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1. K+ Charge Exchange - Search For K+ Charge Exchange: An experiment was designed utilizing a charge-exchange reaction to study the decay and interactions of the neutral K mesons produced. The experiment produced no events that could be interpreted as either the decay or interaction of neutral K mesons. The nature of the experiment and the possible explanations of this unexpected result are presented in this paper.
An 8-Matrix Theory of the Vertex p - NN Based on the Strip Approximation: The present study was motivated by an attempt to understand low energy [formula] scattering within the framework of the bootstrap principle and the un-Reggeized version of the strip approximation. This work attempts to generate low energy [formula] scattering in the p(1,1) and p(3,3) states assuming the potential operating in these states is generated by the exchange of low mass meson states in the crossed t-channel and low mass baryon states in the crossed u channel. In particular, the p-meson is kept in channel t; the p mass and the coupling of [formula] and [formula] appear as parameters. The parameters of the nucleon and (3,3) poles are taken as the elements to be determined by self-consistency.
300-KV Pulser Transformer and Pulser.: Photographs and working drawings are presented for a small (approximately 4.25 X 7 X 9 inch) 300Kv pulse transformer having double-conical secondaries each with a corona ring at its greatest diameter. The pulser circuit is shown but no text is included.
Absolute Cross Sections of the Reaction P + P - w+ + d: Absolute differential cross sections for the reaction p + p - w+ + d were obtained by detecting meson-deuteron coincidences produced by passing the 340-Mev external proton beam of the Berkeley synchro-cyclotron through a liquid hydrogen target.
An Adiabatic Motion Of Charged Particles In Electromagnetic Fields: The guiding center motion and the adiabatic invariants of charged particle trajectories in electromagnetic fields are treated in this review. General and specific theories of charged particle motion are also reviewed.
Alkyl Phosphoric Acids as Extraction Agents for Uranium: The recent interest in tributyl phosphate as an extracting solvent for uranium indicated that consideration of n-butyl phosphoric acid for this application might be of interest if some way could be devised to overcome the manipulation and miscibility difficulties. It was found that if the material was placed in any one of a number of carrier solvents, it had a remarkably strong extractive effect on uranyl ion out of acid solutions without a salting agent present.
An Alternate Interpretation of the Results on then p-Meson Decay Electron Spectrum: We have preliminarily reported the interpretation of our experimental results that the intensity of the spectrum at the maximum energy was zero. But, as reported in the second paper UCRL-1261 we found that the results may also be fitted to a different spectrum with finite intensity at the maximum energy. Quite recently, however, the most probable value for the mass of the p-meson has been revised by two independent groups based on two different experiments.
Analysis of the Energy of Neutrons Emerging from the Target by Means of Their Spatial Distribution: As there is no accurate measurements of the energy distribution of neutrons emerging from large uranium blocks, it becomes of importance to see how much information of this kind can be derived from the slowing down distribution of the neutrons in a water tank.
Angular Distribution of 30.6 Mev Protons Elastically Scattered by Be, C, and Al: The motivation for the measurement of the angular distribution of elastic scattering of medium energy protons and neutrons has been clearly presented by others. They have also listed the results obtained prior to their experiments at 31.5 Mev. This is a report on some results obtained with 30.6 Mev protons scattered from Be, C, and Al.
The Angular Distribution of the Reaction p + p--d + w+ at 338 Mev: The angular distribution of the reaction p + p--w+ + d has been measured with the meson and deuteron detected in coincidence. Measurements were made at 30' and 90' in the center of mass system for an incident proton energy of 338 Mev. Similar measurements were made at 30', 60' and 90' for 332 Mev protons.
Antiproton-Nucleon Cross Sections From 0.5 To 1.0 Bev: Antiproton-production and nucleon-interaction cross sections were investigated for antiprotons in the energy range 0.5 to 1.0 Bev. The antiprotons were distinguished from other particles produced at the Bevatron by a system of scintillation- and velocity-selecting Cerenkov counters. The excitation function and momentum distribution were recorded for antiproton production in carbon and compared with statistical model expectations.
Automatic Scanning And Measuring Of Bubble Chamber Photographs: The development of high-energy charged particle accelerators such as the Bevatron and of improved nuclear-event detection devices such as the Berkeley 72-in. hydrogen bubble chamber has greatly increased the need for high-speed data reduction of nuclear events. Full exploitation of the potential of the 72-in. bubble chamber demands a very high-speed analysis system. This paper describes an approach to such a system.
