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Speech and Hearing Sciences
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Paper
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English
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UNT Scholarly Works
Awareness of Aphasia and Aphasia Services in South India: Public Health Implications
Date: April 19, 2012
Creator: Chazhikat, Emlynn & Olness, Gloria
Description: This paper discusses research on aphasia. Abstract: Aphasia is a language disorder resulting from brain damage. People who acquire aphasia need rehabilitation to maximize functional recovery. Assessing public awareness of aphasia is critical for development of and access to aphasia-related services. The current study addresses levels of public awareness of aphasia and access to aphasia-related services in an urban area of the State of Kerala, India, a region with potentially high incidence and prevalence of aphasia. Results of an aphasia-awareness survey of 114 urban Kerala residents suggest poor public awareness of aphasia in the population. Less than 10% of those surveyed met criteria for having basic knowledge of aphasia. Semi-structured interviews of two Kerala-based neurologists support the findings of the survey and further suggest that aphasia-related services in the region may be limited. Findings hold implications for development of aphasia services and improvement of the psychosocial life of people who have aphasia.
Contributing Partner: UNT Honors College
Permallink:digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc86166/
Can You Hear Me Now: A Meta-Analytical Perspective of the Benefits of Frequency-Modulated (FM) Systems for People with Cochlear Implants
Date: March 29, 2007
Creator: Kleineck, Mary Pat & Schafer, Erin
Description: This paper discusses a research study on the benefits of frequency-modulated (FM) systems for adults and children using cochlear implants. Abstract: Cochlear implants (CIs) can significantly improve hearing for people with severe-to-profound hearing losses, but they do not restore hearing in noise. Frequency-modulated (FM) systems, however, can help combat the interference of background noise. Three kinds of FM receivers can be used with a CI: (1) a classroom soundfield, (2) a desktop soundfield, or (3) a direct-audio input (DAI). There is no consensus, however, on which type of FM system provides the best performance. Speech-recognition data were extracted from eight studies for FM system conditions are noise: (1) CI only, (2) classroom soundfield, (3) desktop soundfield, and (4) DAI. A meta-analysis was performed to compare the improvements in speech recognition with the different receivers. The best performance was with the DAI system, followed by the desktop soundfield. The classroom soundfield provided little or no benefit. Thus, to provide optimal hearing in noise, DAI systems should be the first type of FM system considered for people with CIs.
Contributing Partner: UNT Honors College
Permallink:digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc94273/
The Impact of Guardianship on the Rights of Adults with Developmental Disabilities: A Case Study
Date: April 15, 2010
Creator: Smith, Martin & Olness, Gloria Streit
Description: This paper discusses a research study on the impact of guardianship on the rights of individuals with developmental disabilities. Abstract: One framework of human rights equates rights to needs and ranks them via Maslow's hierarchy. Using this framework, the current study outlines how guardianship may facilitate basic human and legal rights. The study examines a single case, composed of a guardian, a nonverbal ward, and the legal institutions that established guardianship. Data include court records, as well as guardian interviews and questionnaires. Results include the motivation for pursuing guardianship, the state of the ward's rights, and the impact that guardianship had on the welfare and independence of the ward. Results show that, in this case, guardianship had a minimal impact on rights. Findings imply that there may be limitations in the ability of guardianship to facilitate rights under a Maslowian framework.
Contributing Partner: UNT Honors College
Permallink:digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc94278/