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Description: This article discusses a web-based multi-genome synteny viewer for customized data. Background: Web-based synteny visualization tools are important for sharing data and revealing patterns of complicated genome conservation and rearrangements. Such tools should allow biologists to upload genomic data for their own analysis. This requirement is critical because individual biologists are generating large amounts of genomic sequences that quickly overwhelm any centralized web resources to collect and display all those data. Recently, the authors published a web-based synteny viewer, GSV, which was designed to satisfy the above requirement. However, GSV can only compare two genomes at a given time. Extending the functionality of GSV to visualize multiple genomes is important to meet the increasing demand of the research community. Results: The authors have developed a multi-Genome Synteny Viewer (mGSV). Similar to GSV, mGSV is a web-based tool that allows users to upload their own genomic data files for visualization. Multiple genomes can be presented in a single integrated view with an enhanced user interface. Users can navigate through all selected genomes in either pairwise or multiple viewing mode to examine conserved genomic regions as well as the accompanying genome annotations. Besides serving users who manually interact with the web server, ...

Description: This article discusses controllable enhanced dragging of light in ultradispersive media. Abstract: We have theoretically demonstrated an enhanced Fizeau effect due to dragging the light that occurs when the group velocity of light is ultraslow. The proposed experiment can be done in a cell of atomic Rb vapor under conditions such that the group velocity of light is of the order of a few hundred meters per second. We show theoretically that higher-order dispersion can influence the Fizeau effect and can be observed experimentally. It has been shown that the change of phase is sensitive to the motion of the cell with the speed of the order of 10⁻³ cm/s and for possible displacements as small as 10 Å. The enhanced dragging effect can be applied for position control, detection of slow mechanical motion, and efficient modulators of light.

Description: This article discusses charge transfer equilibria in ambient-exposed epitaxial graphene on (0001) 6 H-SiC. Abstract: The transport properties of electronic materials have been long interpreted independently from both the underlying bulk-like behavior of the substrate or the influence of ambient gases. This is no longer the case for ultra-thin graphene whose properties are dominated by the interfaces between the active material and its surroundings. Here, the authors show that the graphene interactions with its environments are critical for the electrostatic and electrochemical equilibrium of the active device layers and their transport properties. Based on the prototypical case of epitaxial graphene on (0001) 6 H-SiC and using a combination of 'in-situ' thermoelectric power and resistance measurements and simulations from first principles, the authors demonstrate that the cooperative occurrence of an electrochemically mediated charge transfer from the graphene to air, combined with the peculiar electronic structure of the graphene/SiC interface, explains the wide variation of measured conductivity and charge carrier type found in prior reports.

Description: This paper discusses the University of North Texas' (UNT) Center for the Study of Interdisciplinarity (CSID), where philosophers continue to examine the value of knowledge. The authors also discuss one example of CSID's work with the Comparative Assessment of Peer Review (CAPR) project. CAPR is a four-year project (2008-2012) studying the changing nature of peer review processes across six U.S. and foreign public science agencies. CAPR is funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation's (NSF) Science of Science and Innovation Policy (SciSIP) program.