BEFCYF And DBDT: IBM 704 Codes For Preparing Input For Bevatron Orbit Code (BOC): Two IBM-704 codes have been written which are auxiliary to the Bevatron orbit code BOC. The first, BEFCYF, interpolates among tabulated values of the median-plane magnetic flux density of the Bevatron to produce an equivalent array of values in a form appropriate to BOC. The second, DBDT, produces azimuthal derivatives of the fields produced by BEFCYF. The internal operation of BEFCYF and DBDT is described, and instructions for their execution are given.
The Bevatron 9.9-Mev Proton Linear Accelerator: The Bevatron requires an intense source of high energy protons. The machine should accept monoenergetic protons for a duration of approximately 500 microseconds once every 6 seconds. To satisfy the requirements of small loss due to scattering by the gas in the accelerating chamber, a 9.9-Mev linear accelerator has been built and operated.
The Biological Behavior of Organic Compounds Containing Radiophosphorus: The study was undertaken with the objective of observing the distribution in the rat of organic compounds of phosphorus labelled with the P32 isotope as tracer. The fate of several of these compounds was studied in animals bearing tumors. The distribution of inorganic phosphate in animal tissues is well known but was included in this work for comparison with the organic phosphorus compounds.
Bond Energies, Valence State Energies And Resonance¹,²: Previous attempts to interpret chemical structure in terms of x-electron resonance have been recently criticized. A reinterpretation of the lengths of the C-C bonds in terms of orbital radii has not revealed any effects of x-electron resonance in the ground states of classical molecules such as 1, 3-butadiene, methyl acetylene, etc. Even in a non-classical molecule such as benzene, resonance shortening of the CC bond is only in terms of the strengths of the hybrid orbitals. If the lengths and force constants of the C-C bonds vary with hybridization, so also must their bond energies. If resonance is not important in classical molecules, the heat of atomization of a classical molecule must be given by the sum of either the energies of the bonds or the contributions of the atoms present in it. To test this theory, we have estimated the contributions of some standard carbon atoms, viz., primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary, trigonal, and diagonal carbon atoms.
Bremsstrahlung: An electron can suffer a very large acceleration in passing through the Coulomb field of a nucleus, and in this interaction the radiant energy (photons) lost by the electrons is called bremsstrahlung (also, bremsstrahlung sometimes designates the interaction itself). If an electron whose total energy [formula] traverses matter of atomic number Z, the electron loses energy chiefly by bremsstrahlung. This case is considered here.
Calculation of Explosion-Produced Craters: In this study, a physical-numerical model is used to investigate processes important for cratering, or excavation, physics for high-explosive sources in desert alluvium. High explosives do not vaporize much of the geological environment surrounding the initial cavity containing the explosive. Thus, a relatively simple, and in some cases a well-known, equation of state exists for the high-explosive cavity gas for pressure greater than 1 atmosphere. However, nuclear explosives are known to vaporize a great deal of surrounding geological environment during the early part of cavity life history. This vaporized material is believed to condense late in the life history of the cavity, and prior to vent of the cavity gas to the atmosphere, such that the latent heat of condensation plays an important role in nuclear excavation. So far, no numerical-physical models of the response of a geologic environment to a nuclear explosive includes the effect of condensation on the hydrodynamics of late times. Thus, the calculation of the cavity pressure at late times including the effect of condensation is one of the current unsolved problems in the calculation of a crater formed by nuclear explosives. This study, then, develops a predictive, numerical-physical model for H.E. sources of the cavity life history, the earth's free-surface motion, and the formation of the lip (by up-thrust) up to the time of the vent of the cavity gas to the atmosphere.
Calculation of Geometrical Efficiency of Counters: Let F be the flux of radiation going from a sample of radius R2 to a counter of radius B1 then the emitted intensity of radiation per unit solid angle. Then the flux between two elements of area do1 and do2 will be given by [equation] since [equation] and [equation]. Calculations and equations follow.
