- Comparative Assessment of Peer Review (CAPR): EU/US workshop on peer review: Assessing "broader impact" in research grant applications
- This is the report of a workshop focusing on the use of broader societal impacts criteria as part of the review process at the European Commission. There is both a historical account and some thinking about how 'impact' ought to be incorporated into Horizon 2020 (the funding scheme formerly known as FP8). Since the US NSF is also currently rethinking the details of its merit review process, and since there is an interesting comparison between NSF's and the EC's approaches to impact, the authors have also included a focus on NSF's Broader Impacts Criterion. The workshop was both a research opportunity (under SciSIP grant #0830387) and an effort to use that research to help inform policy for science (in terms of informing peer review models). digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc86179/
- Comparative Assessment of Peer Review: Project Outcomes Report
- This report discusses the Comparative Assessment of Peer Review (CAPR) project outcomes. Public funding agencies are required to demonstrate accountability to their government funders (e.g., Congress) as well as to the public. Some agencies - including the US National Science Foundation (NSF) - have used broader societal impacts criteria as part of the review process of grant proposals in order to connect scientific research to societal needs. But these agencies have often encountered questions from scientists and engineers for how to integrate such demands for broader societal impacts into their research proposals. In an effort to help clarify the idea of broader impacts, in 2010 NSF and Congress proposed a list of national needs that NSF-funded research would be required to meet. But was this the best solution? This report discusses the authors' research. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc139466/
- Complex Materials for Molecular Spintronics Applications: Cobalt Bis(dioxolene) Valence Tautomers, from Molecules to Polymers
- This article discusses complex materials for molecular spintronics applications. Abstract: Using first principles calculations, the authors predict a complex multifunctional behavior in cobalt bis(dioxolene) valence tautomeric compounds. Molecular spin-state switching is shown to dramatically alter electronic properties and corresponding transport properties. This spin state dependence has been demonstrated for technologically relevant coordination polymers of valence tautomers as well as for novel conjugated polymers with valence tautomeric functionalization. As a result, these materials are proposed as promising candidates for spintronic devices that can couple magnetic bistability with novel electrical and spin conduction properties. The authors' findings pave the way to the fundamental understanding and future design of active multifunctional organic materials for spintronics applications. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc132994/
- Computational criteria for establishing reflex from plasticity to hardwiring
- This article accompanies a poster presentation on computational criteria for establishing reflex from plasticity to hardwiring. The role of synaptic plasticity in associative learning has been explored extensively computationally. Yet, the computational mechanism for hardwiring of the neural circuit has only been addressed recently using a systems approach of whole-animal behavior based on an evolutionary process for survival. In this paper, the authors will explore the computational criteria needed to establish the hardwiring of reflex. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc122150/
- Construyendo una Red Chilena para Estudios Socioecológicos a Largo Plazo: Avances, enfoques y relevancia
- This article discusses building a Chilean network for long-term socio-ecological research. Abstract: Since their formal inception in 1980, long-term ecological research (LTER) programs have served as a successful organizing framework to create research agendas and funding mechanisms that allow scientists to address meaningful ecological phenomena at the scales they occur. In its 30 years of existence, LTER has expanded its geographic range (currently the International LTER network has more than 40 country members with sites on every continent) and disciplinary foci (principally encompassing the natural and social sciences and leading some to call for a name change to long-term socio-ecological research efforts exist in both Chile and Argentina, and in 2008, the Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity launched Chile's first concerted effort to link three existing sites (Fray Jorge Forest National Park -33° S, Senda Darwin Biological Station - 43° S, and Omora Ethnobotanical Park - 55° S). Here, the authors present a special feature of the Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, dedicated to LTSER, with the aim of 1) providing a synthesis of some of the most emblematic cases of long-term socio-ecological research in Chile; 2) demonstrating the value of these efforts for the integration of research, education and social outcomes, such as decision making; and 3) offering the perspective of a broad array of participants involved in these initiatives, including graduate students with associated programs from Ibero-America and North America and North America. It is the authors' hope that these compiled works will contribute to the consolidation of the LTSER approach in southern South America both within the academic community and also to better link academia and society. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc97936/
- Contributing factors in judgement of fairness by monetary value
- This article accompanies a poster presentation on contributing factors in judgement of fairness by monetary value. Given that the authors have developed for emotional response (Emotional-Gain Model) and a model for fairness (Fairness-Equity Model) that quantified emotional bias and fairness bias, the authors will use these models to reveal the hidden factors contributing to the emotional bias and fairness bias. Using the Ultimatum Game (UG) with human subjects to split a sum of money, the authors compare the responses between sharing $10 vs. $10 million. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc122155/
- Control of Root Architecture and Nodulation by the LATD/NIP Transporter
- This article discusses root architecture and nodulation. Abstract: The Medicago truncatula LATD/NIP gene is essential for the development of lateral and primary root and nitrogen-fixing nodule meristems as well as for rhizobial invasion of nodules. LATD/NIP encodes a member of the NRT1(PTR1) nitrate and di-and tri-peptide transporter family, suggesting that its function is to transport one of these or another compound(s). Because latd/nip mutants can have their lateral and primary root defects rescued by ABA, ABA is a potential substrate for transport. LATD/NIP expression in the root meristem was demonstrated to be regulated by auxin, cytokinin and abscisic acid, but not by nitrate. LATD/NIP's potential function and its role in coordinating root architecture and nodule formation are discussed. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc40391/
