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Afghanistan: Current Issues and U.S. Policy

Description: The United States and its allies are helping Afghanistan emerging from more than 22 years of warfare, although substantial risk to Afghan stability remains. Before the U.S. military campaign against the orthodox Islamist Taliban movement began on October 7, 2001, Afghanistan had been mired in conflict since the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. The defeat of the Taliban has enabled the United States and its coalition partners to send forces throughout Afghanistan to search for Taliban and… more
Date: August 23, 2002
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues

Description: This report discusses the issue of U.S. economic assistance to sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting the importance of continued assistance in light of U.S. national security and also various U.S.-led efforts to promote reform amongst African citizens themselves. U.S. assistance finds its way to Africa through a variety of channels, including the USAID-administered DA program, food aid programs, and indirect aid provided through international financial institutions and the United Nations.
Date: September 23, 2002
Creator: Copson, Raymond W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Analysis of the Lattice-Boltzmann-Based Code PowerFLOW: Flow Through a Parallel Confined Jet

Description: Recent advances in the development and practical implementation of the Lattice-Boltzmann (LB) method as applied to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have spurred much interest. A simple literature search of this area yielded well over 200 articles published in the open literature since 1997. The key advantage of the LB method is the time-accurate simulation of complex flow phenomena that are intractable with traditional methods. Analysis of flow in a parallel confined jet (PCJ) has been perfor… more
Date: August 23, 2002
Creator: III, S.J. Vinay & J.R. Buchanan, Jr.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
open access

The Andean Trade Preference Act: Background and Issues for Reauthorization

Description: On December 4, 1991, President George Bush signed into law the Andean Trade Preference Act (ATPA) to counter illicit drug production and trade in Latin America. For ten years, it has provided preferential, mostly duty-free, treatment of selected U.S. imports from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. The goal of ATPA is to encourage increased exports, thereby promoting development and providing an incentive for Andean farmers and other workers to pursue economic alternatives to the drug trade. … more
Date: August 23, 2002
Creator: Hornbeck, J. F.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Appropriateness of Indian Health Service's Request for Proposals

Description: Correspondence issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "GAO reviewed the appropriateness of a termination of a 1997 request by the Indian Health Services (IHS) for proposals to provide computed tomographic scanning services for the Blackfeet and Crow Service Units in Montana. GAO found no indication that IHS negotiated in bad faith. GAO's Office of Special Investigations had looked into the case in December 1998. GAO determined that the case was not within the scope… more
Date: January 23, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Text
open access

Appropriations for FY2002: Military Construction

Description: Appropriations are one part of a complex federal budget process that includes budget resolutions, appropriations (regular, supplemental, and continuing) bills, rescissions, and budget reconciliation bills. This report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress passes each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House and Senate Defense Appropriations Subcommittees.
Date: April 23, 2002
Creator: Else, Daniel H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Appropriations for FY2003: Interior and Related Agencies

Description: Appropriations are one part of a complex federal budget process that includes budget resolutions, appropriations (regular, supplemental, consolidated, and continuing) bills, rescissions, and budget reconciliation bills. This report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress considers each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House and Senate Interior Appropriations Subcommittees.
Date: October 23, 2002
Creator: Hardy-Vincent, Carol & Boren, Susan
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Aqueous Zinc Bromide Waste Solidification

Description: The goal of this study was to select one or more commercially available aqueous sorbents to solidify the zinc bromide solution stored in C-Area, identify the polymer to zinc bromide solution ratio (waste loading) for the selected sorbents, and identify processing issues that require further testing in pilot-scale testing.
Date: July 23, 2002
Creator: Langton, C.A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Assessment of K Basin Sludge Volume Expansion Resulting from Uranium Corrosion During Storage

Description: K Basin sludge contains metallic uranium and uranium oxides that will corrode and hydrate during storage. The end-state (final) corrosion products will have a lower particle density and a higher void fraction (or volume fraction of sludge occupied by water) than the starting-state sludge at the beginning of storage. As the particle density and void fraction change, the volume occupied by a given mass of sludge will also change. The purpose of this report is to quantify how the various types and… more
Date: January 23, 2002
Creator: Schmidt, Andrew J. & Delegard, Calvin H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Atomic structure of highly-charged ions. Final report

Description: Atomic properties of multiply charged ions have been investigated using excitation of energetic heavy ion beams. Spectroscopy of excited atomic transitions has been applied from the visible to the extreme ultraviolet wavelength regions to provide accurate atomic structure and transition rate data in selected highly ionized atoms. High-resolution position-sensitive photon detection has been introduced for measurements in the ultraviolet region. The detailed structures of Rydberg states in highly… more
Date: May 23, 2002
Creator: Livingston, A. Eugene
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Automobile and Light Truck Fuel Economy: The CAFE Standards

Description: One of the least controversial provisions of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (P.L. 94-163) established corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards for new passenger cars. This report presents a brief background and analysis regarding the price of crude oil that brought into sharp focus the fuel inefficiency of U.S. automobiles. The report also discusses the previous issues and the most recent developments regarding CAFE.
Date: December 23, 2002
Creator: Bamberger, Robert L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Bends and momentum dispersion during final compression in heavy ion fusion drivers