Calculation of k-o in a Uranium-Graphite Lattice: Since the 25 content of the uranium to be used in a MTA multiplying lattice is quite uncertain at present, it is necessary to assume various degrees of depletion in order to estimate the multiplication constant K-o and the production of 49 in an infinite uranium-graphite lattice
Calculation of Shielding for Mark II Accelerator: The proper roof thickness to correspond with a given side wall thickness has been estimated fro experience with the 184 feet cyclotron, which has indicated that a roof of about 1 1/2 feet should accompany a wall of 5 feet, and a roof of 4 feet should accompany a wall of 15 feet. For the roof area involved, this should bring about the condition that down-scattered neutrons in the working areas are but a small fraction of the neutrons coming through the side walls.
Calculation Of The Shock Wave From An Underground Nuclear Explosion In Granite: In any underground nuclear explosion, the shock front that propagates from the shot point carries with it energy from the explosion, and distributes this energy by doing work on the surrounding material. In the process, the material undergoes changes in both its physical and mechanical states. If enough energy is deposited in the material, it will vaporize or melt thus changing its physical state, or cause it to crush or crack. During the past few years, special computer codes have been developed for predicting the close-in phenomena of underground nuclear explosions using the laws of physics, and the knowledge of the properties of the materials in which the detonations occur. As a consequence, a better understanding of experimental observations and measurements has evolved.
Calibration Of Bridgman Anvils, A Pressure Scale To 125 Kbars: It is shown that a radial pressure gradient exists in the silver chloride when it is used as the pressure transmitting medium in Bridgman anvils. The gradient can be obviated by the use of circular sections of wire. The center of curvature of the wire hoop is made coincident with the anvil center. When the inner and outer diameters of the pyrophyllite retaining ring are 1/2 and 7/16" respectively, the pressure, P, is P = (0.725 + 0.468R) L where R is the fractional displacement from the center, and L is the average pressure as determined from the total load and area of the anvil face. The above appears to be valid to 125 Kbars. The Bismuth 6-8 transition is found to accur at 88+3 Kbars.
Carrier-Free Separation Of Hafnium From Rare-Earth Oxides: A carrier-free separation of hafnium from several hundred milligrams of rare earth oxides by anion exchange from saturated HC1 solution is given. The procedure is completed in 4-8 hours and is suitable for remote control work.
The Characteristics of Bismuth Fission Induced by 340 Mev Protons: Bismuth metal was irradiated with 340 Mev protons in the circulating beam of the 184-inch Berkeley cyclotron. Nuclides formed as fission products during the course of the bombardment were separated and studied through the use of radiochemical techniques.
Characteristics Of Radioactivity Produced By Nuclear Explosives: The production of energy by nuclear reactions results in the production of radioactive nuclei. Therefore, in considering the possible utilization of nuclear explosives for peaceful purposes it is necessary to be able to predict the expected activities, their amounts, and dispositions. The amounts and kinds of radioactivities produced by detonation of a nuclear explosive are dependent upon the specific design of the explosive. The behavior and ultimate fate of the activities produced by the explosion depend on the composition of the medium in which the detonation occurs, the nature of the detonation, and the chemical species involved.
The Chelate Process, IV. Process Flow Involving o-Dichlorobenzene as the Solvent for TTA: Comparative studies of a series of halogenated solvents, as carriers for TTA in the chelate process for plutonium extraction, indicate that ortho-dichlorobenzene most nearly satisfies the requirements that are set forth. A complete process design is presented for use with this solvent, and flow data and equipment capacities are given for dissolver solution and for uranium-free fission product solution as alternate feeds to the process.
The Chelate Process: [Part] 5. Investigation in Horizontal Extractors: The recovery of plutonium has been demonstrated in a laboratory countercurrent horizontal extractor using the TTA process. Using three extractive stages and two washing stages in each step, a recovery of 91 percent has been obtained in the chelation step and a recovery of 99.9+ percent in the de-chelation step. With five extractive stages, recoveries of 94-98 percent have been found for the chelation step.
Chemical Reactions In Crossed Molecular Beams: Even in its present primitive stage the molecular beam method promises to open up many opportunities for detailed studies of reactive collisions. The early results described here have revealed several features inaccessible to the traditional methods of kinetics. We hope this program of beam studies will ultimately provide the basis for constructing a theory of the molecular mechanics of reactions. By borrowing what are now everyday techniques in nuclear physics (modulation of the beams; mass analysis and counting of detected ions) it appears possible to gain from four to six orders of magnitude.