- Controllable enhanced dragging of light in ultradispersive media
- This article discusses controllable enhanced dragging of light in ultradispersive media. Abstract: We have theoretically demonstrated an enhanced Fizeau effect due to dragging the light that occurs when the group velocity of light is ultraslow. The proposed experiment can be done in a cell of atomic Rb vapor under conditions such that the group velocity of light is of the order of a few hundred meters per second. We show theoretically that higher-order dispersion can influence the Fizeau effect and can be observed experimentally. It has been shown that the change of phase is sensitive to the motion of the cell with the speed of the order of 10⁻³ cm/s and for possible displacements as small as 10 Å. The enhanced dragging effect can be applied for position control, detection of slow mechanical motion, and efficient modulators of light. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103255/
- Cooperation in neural systems: Bridging complexity and periodicity
- This article discusses cooperation in neural systems. Abstract: Inverse power law distributions are generally interpreted as a manifestation of complexity, and waiting time distributions with power index μ < 2 reflect the occurrence of ergodicity-breaking renewal events. In this paper we show how to combine these properties with the apparently foreign clocklike nature of biological processes. We use a two-dimensional regular network of leaky integrate-and-fire neurons, each of which is linked to its four nearest neighbors, to show that both complexity and periodicity are generated by locality breakdown: Links of increasing strength have the effect of turning local interactions into long-range interactions, thereby generating time complexity followed by time periodicity. Increasing the density of neuron firings reduces the influence of periodicity, thus creating a cooperation-induced renewal condition that is distinctly non-Poissonian. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc132986/
- Cooperation-induced topological complexity: a promising road to fault tolerance and Hebbian learning
- This article discusses cooperation-induced topological complexity. Abstract: According to an increasing number of researchers intelligence emerges from criticality as a consequence of locality breakdown and long-range correlation, well known properties of phase transition processes. The authors study a model of interacting units, as an idealization of real cooperative systems such as the brain or a flock of birds, for the purpose of discussing the emergence of long-range correlation from the coupling of any unit with its nearest neighbors. The authors focus on the critical condition that has been recently shown to maximize information transport and the authors study the topological structure of the network of dynamically linked nodes. Although the topology of this network depends on the arbitrary choice of correlation threshold, namely the correlation intensity selected to establish a link between two nodes; the numerical calculations of this paper afford some important indications on the dynamically induced topology. The first important property is the emergence of a perception length as large as the flock size, thanks to some nodes with a large number of links, thus playing the leadership role. All the units are equivalent and leadership moves in time from one to another set of nodes, thereby insuring fault tolerance. Then the authors focus on the correlation threshold generating a scale-free topology with power index v ≈ 1 and the authors find that if this topological structure is selected to establish consensus through the linked nodes, the control parameter necessary to generate criticality is close to the critical value corresponding to the all-to-all coupling condition. The authors find that criticality in this case generates also a third state, corresponding to a total lack of consensus. However, the authors make a numerical analysis of the dynamically induced network, and the authors find that it consists of two almost independent structures, each of which is equivalent to a network in the all-to-all coupling condition. This observation confirms that cooperation makes the system evolve toward favoring consensus topological structures. The authors argue that these results are compatible with both Hebbian learning and fault tolerance. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc132972/
- Cooperative Effects in the Annelation of Benzene by Multiple Etheno Groups
- This article discusses cooperative effects in the annelation of benzene by multiple etheno groups. Abstract: The results of B3LYP/6-31G(d) calculations show that there is a strong cooperative effect on the energies that result from annelating benzene with 1, 2, and 3 etheno groups, to form 3, 4, and 5 respectively. The etheno annelation energies have been decomposed into two major contributors - etheno annelation, with all the bonds in the six-membered ring constrained to have the same C-C bond length as in D6h benzene, and optimization of the C-C bond lengths in the annelated benzene ring. The energies computed for each of these two steps show that the etheno groups behave cooperatively in both of them. The origin of the cooperativity, calculated for each step, is described and discussed. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc71793/
- Correlation of solute transfer into alkane solvents from water and from the gas phase with updated Abraham model equations
- This article discusses the correlation of solute transfer into alkane solvents from water and from the gas phase with updated Abraham model equations. Abstract: Literature data regarding partitioning of compounds from the gas phase to alkanes and from water to alkanes have been compiled and analyzed in accord with the Abraham solvation parameter model. Mathematical correlations have been developed for describing the partitioning behavior of organic solutes and gases into hexane, heptane, octane and decane. Derived mathematical expressions were found to predict the available partition coefficient data to within 0.15 log units or better. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc152452/
- Correlation of Solute Transfer Into Toluene and Ethylbenzene from Water and from the Gas Phase Based on the Abraham Model
