities for carbon Dioxide Capture and storage and Radioactive Waste Disposal In North America

Description: Aside from the target storage regions being underground, geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) and radioactive waste disposal (RWD) share little in common in North America. The large volume of carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) needed to be sequestered along with its relatively benign health effects present a sharp contrast to the limited volumes and hazardous nature of high-level radioactive waste (RW). There is well-documented capacity in North America for 100 years or more of sequestration of CO{sub 2… more
Date: July 22, 2011
Creator: Oldenburg, C. & Birkholzer, J.T.
open access

A Compendium of Math and Science Research Funded by NCER and NCSER: 2002-2013

Description: A compendium of math and science educational programs that are further subdivided by content area, grade level, outcomes, and emerging college- and career-readiness standards. The development of all programs is based upon research conducted by the National Center for Education Research (NCER) and the National Center for Speical Education Research (NCSER).
Date: 2016
Creator: Yamaguchi, Ryoko; Hall, Adam; Larson, Meredith; Stapleton, Katina; Chhin, Christina & Ochsendorf, Rob
open access

A Compendium of Social-Behavioral Research Funded by NCER and NCSER: 2002-2013

Description: A compendium of more than 245 projects based on the social-behavioral competencies of preschool, K-12, post-secondary and adult students determined through extensive and varied educational research. The projects include instructional interventions, professional development programs, educational technologies and assessments.
Date: 2016
Creator: Yamaguchi, Ryoko; Hall, Adam; Larson, Meredith; Stapleton, Katina; Doolittle, Emily & Buckley, Jacquelyn
open access

Composite Materials under Extreme Radiation and Temperature Environments of the Next Generation Nuclear Reactors

Description: In the nuclear energy renaissance, driven by fission reactor concepts utilizing very high temperatures and fast neutron spectra, materials with enhanced performance that exceeds are expected to play a central role. With the operating temperatures of the Generation III reactors bringing the classical reactor materials close to their performance limits there is an urgent need to develop and qualify new alloys and composites. Efforts have been focused on the intricate relations and the high demand… more
Date: May 1, 2011
Creator: Simos, N.
open access

Conservation Laws for Coupled Hydro-mechanical Processes in Unsaturated Porous Media: Theory and Implementation

Description: We develop conservation laws for coupled hydro-mechanical processes in unsaturated porous media using three-phase continuum mixture theory. From the first law of thermodynamics, we identify energy-conjugate variables for constitutive modeling at macroscopic scale. Energy conjugate expressions identified relate a certain measure of effective stress to the deformation of the solid matrix, the degree of saturation to the matrix suction, the pressure in each constituent phase to the corresponding i… more
Date: February 19, 2010
Creator: Borja, R. I. & White, J. A.
open access

Correcting transport errors during advection of aerosol and cloud moment sequences in eulerian models

Description: Moment methods are finding increasing usage for simulations of particle population balance in box models and in more complex flows including two-phase flows. These highly efficient methods have nevertheless had little impact to date for multi-moment representation of aerosols and clouds in atmospheric models. There are evidently two reasons for this: First, atmospheric models, especially if the goal is to simulate climate, tend to be extremely complex and take many man-years to develop. Thus th… more
Date: March 1, 2012
Creator: R., McGraw
open access

Crop Physiology

Description: In this chapter, we review the physiology of switchgrass from seed dormancy till the effects of water and nutrients stress on grown plants. These characteristics are presented and discussed mainly at the canopy and whole-plant level with emphasis on the agro-physiology of the species in view of the possible contribution of crop physiology to agricultural development. Switchgrass is noted for the variable degrees of seed dormancy regulated by endogenous and exogenous factors that determine the s… more
Date: January 1, 2013
Creator: Zegada-Lizarazu, Walter; Wullschleger, Stan D; Nair, S. Surendran & Monti, Andrea
open access

Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Research Workshop (CSIIRW'11) Proceedings

Description: The energy industry is embarking upon an infrastructure transformation that will result in a national power grid that is more intelligent, robust, resilient, and secure. While the final form will not be known for quite some time, clearly a smarter grid will make better use of information. Whether an electric utility is making real-time adjustments in response to changing load conditions, or commercial and private consumers are making better choices, the timely availability of this information w… more
Date: January 1, 2011
Creator: Sheldon, Frederick T; Abercrombie, Robert K & Krings, Axel
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