Chemistry Division Quarterly Report: December, 1952, January, February, 1953 - The Solubility of Hydrogen and Deuterium in Various Solvents: In the past year, exploratory data have been taken to determine the relative solubilities of hydrogen and deuterium in various solvents in the vicinity of room temperature and atmospheric pressure. This investigation is one phase of a program to determine the feasibility of separating deuterium from hydrogen by means of rectified absorption.
Chemistry Division Quarterly Report: June, July and August, 1950: Quarterly progress report on various research projects conducted at the University of California Radiation Laboratory.
Chemistry Division Quarterly Report: June, July, August, 1953: Quarterly updates on nuclear chemistry, bio-organic chemistry, general chemistry, chemical engineering (process chemistry).
Chemistry Division Quarterly Report: March, April and May, 1950: A quarterly summary of reports that have been published on research being conducted at the University of California Radiation Laboratory
Chemistry Division Quarterly Report March, April, May 1952: Quarterly progress reports on various projects in the Chemistry Division.
Chemistry Division Quarterly Report: September, October and November, 1948: A quarterly report consisting of reports published on Transuranic Elements from the University of California Radiation Laboratory. Each report is a brief one to two page summaries of the article submitted for publication during the months of September-November, 1948.
Chemistry Division Quarterly Report: September, October, November, 1950: Quarterly progress report on various research projects conducted at the University of California Radiation Laboratory
Chemistry Division Quarterly Report: September, October, November, 1952: Quarterly progress report for the Chemistry Division of the University of California Radiation Laboratory: nuclear chemistry, bio-organic chemistry, metals and high temperature thermodynamics, basic chemistry, and chemical engineering.
The Class of Shocks With Uniform Pressure: If a piston with constant velocity moves into a shock tube containing material at rest and at uniform density, the result is well known and trivial. The shock propagates with uniform speed, the state and speed of the material behind the shock is constant. One can ask if similar flows exist for cylindrical of spherical symmetry. Quickly one rules out the possibility of a solution which retains all the properties of this trivial solution. One asks if there are any solutions such that the material behind the shock is not accelerated. Indeed, there are. In the following, it is shown that for a y-law gas, there is a family of densities such that if a piston moves into the material with uniform velocity, the material behind the shock is not accelerated. Further, these are the only densities with this property. In the case of planar symmetry, the trivial case mentioned above is a member of the family, as is to be expected.
Close-Capture Adsorption System For Remote Radioisotope Chemistry: Molecular sieves are synthetic zeolites which, when dehydrated, contain a network of empty pores and cavities that constitute almost 50% of the total volume of the crystals. They have the unique property of adsorbing within these cavities only those molecules that are small enough to pass through the pores of the crystals, Molecular sieves have a very strong affinity for water and other polar molecules. It is this selective property plus their stability and reasonable cost that make them of interest for the application described herein.
The Cloverleaf Cyclotron Three Phase Radiofrequency System: The geometry of the magnetic pole structure in the cloverleaf cyclotron suggests the use of three dees excited by three phase rf placed in the valleys out of the way of the beam. Experience with the model machines indicates that it is desirable to be able to vary the phase angles between the three dee voltages through 30 or 40 degrees and to be able to maintain them at any given value within plus or minus one degree. It is desirable, also, to be able to vary the phase angle independently of the amplitude of the dee voltages. There are several possible ways of meeting these requirements. The one which was chosen appears to be the most flexible and to best meet the problems presented by the center geometry of the machine.
Code Listings for the Floss III - Compatible Programs Including Floss Type 3 and Type 12, Nomac, and Dash N: FLOSS III is a third-generation version of a digital computer program which solves a one-dimensional difference representation of the momentum, energy, continuity, and state equations for turbulent, compressible gas flow in equivalent hydraulic channels. Extensive use of this program has been employed in the design and performance analyses of Pluto-type nuclear heat exchangers, and in the specific case of the Tory II-A test series, agreement was obtained to better than 5% for all experimentally measured parameters. The NOMAC and DASH-N programs combine the effects of up to thirty varieties of channels with the dependent boundary conditions imposed by a common inlet diffuser and exit nozzle. The resulting calculations yield performance information for blow-down facility and ramjet flight condition application of the heat exchanger.
Color Production From Energetic Ions Impinging On Metals: It has been observed that energetic gaseous ions mark their region of impingement on certain metals in color. Under identical conditions of bombardment, multicharged ions of the same gas mark their impact areas with different colors. The colors are sensitive to the type and energy of the ion as well as to the metal bombarded. These colors may result from reflections from thin films formed by reactions at the target. Because the colors indicate that thicker films are produced with increased ion energy, ion penetration depth as predicted by theory is compared with the depth indicated by the colors observed.