- This article discusses correlation of solute transfer into toluene and ethylbenzene from water and from the gas phase based on the Abraham model. Experimental data have been compiled from the published literature on the partition coefficients of solutes and vapors into ethylbenzene and toluene at 298 K. The logarithms of the water-to-ethylbenzene and water-to-toluene partition coefficients, log P, and gas-to-ehtylbenzene and gas-to-toluene partition coefficients, log K, were correlated with the Abraham solvation parameter model. The derived mathematical expressions described the observed log P and log K data for the two aromatic hydrocarbon solvents to within average deviations of 0.13 log units or less. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc152451/
- Criticality and Transmission of Information in a Swarm of Cooperative Units
- This article discusses criticality and transmission of information in a swarm of cooperative units. Abstract: We show that the intelligence of a swarm of cooperative units (birds) emerges at criticality, as an effect of the joint action of frequent organizational collapses and of spatial correlation as extended as the flock size. The organizational collapses make the birds become independent of one another, thereby allowing the flock to follow the direction of the lookout birds. Long-range correlation violates the principle of locality, making the lookout birds transmit information on either danger or resources with a time delay determined by the time distance between two consecutive collapses. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc40392/
- Current Applications of Computational Chemistry in JACS - Molecules, Mechanisms, and Materials
- This article discusses current applications of computational chemistry. This virtual issue of JACS Select is devoted to some of the computation chemistry that has recently been published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society (JACS). The 25 articles and Communications that appear in this issue of JACS Select were chosen on the basis of the enthusiasm of the referees for these manuscripts when they were reviewed, as well as on the number of times each of these articles has been accessed online since its publication. Diversity of subject matter was not a criterion used in selecting these 25 articles from the ca. 50 well-reviewed, frequently accessed articles that were initially considered. However, inspection of the list of the subjects covered - from amyloid fibril polymorphism to nucleation of amorphous calcium carbonate; from the structure of solid Li(NH3)4 to the role that solvation plays in the Thorpe-Ingold effect; and to the nonstatistical, gas-phase dynamics of [1,5] hydrogen shifts in chemically activated cyclopentadiene - reveals the diverse nature of some of the best papers in computational chemistry that have been published recently in JACS. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc71807/
- Current Behavioral and Psychosocial Interventions for HIV/AIDS
- This presentation is part of the faculty lecture series UNT Speaks Out on AIDS. This presentation discusses recent directions in psychosocial research on HIV/AIDS in the United States. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc71782/
- Cyclooctatetraenes Tetrakis-Annelated with α-Dithio- or α-Diselenocarbonyl Groups: Diradicals Predicted To Have Ground States with 10 π Electrons in the Eight-Membered Ring and Two-Center, Three-Electron, σ Bonds between Two Pairs of Chalcogen Atoms
- This article discusses cyclooctatetraenes. Abstract: (U)B3LYP calculations with the 6-31+G(d) and 6-311+G(2df) basis sets have been carried out on cyclooctatetraenes 6 and 7, in which the COT ring is tetrakis-annelated with α-dithio- or α-diselenocarbonyl groups. Transferring two electrons from the high-lying b1g and eu σ MOs in 6 and 7 into the unoccupied, nonbonding, COT π orbital is computed to be energetically favorable. The lowest D4h electronic state is calculated to be 3Eu, which formally contains 10 π electrons in the eight-membered ring and has two unpaired electrons in σ MOs. The 3Eu state undergoes a first-order Jahn-Teller distortion to form 6d and 7d, in which the pair of one-electron holes in the σ MOs is stabilized by the formation of two, two-center, three-electron bonds between pairs of chalcogen atoms that are diagonally across the eight-membered ring from each other. The corresponding open-shell singlets are computed to be about 1 kcal/mol lower in energy than the Jahn-Teller distorted triplets. Molecules 6i and 7i, in which the C-C bond in one four-membered ring is cleaved, are computed to be lower in energy than 6d and 7d. However, a substantial barrier is predicted to separate each of the two pairs of isomers so that 6d and 7d should, at least in principle, be isolable. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc71813/
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase commonly used for negative selection in transgenic plants causes growth anomalies by disrupting brassinosteroid signaling
- This article discusses a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase. Abstract: Background: Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases form a large superfamily of enzymes that catalyze diverse reactions. The P450su1 gene from the soil bacteria Streptomyces griseolus encodes CYP105A1 which acts on various substrates including sulfonylurea herbicides, vitamin D, coumarins, and based on the work presented here, brassinosteroids. P450su1 is used as a negative-selection marker in plants because CYP105A1 converts the relatively benign sulfonyl urea pro-herbicide R7402 into a highly phytotoxic product. Consistent with its use for negative selection, transgenic Arabidopsis plants were generated with P450su1 situated between recognition sequences for FLP recombinase from yeast to select for recombinase-mediated excision. However, unexpected and prominent developmental aberrations resembling those described for mutants defective in brassinosteroid signaling were observed in many of the lines. Results: The phenotypes of the most affected lines included severe stunting, leaf curling, darkened leaves characteristic of anthocyanin accumulation, delayed transition to flowering, low pollen and seed yields, and delayed senescence. Phenotype severity correlated with P450su1 transcript abundance, but not with transcript abundance of other experimental genes, strongly implicating CYP105A1 as responsible for the defects. Germination and seedling growth of transgenic and control lines in the presence and absence of 24-epibrassinolide indicated that CYP105A1 disrupts brassinosteroid signaling, most likely by inactivating brassinosteroids. Conclusions: Despite prior use of this gene as a genetic tool, deleterious growth in the absence of R7402 has not been elaborated. The authors show that this gene can cause aberrant growth by disrupting brassinosteroid signaling and affecting homeostasis. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc81383/
- Dear Facebook
-
Access: Use of this item is restricted to the UNT Community.
