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Federalism and Political Problems in Nigeria: The purpose of this thesis is to examine and re-evaluate the questions involved in federalism and political problems in Nigeria. The strategy adopted in this study is historical, The study examines past, recent, and current literature on federalism and political problems in Nigeria. Basically, the first two chapters outline the historical background and basis of Nigerian federalism and political problems. Chapters three and four consider the evolution of federalism, political problems, prospects of federalism, self-government, and attainment of complete independence on October 1, 1960. Chapters five and six deal with the activities of many groups, crises, military coups, and civil war. The conclusions and recommendations candidly argue that a decentralized federal system remains the safest way for keeping Nigeria together stably.
Love Attitudes and Marital Adjustment Through Five Stages of the Marital Life-Cycle in Protestant Nigerian Society: This study examined the relationship between love attitude and marital adjustment across five stages of the marital life-cycle in Nigerian society. The subjects for this study were 202 volunteers from six protestant churches representing six cities in the southern part of Nigeria. An average of 20 couples were representatives of each of the five marital life-cycles. Each of the subjects completed the Love Attitude Inventory (LAI), and the Marital Adjustment Test (short form) (MAT). Wilk's multivariate analysis revealed no significant differences between husbands' and wives' love attitude and marital adjustment across the five stages of the marital life cycle. Multivariate analysis split-plot 5.2 with repeated measures revealed no significant difference for the total sample among the groups, but indicated a significant difference between love attitude and marital adjustment for the total sample using sex as a factor. A univariate test of the MAT and LAI indicated that the MAT accounted for the difference. A canonical correlation indicated a significant positive relationship between husbands1 and wives' marital adjustment and love attitude within each of the five groups. The findings suggest that husbands and wives included in this study have a good understanding of their roles in the marriage relationship and that the partners have general agreement regarding those roles. The marriage partners apparently have strong influences on each other's perceptions of love attitude and marital adjustment.
The Development of Radio Broadcasting in Nigeria, West Africa: The purpose of this study is to set forth the history of radio in Nigeria. Chapters explore the history of Nigeria, the history of Nigerian radio, and the present structure of Nigerian radio. In a final chapter, specific historical factors are isolated that have made Nigerian radio what it is today. The study concludes that the present structure of Nigerian radio is a direct product of the peculiar history of Nigeria as a former British Colony. Little can be done to solve the problems of Nigerian radio unless the problems of Nigeria itself are first solved.
The Development and Contributions of the Department of Adult Education, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, to Adult Education in Nigeria: 1945- 1980: This study examined the historical development of the University of Ibadan in Nigeria and its contributions to adult education both in Nigeria and in other African nations. This was aimed at providing up-to-date insight into the department's contributions to the development of adult education in Nigeria and in other African nations. Specifically, this study examined the department's founders and their goals, the department's management structure, its relationship with other adult education agencies in Nigeria and in Africa, its programs and services, and the participants in these. This study reveals that the department's founders were both British and Nigerian politicians, educators, and humanitarians. They were concerned with eradicating illiteracy, preparing adults for democratic roles, and improving the economic well-being of these adults. The department does not have a consistent pattern of management. The selection of its leadership is usually based on seniority and academic merits. The department initially relied on donations and on the revenues from the local, state, and federal governments of Nigeria to operate. It now relies on those from the profit from its services to the public and on those from Nigeria's state and federal governments. The department interacts with other departments of the university and with other adult education agencies in Nigeria to formulate, develop, direct, and provide adult education programs and services to all segments of the Nigerian population. Its contributions to other African nations are limited to the conferences and seminars it hosts, and in many cases, directs on their behalf.
Factors Influencing Nigerian Adults to Participate in the Adult Basic Education Programs of the Nigerian Baptist Convention Which Lead to the First-School-Leaving-ertificate: The problem with which this study is concerned is that of determining the specific stated factors that influenced Nigerian adults to participate in adult basic educational programs of the Nigerian Baptist Convention which lead to the first-school-leaving-certificate. The purpose of the study was to identify and examine the factors that influence Nigerian adults to participate in the adult basic and certificate educational programs of the Nigerian Baptist Convention, and to make recommendations for program improvements based on these findings. The data for this study were collected from questionnaires which included demographic information about the participants and a list of reasons for educational participation and needs-met statements. Questionnaire items were rated on a five-point scale. The researcher mailed 600 questionnaires to both adult basic and certificate education students in the adult education programs of the Nigerian Baptist Convention in Ibadan, Nigeria. The basic education group responded to 126 questionnaires, while the certificate groups responded to 122 questionnaires.