Description: Between the accelerator and fusion chamber the heavy ion beams are subject to a dramatic but vital series of manipulations, some of which are carried out simultaneously and involve large space charge forces. The beams' quality must be maintained at a level sufficient for the fusion application; this general requirement significantly impacts beam line design, especially in the considerations of momentum dispersion. Immediately prior to final focus onto a fusion target, heavy ion driver beams are… more
Date: January 23, 2002
Creator: Lee, Edward P. & Barnard, John J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
open access

Budget Enforcement Procedures: Senate Pay-As-You-Go (PAYGO) Rule

Description: The Senate “pay-as-you-go,” or PAYGO, rule generally requires that any legislation increasing direct spending or reducing revenues be offset. A motion to waive the rule requires an affirmative vote of three-fifths of the membership (i.e., 60 Senators if no seats are vacant). Beginning in 1993, six points of order under the PAYGO rule have been raised against an entire bill or an amendment. Of these six points of order, four were sustained and two fell upon the adoption of a waiver motion.
Date: September 23, 2002
Creator: Heniff, Bill, Jr.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Calibration of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Passive-Active Neutron Drum Shuffler for Measurement of Highly Enriched Uranium in Mixed Oxide

Description: As a follow-on to the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) effort to calibrate the LLNL passive-active neutron drum (PAN) shuffler for measurement of highly enriched uranium (HEU) oxide, a method has been developed to extend the use of the PAN shuffler to the measurement of HEU in mixed uranium-plutonium (U-Pu) oxide. This method uses the current LLNL HEU oxide calibration algorithms, appropriately corrected for the mixed U-Pu oxide assay time, and recently developed PuO{sub 2} calibra… more
Date: May 23, 2002
Creator: Mount, M.; O'Connell, W.; Cochran, C.; Rinard, P.; Dearborn, D. & Endres, E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
open access

Capital Punishment: An Overview of Federal Death Penalty Statutes

Description: This report lists the current federal capital offenses and summarizes the procedures for federal civilian death penalty cases. Several laws are relevant to the topic including: P.L. 103-322, the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994; the Anti-terrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996; and P.L. 107-197, the Terrorist Bombings Convention Implementation Act of 2002.
Date: July 23, 2002
Creator: Bazan, Elizabeth B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Caribbean Basin Interim Trade Program: CBI/NAFTA Parity

Description: The entry into force, on January 1, 1994, of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has eliminated the advantage that the beneficiaries of the Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act (CBERA) and related provisions of the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI) had enjoyed in trade with the United States relative to Mexico, and gave Mexico an increasingly significant competitive edge over the CBERA countries. The scheduled further implementation of the NAFTA would have resulted in a substantial … more
Date: May 23, 2002
Creator: Pregelj, Vladimir N.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

Characterizing Tissue with Acoustic Parameters Derived from Ultrasound Data

Description: In contrast to standard reflection ultrasound (US), transmission US holds the promise of more thorough tissue characterization by generating quantitative acoustic parameters. We compare results from a conventional US scanner with data acquired using an experimental circular scanner operating at frequencies of 0.3 - 1.5 MHz. Data were obtained on phantoms and a normal, formalin-fixed, excised breast. Both reflection and transmission-based algorithms were used to generate images of reflectivity, … more
Date: January 23, 2002
Creator: Littrup, P.; Duric, N.; Leach, R. R.; Azevedo, S. G.; Candy, J. V.; Moore, T. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
open access

Comparison Between Keyhole Weld Model and Laser Welding Experiments

Description: A series of laser welds were performed using a high-power diode-pumped continuous-wave Nd:YAG laser welder. In a previous study, the experimental results of those welds were examined, and the effects that changes in incident power and various welding parameters had on weld geometry were investigated. In this report, the fusion zones of the laser welds are compared with those predicted from a laser keyhole weld simulation model for stainless steels (304L and 21-6-9), vanadium, and tantalum. The … more
Date: September 23, 2002
Creator: Wood, B C; Palmer, T A & Elmer, J W
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
open access

The complete mitochondrial sequence of the"living fossil" Tricholepidion gertschi: structure, phylogenetic implications, and the description of a novel A/T asymmetrical bias

Description: Traditionally, the 'Apterygota' has been thought to consist of five orders of wingless hexapods (Protura, Collembola, Diplura, Microcoryphia and Zygentoma) believed to be collectively basal to insects (i.e., the Pterygota). However, some studies have questioned this affinity with insects (Dallai, Abele, Spears, Nardi). Further, within these groups are hotly debated issues, including the monophyly of Entognata (Koch, 1997; Kukalova Peck, 1987), the monophyly of Diplura (Bilinski, 1993; Stys and … more
Date: June 23, 2002
Creator: Nardi, F.; Frati, F.; Carapelli, A.; Dallai, R. & Boore, J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
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