This book chapter is written in the form of a break-up letter from the author to the social networking website, Facebook. It discusses social networking, technological changes, urbanization, globalization, media technology, and philosophical ideas about society. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc83329/ - Derivation of the evolution of empathic other-regarding social emotions as compared to non-social self-regarding emotions
- This article accompanies a poster presentation on the derivation of the evolution of empathic other-regarding social emotions as compared to non-social self-regarding emotions. The present study derives the evolution of social emotions by inclusion of other-regarding concerns from the non-social emotions of self-regarding concerns. Emotional processing is a self-discovered error-correction feedback process in which computations are involved to assess the accuracy of the internal brain-generated predictions with respect to the reality, in order to increase its probability of an organism's own survival. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc122156/
- Development of Abraham model correlations for solvation characteristics of secondary and branched alcohols
- This article discusses the development of Abraham model correlations for solvation characteristics of secondary and branched alcohols. Abstract: Data have been compiled from the published literature on the partition coefficients of solutes and vapors into the anhydrous secondary and branched alcohols (2-propanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol) from both water and from the gas phase. The logarithms of the water-to-alcohol partition coefficents (log P) and gas-to-alcohol partition coefficients (log K) were correlated with the Abraham solvation parameter model. The derived correlations described the observed log P and log K values to within average standard deviations of 0.14 and 0.13 log units, respectively. The predictive abilities of the each correlation were assessed by dividing databases into a separate training set and test set. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc155632/
- Development of correlations for describing solute transfer into acyclic alcohol solvents based on the Abraham model and fragment-specific equation coefficients
- This article discusses the development of correlations for describing solute transfer into acyclic alcohol solvents based on the Abraham model and fragment-specific equation coefficients. Abstract: Gas-to-alcohol partition coefficients have been compiled for 1880 different solute-alcohol combinations, which comprised 23 acyclic alcohols. These partition coefficients were converted into water-to-alcohol partition coefficients using the corresponding gas-to-water partition coefficients. Both sets of partition coefficients were analyzed using the Abraham solvation parameter model with fragment-specific equation coefficients. The derived equations correlated the experimental gas-to-alcohol and water-to-alcohol partition coefficient data to within 0.14 and 0.15 log units, respectively. The fragment-specific equation coefficients that have been calculated for the CH3, CH2, CH, C and OH fragment groups can be combined to yield expressions capable of predicting the partition coefficients of solutes in other anhydrous alcohol solvents. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc155633/
- Discourse Variations Between Usability Tests and Usability Reports
- This article discusses the discourse variations between usability tests and usability reports. Abstract: While usability evaluation and usability testing has become an important tool in artifact assessment, little is known about what happens to usability data as it moves from usability session to usability report. In this ethnographic case study, the author investigates the variations in the language used by usability participants in user-based usability testing sessions as compared to the language used by novice usability testers in their oral reports of that usability testing session. In these comparative discourse analyses, the author assesses the consistency and continuity of the usability testing data within the purview of the individual testers conducting "do-it-yourself" usability testing. This case study of a limited population suggests that findings in oral usability reports may or may not be substantiated in the evaluations themselves, that explicit or latent biases may affect the presentation of the findings in the report, and that broader investigations, both in terms of populations and methodologies, are warranted. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc38891/
- Diversity and singularity of the avifauna in the austral peat bogs of the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve, Chile
- This article discusses diversity and singularity of the avifauna in the austral peat bogs of the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve, Chile. Abstract: Sphagnum-dominated peat bogs that are strongly embedded within the southern temperate forest matrix are increasingly being used for agriculture. Nevertheless, little is known about their biodiversity. Moreover, the remote areas of southern Chile where peat bogs are found, such as Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (CHBR, 54-55°S), where birds are the most diverse and best represented group of vertebrates, have not been well-investigated. With the aim to broaden this knowledge in the CHBR, the authors studied the diversity of the avian assemblage in peat blogs on Navarino Island. The authors compared the composition of avian species between wetlands with and without peat bogs to test if Sphagnum bogs represented a singular habitat for birds in this area. Furthermore, the 37 bird species recorded in these habitats were classified according to guild structure. The community similarity values showed that peat bogs hosted a bird composition that was different from that present in wetlands without Sphagnum, suggesting that peat bogs are a singular type of habitat for birds in the CHBR. The most frequently feeding groups recorded in these wetlands were insectivores (48.7%), followed by omnivores (23.1%). The authors' results showed that, in contrast to previous studies of birds in peat bogs, these environments constituted a distinct wetland habitat for feeding, reproduction and sheltering for some species in the CHBR. Thus, plans for the conservation and rational use of peat ecosystems should consider the high value of these habitats for biodiversity on a landscape scale, especially for birds of the southernmost extreme of the Americas. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc97950/
- Do I Look Illegal? Undocumented Latino/a Students and the Challenges of Life in the Shadows
- This presentation is part of the faculty lecture series UNT Speaks Out on Unauthorized Immigration. This presentation discusses illegal immigration and the challenges for undocumented Latino/a students. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc67614/
- Does open access really threaten peer review?