Factors Associated with Quality of Academic Programs and Types of Jobs Secured by Graduates of Handcrafted Textile Design Programs of Universities and Polytechnics in Nigeria: The problem with which this study is concerned is that of determining the possible differential effects of the alternative training patterns of handcrafted textile design students in universities and polytechnics in Nigeria on the scores in courses for their final-year training as well as the type of first employment that students secure after graduation.
An Analysis of the Need for Human Resource Development in Nigeria: The present study was concerned with seeking the opinions of Nigerian employers, Nigerians studying in the United States, and those studying in Nigeria concerning the need for human resource development in Nigeria. Data were collected through questionnaires mailed to selected Nigerian employers and to Nigerian students studying at various United States college campuses and at Nigerian university campuses. Problems of unemployment and critical shortages of skilled manpower continue to be rampant in Nigeria. The present investigation, through an analysis of questionnaire responses, seems to support the impression that little is really being done by Nigerian organization to upgrade and strengthen personnel talent in a planned and organized way. Most companies have no central long-range goal to guide their manpower development efforts. Much more time, effort, and expense are likely being devoted to the introduction of new operating systems or pieces of equipment than to the improvement of people.
Nigerian Military Government and Press Freedom, 1966-79: The problem of this thesis is to examine the military-press relationship in Nigeria from 1966 to 1979 and to determine whether activities of the military government contributed to violation of press freedom by prior restraint, postpublication censorship and penalization. Newspaper and magazine articles related to this study were analyzed. Interviews with some journalists and military personnel were also conducted. Materials collected show that the military violated some aspects of press freedom, but in most cases, however, journalists were free to criticize government activities. The judiciary prevented the military from arbitrarily using its power against the press. The findings show that although the military occasionally attempted suppressing the press, there are few instances that prove that journalists were denied press freedom.
Nigerian Military Government and Problems of Agricultural Development: This thesis attempts to analyze the military government's role in solving the country's agricultural problems. This analysis is essential because it was during the military's stay in power that Nigeria's potential as a selfsufficient and food exporting nation declined. Materials collected to analyze the above problems reveal that the military government's lack of adequate personnel to supervise and implement decisions taken on agriculture, unplanned schemes, and unresearched projects were partly responsible for the government's inability to solve Nigeria's agricultural problems. While it may be necessary to blame the military government for not being able to completely solve the country's numerous agricultural problems, the presence of global political and economic decisions seriously hampered measures taken by the military government.
An Analysis of Goals in Post-Primary Institutions in Nigeria with Special Reference to Kaduna-State: The problem addressed in this study is the identification of perceived and preferred goals in post-primary educational institutions in Kaduna-State, Nigeria. The purposes of the study are to identify and analyze the most important goals and to make recommendations for improvements based on these findings. Chapter I discusses the background and significance of the study and the procedures used in collecting and analyzing data; Chapter II surveys related literature. Methodology and analysis of data are presented in Chapters III and IV. Chapter V offers the study's findings, summary, conclusions, and recommendations.
A Historical Review of Secondary Education in Western Nigeria: 1842-1976: The purposes of this study are to describe the past and the present system of secondary education in Western Nigeria; to examine the goals, achievements, and failures with special consideration for three distinct periods: (1) prior to the arrival of the British people in Western Nigeria, (2) between 1842 and 1960, and (3) between 1960 and 1976; to formulate generalizations about secondary schools, and to offer suggestions for the improvement of the secondary educational system in Western Nigeria. One recommendation that the study makes calls for mass secondary education, not education of the elite only. The recommendations call for programs that would lead to industrial and technological progress.
A Quasi-Experimental Study of Behavior in the Professional Negotiation Process: An Analysis of the Nigerian Setting: The problem investigated by this study was that of understanding types of behaviors exhibited by participants in negotiations processes and impact of behaviors on collective bargaining in Nigeria. The study's three purposes were to describe the nature and extent of interpersonal conflict that occurs in collective bargaining, to determine the consequences that stem from such conflict, and to suggest the behaviors and performances during the face-to-face negotiations that should exist to enhance labor-management relations in Nigerian public education. This study examined behavior in negotiations by using simulation, i.e., a quasiexperimental method. Four outcomes of negotiations--time required to reach agreement, terms of agreements, verbal behavior exhibited during negotiations, and satisfaction derived by negotiators in negotiations—were examined.