Comparative Costs Of Sea Disposal And Land Burial For The Radioactive Wastes Of The Lawrence Radiation Laboratory: This report is a comparative cost study of radioactive waste disposal for the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory (UCRL). In particular, it compares the costs of sea disposal in depths of 1000 fathoms and of 2000 fathoms off the California coast with land burial of the wastes at the Hanford Atomic Products Operation (HAPO), Richland, Washington, at the National Reactor Testing Station (NRTS), Idaho Falls, Idaho, or at the Nevada Test Site (NTS), Nevada. In the comparison, the cost of utilizing a commercial waste-disposal firm is also shown as well as a tentative cost of using the Military Sea Transport Service (MSTS).
The Complete Bound Spectrum Of The Negative Hydrogen Ion: Ever since the existence of a bound state of Hydrogen was discovered, it has been uncertain whether any other bound states existed. In addition to its importance in astrophysics this question has also come up in discussions of the scattering of electrons from hydrogen. To settle this problem it is necessary to calculate lower bounds for the eigenvalues of the Schrodinger equation. A simple calculation has been carried out for the problem of the negative hydrogen ion.
Complex Ions of Lanthanum in Aqueous Solutions: The complexing of lanthanum by various anions and weak acids was investigated by observing the light absorption of the complex formed with thenoyltrifluoracetone (TTA). This species showed the properties needed for a satisfactory specgtrophotometric method of analysis.
Considerations on the Effect of Beam-Dee Coupling in a Cyclotron RF System: Analysis of the problem of accelerating ions in a Thomas cyclotron has been confined almost entirely to the integration of various equations of motion (for single particles) for which a complete field description is necessary. In contrast, the problem of principal interest to rf system engineers concerns the gross transfer of electrical energy from an rf generator into an accelerated beam.
Contained Nuclear Detonations in Four Media - Geological Factors in Cavity and Chimney Formation: Recent underground nuclear tests conducted by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission have yielded data on the effects of contained nuclear explosions in four rock mediums: tuff, alluvium, rock salt, and granite. This report presents and compares data obtained primarily through exploratory mining and drilling into the postshot environment of 35 such events.
Convergence and Summability of Orthogonal Series: Consider an orthogonal series [formula] where [formula] is an arbitrary orthonormal system for the interval (a, b) and [formula] is a sequence of real numbers. This report is a collection of theorems which give sufficient conditions for the convergence almost everywhere in (a, b) and summability a. e. in (a, b) of the above series.
Cosmic Rays From Large Supernovae: The theory of the hydrodynamic origin of cosmic rays proposed by Johnson and the author (Colgate) has developed to the point where the final evolution of a star to the supernova instability and subsequent explosion can be described with sufficient detail such that cosmic rays with appropriate intensity, composition, and spectrum to account for observations are a logical and necessary result. In the first publication it was pointed out that nuclei in the surface of the star may acquire many orders or magnitude more than the average energy per particle released in the explosion because of the large ratio of matter density between the core and the outer mantle. A shock from a sudden pressure increase in the core intensifies as it advances into lower-density material, thereby imparting extreme relativistic energies to the outermost layers. The shock wave was assumed on the basis that the observed explosion occurred in a time short compared to the traversal time of sound across the dimensions of the star. It was argued without proof that an adiabatic process would be inconsistent with the accepted gravitational instability as the trigger mechanism. In an attempt to confirm this supposition we extend the hydrodynamic calculations to describe in detail the initial gravitational unstable collapse of a highly evolved massive star as first predicted by Burbidge et al.
Cratering Experience With Chemical And Nuclear Explosives: Over the past 13 years a considerable body of data on explosive cratering has been developed for application to nuclear excavation projects. These data were obtained from some ten cratering programs using chemical explosives (TNT or nitromethane) and seven nuclear cratering detonations. The types of media studied have ranged from marine muck to hard, dry basalt, although most effort has been devoted to craters in NTS desert alluvium and basalt. Considerable effort has also been devoted to the study with chemical explosives of the use of linear explosives and rows of point charges. This paper is intended to be a summary of these data and a statement of the understanding which has been developed from them.

UNT Libraries Government Documents Department - 299 Matching Results

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