- In this paper, the author discusses whether open access threatens peer review, as implied by the Association of American Publishers in their endorsement of the Research Works Act. The author suggests that we need to experiment with new models of peer evaluation. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84328/
- Dynamics of Electroencephalogram Entropy and Pitfalls of Scaling Detection
- This article discusses dynamics of electroencephalogram entropy and pitfalls of scaling detection. Abstract: In recent studies a number of research groups have determined that human electroencephalograms (EEG) have scaling properties. In particular, a crossover between two regions with different scaling exponents has been reported. Herein the authors study the time evolution of diffusion entropy to elucidate the scaling of EGG time series. For a cohort of 20 awake healthy volunteers with closed eyes, the authors find that the diffusion entropy of EEG increments (obtained from EEG waveforms by differencing) exhibits three features: short-time growth, an alpha wave related oscillation whose amplitude gradually decays in time, and asymptotic saturation which is achieved after approximately 1 s. This analysis suggests a linear, stochastic Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Langevin equation with a quasiperiodic forcing (whose frequency and/or amplitude may vary in time) as the model for the underlying dynamics. This model captures the salient properties of EEG dynamics. In particular, both the experimental and simulated EEG time series exhibit short-time scaling which is broken by a strong periodic component, such as alpha waves. The saturation of EEG diffusion entropy precludes the existence of asymptotic scaling. We find that the crossover between two scaling regions seen in detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) of EEG increments does not originate from the underlying dynamics but is merely an artifact of the algorithm. This artifact is rooted in the failure of the "trend plus signal" paradigm of DFA. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc40408/
- The Ecoresponsive Genome of Daphnia pulex
- This article discusses the ecoresponsive genome of Daphnia pulex. Abstract: We describe the draft genome of the microcrustacean Daphnia pulex, which is only 200 megabases and contains at least 30,907 genes. The high gene count is a consequence of an elevated rate of gene duplication resulting in tandem gene clusters. More than a third of Daphnia's genes have no detectable homologs in any other available proteome, and the most amplified gene families are specific to the Daphnia lineage. The coexpansion of gene families interacting within metabolic pathways suggests that the maintenance of duplicated genes is not random, and the analysis of gene expression under different environmental conditions reveals that numerous paralogs acquire divergent expression patterns soon after duplication. Daphnia-specific genes, including many additional loci within sequenced regions that are otherwise devoid of annotations, are the most responsive genes to ecological challenges. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc78299/
- Effects of Geminal Methyl Groups on the Tunnelling Rates in the Ring Opening of Cyclopropylcarbinyl Radical at Cryogenic Temperature
- This article discusses the effects of geminal methyl groups on the tunnelling rates in the ring opening of cyclopropylcarbinyl radical at cryogenic temperature. Abstract: CVT + SCT calculations on the rate of tunnelling at 20 K in the ring opening of cyclopropylcarbinyl radical, substituted with geminal methyl groups at a ring carbon (1b), have been performed. The calculations predict that, contrary to expectations based on the effect of mass on the rate of tunnelling, the geminal methyl substituents in 1b should make the rate of ring opening to 1,1-dimethyl-3-butenyl radical (2b) 10(4) times faster than the rate of ring opening of unsubstituted cyclopropylcarbinyl radical (1a) to 3-butenyl radical (2a) and almost 10(6) times faster than the rate of ring opening of 1b to 2,2-dimethyl1-3-butenyl radical (2c). The reasons for these unexpected findings are discussed. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc71802/
- Electric Field Induced Phase Transitions in Polymers: A Novel Mechanism for High Speed Energy Storage
- This article discusses electric field induced phase transitions in polymers. Abstract: Using first-principles simulations, the authors identify the microscopic origin of the nonlinear dielectric response and high energy density of polyvinylidene-fluoride-based polymers as a cooperative transition path that connects nonpolar and polar phases of the system. This path explores a complex torsional and rotational manifold and is thermodynamically and kinetically accessible at relatively low temperatures. Furthermore, the introduction of suitable copolymers significantly alters the energy barriers between phases providing tunability of both the energy density and the critical fields. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc132987/
- Electron transport properties of bilayer graphene
- This article discusses electron transport properties of bilayer graphene. Abstract: Electron transport in bilayer graphene is studied by using a first-principles analysis and the Monte Carlo simulation under conditions relevant to potential applications. While the intrinsic properties are found to be much less desirable in bilayer than in monolayer graphene, with significantly reduced mobilities and saturation velocities, the calculation also reveals a dominant influence of extrinsic factors such as the substrate and impurities. Accordingly, the difference between two graphene forms is more muted in realistic settings, although the velocity-field characteristics remain substantially lower in the bilayer. When bilayer graphene is subject to an interlayer bias, the resulting changes in the energy dispersion lead to stronger electron scattering at the bottom of the conduction band. The mobility decreases significantly with the size of the generated band gap, whereas the saturation velocity remains largely unaffected. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc139476/
- Electronic properties of the graphene/6H-SiC(0001̅ ) interface: A first-principles study
- This article discusses electronic properties of the graphene/6H-SiC(0001̅) interface. Abstract: Using calculations from first principles, we show how the structural and electronic properties of epitaxial graphene on 6H-SiC(0001̅) are determined by the geometry and the chemical functionalization of the interface region. We also demonstrate that these properties can be correctly captured only if a proper treatment of the van der Waals interactions is included in the theoretical description based on density functional theory. Our results reproduce the experimentally observed n-type doping of monolayer epitaxial graphene and prove the possibility of opening a sizable (150 meV) energy gap in the bilayer case under special growth conditions. Depending on the details of the bonding at the interface, the authors are able to interpret recent experimental observations and provide a clear insight into the mechanisms of charge transfer and interface stability. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc139475/
- An Elementary Characterization of the Orders of Non-Abelian Groups
- In this article, the author presents an elementary proof of a result due to Dickson characterizing those integers n admitting non-abelian groups of order n. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc146578/
- Elizabeth Cady Stanton's 1854 "Address to the Legislature of New York" and the Paradox of Social Reform Rhetoric
- This article discusses Elizabeth Cady Stanton's 1854 "Address to the Legislature of New York." Elizabeth Cady Stanton is widely regarded as one of the most important women's rights orators of the nineteenth century. She is credited with opening new rhetorical spaces for women through brilliant rhetorical appeals. In her 1854 speech to the Legislature of New York, however, her brilliant rhetorical appeals were also appeals to the racist, classist, and paternalistic biases of her white male audience. A paradox of social reform is the need to simultaneously assert difference and sameness with the dominant classes, and Cady Stanton's efforts to negotiate this paradox ultimately reinforced the social hierarchy she hoped to undermine. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc146585/
- Enthalpy of Solvation Correlations for Organic Solutes and Gases Dissolved in 1-Propanol and Tetrahydrofuran
- This article discusses the enthalpy of solvation correlations for organic solutes and gases dissolved in 1-propanol and tetrahydrofuran. Abstract: Data have been assembled from the published literature on the enthalpies of solvation for 103 organic vapors and gaseous solutes in 1-propanol and for 86 gaseous compounds in tetrahydrofuran. It is shown that an Abraham solvation equation with five descriptors can be used to correlate the experimental solvation enthalpies to within standard deviations of 2.35 kJ/mole and 2.10 kJ/mole for 1-propanol and tetrahydrofuran, respectively. The derived correlations provide very accurate mathematical descriptions of the measured enthalpy of solvation data at 298 K, which in the case of 1-propanol span a range of 119 kJ/mole. Division of the experimental values into a training set and a test set shows that there is no bias in predictions, and that the predictive capability of the correlations is better than 3.5 kJ/mole. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc157291/
- Enthalpy of Solvation Correlations for Organic Solutes and Gases Dissolved in 2-Propanol, 2-Butanol, 2-Methyl-1-Propanol and Ethanol
- This article discusses the enthalpy of solvation correlations for organic solutes and gases dissolved in 2-propanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol and ethanol. Abstract: Data have been assembled from the published literature on the enthalpies of solvation for 91 organic vapors and gaseous solutes in 2-propanol, for 73 gaseous compounds in 2-butanol, for 85 gaseous compounds in 2-methyl-1-propanol and for 128 gaseous compounds in ethanol. It is shown that an Abraham solvation equation with five descriptors can be used to correlate the experimental solvation enthalpies to within standard deviations of 2.24 kJ/mole, 1.99 kJ/mole, 1.73 kJ/mole and 2.54 kJ/mole for 2-propanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol and ethanol, respectively. The derived correlations provide very accurate mathematical descriptions of the measured enthalpy of solvation data at 298 K, which in the case of ethanol span a range of 136 kJ/mole. Division of the experimental values into a training set and a test set shows that there is no bias in predictions, and that the predictive capability of the correlations is better than 3.5 kJ/mole. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc157292/
- Environmental Imagination River as Bridge
- This presentation is part of the faculty lecture series UNT Speaks Out on Water Conservation. In this presentation, the author discusses sustainable resource management and water conservation, including discussions on the Trinity River and water conservation in North Texas. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc157288/
- El Espejo, Volume 1, 2011
- El Espejo literary journal contains writing by Spanish students at the University of North Texas including essays in Spanish literature and linguistics and creative pieces such as poetry and short stories. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc130208/
- El Espejo, Volume 2, 2012
- El Espejo literary journal contains writing by Spanish students at the University of North Texas including essays in Spanish literature and linguistics and creative pieces such as poetry and short stories. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc130209/
- El Espejo, Volume 3, 2013
- El Espejo literary journal contains writing by Spanish students at the University of North Texas including essays in Spanish literature and linguistics and creative pieces such as poetry and short stories. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc146583/
- Estación Biológica Senda Darwin: Investigación ecológica de largo plazo en la interfase ciencia-sociedad
- This article discusses Senda Darwin Biological Station. Abstract: Senda Darwin Biological Station (SDBS) is a field research center immersed in the rural landscape of northern Chiloé island (42°S), where remnant patches of the original evergreen forests coexist with open pastures, secondary successional shrublands, Sphagnum bogs, Eucalyptus plantations and other anthropogenic cover types, constituting an agricultural frontier similar to other regions in Chile and Latin America. Since 1994, the authors have conducted long-term research on selected species of plants (e.g., Pilgerodendron uviferum) and animals (e.g., Aphrastura spinicauda, Dromiciops gliroides) that are considered threatened, poorly known or important for their ecological functions in local ecosystems, and on ecosystems of regional and global relevance (e.g., Sphagnum bogs, North Patagonian and Valdivian rain forests). Research has assessed the responses of species and ecosystems to anthropogenic land-use change, climate change, and the impact of management. During this period, more than 100 scientific publications in national and international journals, and 30 theses (graduate and undergraduate) have been produced by scientists and students associated with SDBS. Because of the authors' understanding of the key role that humans play in ecological processes at this agricultural frontier, since the establishment of SDBS the authors have been committed to creative research on the communication of science to society and ecological education. The integration of SDBS to the nascent Chilean network of long-term socio-ecological research will consolidate and strengthen basic and applied research to project the authors' work into the next decade. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc97946/
- Examining Error in the Technical Communication Editing Test
- This paper discusses examining errors in technical communication. Abstract: Usage error is a popular topic for technical communicators. However, its anecdotal discussions remain the best source of information on the errors that technical communicators might value over others. In this paper, the author reports the types and frequencies of errors found in 41 editing tests administered to prospective technical writers and editors. Results indicate that misspellings and faulty/missing capitalization were the most frequent and dispersed errors. Eight of the most frequent errors related to style; however, grammar punctuation errors remain the most dispersed. A larger dataset will better determine how technical communicators prioritize specific errors. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc39326/
- Experimental and Computational Studies of the Isomerization Reactions of Bidentate Phosphine Ligands in Triosmium Clusters: Kinetics of the Rearrangements from Bridged to Chelated Isomers and X-ray Structures of the Clusters Os3 (CO)10 (dppbz), 1,1-Os3 (CO)10 (dppbzF4), HOs3 (CO)9 [μ -1,2-PhP (C6H4-ɳ1) C6H4PPh2], and HOs3 (CO)9- [μ-1,2-PhP (C6H4-ɳ 1) C6F4PPh2]
- This article discusses isomerization reactions of bidentate phosphine ligands in triosmium clusters. Abstract: The diphosphine ligand 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino) benzene (dppbz) reacts with the activated cluster 1,2-Os3 (CO)10 (MeCN)2 (1) at room temperature to furnish a mixture of the triosmium clusters 1,2-Os3 (CO)10 (dppbz) (2) and 1,1-Os3 (CO)10 (dppbz) (3), along with a trace amount of the hydride cluster HOs3 (CO)9 [μ -1,2-PhP (C6H4-ɳ1) C6H4PPh2] (4). The dppbz-bridged cluster 2 forms as the kinetically controlled product and irreversibly transforms to the corresponding chelated isomer 3 at ambient temperature. The disposition of the dppbz ligand in 2 and 3 has been established by X-ray crystallography and 31P NMR spectroscopy, and the kinetics for the conversion 2 → 3 have been followed by UV-vis spectroscopy in toluene over the temperature range 318-343 K. The calculated activation parameters (ΔH‡ = 21.6(3)kcal/mol; ΔS‡ = -11(1)eu) and lack of CO inhibition support an intramolecular isomerization mechanism that involves the simultaneous migration of phosphine and CO groups about the cluster polyhedron. The reaction between 1 and the fluorinated diphosphine ligand 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino) tetrafluorobenzene (dppbzF4) was examined under similar reaction conditions and was found to afford the chelated cluster 1,1-Os3 (CO)10 (dppbzF4) (6) as the sole observable product. The absence of the expected bridged isomer 1,2-Os3 (CO)10 (dppbzF4) (5) suggests that the dppbzF4 ligand destabilizes 5, thus accounting for the rapid isomerization of 5 to 6. Near-UV irradiation of clusters 3 and 6 leads to CO loss and ortho metalation of an ancillary aryl group. The resulting hydride clusters 4 and HOs3 (CO)9 [µ-1,2-PhP(C6H4-ɳ1) C6F4PPh2] (7) have been isolated and fully characterized by spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction analyses. Both 4 and 7 react with added CO under mild conditions to regenerate 3 and 6, respectively, in quantitative yield. The rearrangements of bridged to chelated diphosphine complexes in this genre of decacarbonyl clusters have been investigated by DFT calculations. The computational results support a concerted process, involving the scrambling of equatorial CO and phosphine groups via a classical merry-go-round exchange scheme. The barriers computed for this mechanism agree well with those that have been measured, and steric compression within the bridged diphosphine groups of the reactants has been calculated to reduce the barrier heights for the rearrangement. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc71815/
- Experimental and Predicted Solubilities of 3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic Acid in Select Organic Solvents of Varying Polarity and Hydrogen-bonding Character
- This article discusses the experimental and predicted solubilities of 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid in select organic solvents of varying polarity and hydrogen-bonding character. Abstract: Experimental solubilities are reported for 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid dissolved in 16 alcohol, 5 alkyl alkanoate, 5 alkoxyalcohol and 6 ether solvents. The measured solubility data were correlated with the Abraham solvation parameter model. Mathematical expressions based on the Abraham model predicted the observed molar solubilities to within 0.083 log units. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc157298/
- Experimental Evidence for Heavy-Atom Tunneling in the Ring-Opening of Cyclopropylcarbinyl Radical from Intramolecular 12C/13C Kinetic Isotope Effects
- This article discusses experimental evidence for heavy-atom tunneling. Abstract: The intramolecular 13C kinetic isotope effects for the ring-opening of cyclopropylcarbinyl radical were determined over a broad temperature range. The observed isotope effects are unprecedentedly large, ranging from 1.062 at 80 °C to 1.163 at -100 °C. Semiclassical calculations employing canonical variational transition-state theory drastically underpredict the observed isotope effects, but the predicted isotope effects including tunneling by a small-curvature tunneling model match well with experiment. These results and a curvature in the Arrhenius plot of the isotope effects support the recently predicted importance of heavy-atom tunneling in cyclopropylcarbinyl ring-opening. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc71805/
- Experimental observation of carrier-envelope-phase effects by multicycle pulses
- This article discusses experimental observation of carrier-envelope-phase effects by multicycle pulses. Abstract: We present an experimental and theoretical study of carrier-envelope-phase (CEP) effects on the population transfer between two bound atomic states interacting with pulses consisting of many cycles. Using intense radio-frequency pulse with Rabi frequency of the order of the atomic transition frequency, the authors investigate the influence of the CEP on the control of phase-dependent multiphoton transitions between the Zeeman sublevels of the ground state of ⁸⁷Rb. Our scheme has no limitation on the duration of the pulses. Extending the CEP control to longer pulses creates interesting possibilities to generate pulses with accuracy that is better than the period of optical oscillations. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103261/
- Fear of Developing Dementia
- This presentation is part of the faculty lecture series UNT Speaks Out on Alzheimer's disease and dementia. The presenter, Kyle Page, is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Psychology. In this presentation, he discusses his research into the fear of dementia. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc152462/
- Femtosecond wave-packet dynamics in cesium dimers studied through controlled stimulated emission
- This article discusses femtosecond wave-packet dynamics in cesium dimers studied through controlled stimulated emission. Abstract: We study the dynamics of wave packets in cesium dimers using a femtosecond-controlled pump-probe technique. We implement configurations with one pulse (pump) or two pulses (pump to control) to produce vibrational wave packets on the electronic excited state. The transmission of an additional, variable-delay probe pulse is measured to monitor the time evolution of the wave packets. In the case of the pump-control-probe configuration, a superposition of two independent wave packets is observed. In order to elucidate the observed experimental data, we develop a theory based on the Liouville equation for the density matrix associated with the Franck-Condon factors. Both the numerical and analytical calculations are in good agreement with our experimental results. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103267/
- Fenología de Tayloria dubyi (Splachnaceae) en las turberas de la Reserva de Biosfera Cabo de Hornos
- This article discusses the phenology of Tayloria dubyi (Splachnaceae) in the peatlands of the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve. Abstract: The sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion harbors a high diversity of bryophytes, greater than the species richness of vascular plants. Despite this fact, phenological studies on bryophytes are lacking for this ecoregion and Chile. Based on the study of the sporophytic phase of Tayloria dubyi, an endemic moss from the sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion, the authors propose a methodology for phonological studies on austral bryophytes. The authors defined five phenophases, easily distinguishable with a hand-lens, which were monthly recorded during 2007 and 2008 in populations of T. dubyi at the Omora Ethnobotanical Park and Mejillones Bay on Navarino Island (55°S) in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve. The sporophytic (or reproductive) phase of T. dubyi presented a clear seasonality. After growing in November, in three months (December - February) of the austral reproductive season the sporophytes mature and release their spores; by March they are already senescent T. dubyi belongs to the Splachnaceae family for which entomochory (dispersal of spores by insects, specifically Diptera) has been detected in the Northern Hemisphere. The period of spores release in T. dubyi coincides with the months of highest activity of Diptera which are potential dispersers of spores; hence, entomochory could also take place in sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion. In sum, the authors' work: (i) defines a methodology for phenological studies in austral bryophytes, (ii) it records a marked seasonality ion the sporophyte phase of T. dubyi, and (iii) it proposes to evaluate in future research the occurrence of entomochory in splachnaceae species growing in the sub-Antarctic peatlands and forest ecosystems in the Southern Hemisphere. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc97952/
- Field environmental philosophy and biocultural conservation at the Omora Ethnobotanical Park: Methodological approaches to broaden the ways of integrating the social component ("S") in Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research (LTSER) Sites
- This article discusses field environmental philosophy and biocultural conservation at the Omora Ethnobotanical Park. Abstract: In order to effectively address the problems derived from global environmental change, environmental scientists, citizens and decision-makers now recognize the need to integrate more fully the human or social component into ecological research. The authors propose that to achieve this integration, Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research (LTSER) networks offer an ideal platform, because such sites enable research at ecological, cultural, and political local scales, and at the same time allow addressing these issues at a global scale. However, this socio-ecological work still requires better articulation of programs developed at multiple geographic, ecological and political scales. In addition, until now the social component considered in LTSER programs has focused on economic factors, omitting ethical dimensions. A central reason for this omission is the lack of methodologies to systematically integrate ethics into LTSER programs. As a contribution to resolve this limitation, here the authors develop a methodological approach that the authors call "field environmental philosophy." It integrates ecological research and environmental ethics into biocultural education and conservation through an interrelated four-step cycle: i) interdisciplinary ecological and philosophical research, ii) composition of metaphors, and communication through simple narratives, iii) design of guided field experiences with an ecological and ethical orientation, and iv) implementation of in situ conservation areas. This cycle has been defined a posteriori, by analyzing successful experiences of biocultural research, education and conservation program at the Omora Ethnobotanical Park (OEP) in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (CHBR). The Masters of Science in Subantarctic Conservation at the University of Magallanes (UMAG) adopted this cycle as a structured methodology to design theses and academic curricula for students who are creating innovative educational and ecotourism activities, such as "Ecotourism with a Hand Lens" and "Ethical Birding." To articulate the programs at multiple scales, the OEP functions at the local scale as a research center in the CHBR, at the national level as a cofounder and southernmost site of the Chilean LTSER network coordinated by the Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Chile, and at the coordinated by UMAG, IEB and the University of North Texas (UNT). This organization of nested units has permitted to synergistically articulate the work at local, national and international scales. Collaborative research has led to the discovery of biological and cultural diversity singularities in the remote Magellanic subantarctic ecoregion, enabled education and conservation work with multiple social actors and institutions, and has strengthened the incorporation of environmental philosophy into socio-ecological research. In this way, OEP's program is contributing to broaden the definition of the social ("S") component in LTSER, and to generate methodologies to integrate, at multiple scales, ecological and ethical dimensions into socio-ecological research, as well as biocultural education and conservation programs, which could be implemented and assessed at other LTER sites. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc97961/