The Perceptions of Secondary School Principals in Oyo State, Nigeria Toward Selected Educational Issues: Nigeria's educational environment has witnessed rapid and wide-spread changes within the last five years to the extent that enormous pressures are being put upon the practitioners. The introduction of universal free primary education in 1976 and the establishment of the national policy on education in 1977 are two of the major reasons for these changes. Educational critics have discussed issues affecting education in Nigeria generally and in Oyo State particularly. The practitioners have continuously come under severe attack for the apparent shortcomings brought by these changes. It was viewed that principals could speak out regarding the seriousness of such educational issues which the critics have repeatedly emphasized. The two purposes of this study were to determine the perceptions of secondary school principals regarding the seriousness of selected educational issues; and to determine whether there were significant differences in the perceptions that could be ascribed to zonal location of schools, age of principals, enrollment, and years of experience as principals.
Work Motivation and Perceptions of Academic Organizational Climate: A Nigerian Study: The problem with which this study is concerned is to determine the relationship between the motivations to work for Nigerian lecturers and their perceptions of their academic organizational climate. The related purposes of the study are to determine the motivations to work for Nigerian lecturers, their perceptions of the academic organizational climate in which they work, and the relationships that exist between motivations and type of organizational climate.
The Impact of Student-Faculty Informal Interpersonal Relationships on Intellectual and Personal Development in the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria: This study was conducted to determine the impact of student-faculty informal interpersonal relationships on the intellectual development and personal achievement of students attending the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria. Specifically, the work of Pascarella and Terenzini was generalized with respect to the positive influence of student-faculty interactions on academic outcomes. Additionally, the work of Pascarella and Terenzini was extended with a sample of students at the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria. Eight hundred subjects were selected for the study; 621 subjects responded. One survey instrument was used. Frequencies and multiple regression analyses were used. A series of studies on student-faculty interaction has shown a significant relationship between student-faculty informal contact and student outcomes. A large number of studies have also indicated that student outcomes are not independent of students' background. Therefore, pre-enrollment characteristics were controlled for this study.
A Historical Review of the Development of Federal Universities of Technology in Nigeria: The overall purpose of this study was to identify the major factors and events that led to the establishment of the Federal Universities of Technology in Nigeria. The study examined and analyzed the growth and development of the three Nigerian Federal Universities of Technology at Owerri, Akure, and Minna.
Population Growth and Socioeconomic Development in Nigeria 1960 - 1984: This study is directed toward the relationship between population growth and socioeconomic development in Nigeria for the period 1960-1984. A controlled population growth would positively affect every segment of the economic and social environment. With hunger and starvation, disease, poverty and illiteracy plaguing large portions of the world, Nigeria's limited resources would best be utilized if shared among a smaller population, Nigeria, like other developing African countries, does not have an official population control policy. The diversity in the Nigerian culture, the controversial nature of the subject of population control, and possibly, implementation difficulties, account for the absence of a population control policy in Nigeria. This study offers in its concluding section some policy recommendations on how to tackle Nigeria's population problem.
Content Analysis Study of ABC News Presentations on Nigeria as an Example of Third World News Coverage: The purpose of this study is to inquire if there are dispositions of any type. of newscast carried by ABC News about Nigeria and if these newscasts are positively or negatively inclined. The analysis quantified and verified that while the broadcast content of ABC News presentations on Nigeria have been objectively covered, the newscasts have taken stereotypical patterns. This, thereby establishes the need for ABC News, being an example of American network news, to diversify and cover stories of social and human interest in Nigeria and other Third World countries. The study concludes that a true maxim of news coverage is needed as a guide to unbiased, unslanted or cliched news presentations.
The Acceptance and Use of Cloud Computing Services by Small and Medium Enterprises in Lagos, Nigeria: This study explored the acceptance of cloud computing (CC) services by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos, Nigeria, which has been missing from CC services literature. It aimed to understand the motivations for adoption, the uses of the services, and the benefits they derive from it. The uses and gratification theory was applied as the theoretic framework for this endeavor. An online survey with close-ended and open-ended questions was distributed to 1200 randomly selected participants through email. In total, 392 valid responses were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and categories. The results found that SMEs in Lagos, Nigeria had a low level of awareness and appreciation of CC services. The adoption rate was also low. Unlike their counterparts in other regions, SMEs primary concerns were service downtime, stable power supply, and better internet access. The study found that SMEs were not taking full advantage of the capabilities of CC services. Some sections, however, were doing better than others, such as the information and communications sub-sector. This study suggested that targeted interventions should be conducted to raise the awareness of CC services in SMEs, and to improve their efficient and effective use of CC services. The uses and gratification theory was appropriate for guiding this study to understand the acceptance and use of CC services by SMEs in Lagos, Nigeria.
Information Use Environment of Religious Professionals: a Case Study of the Everyday Life Information Seeking Behavior of Catholic Clergy in Northern Nigeria: This study explores the everyday life information seeking (ELIS) behavior of Catholic clergy in Northern Nigeria and describes their information use environment (IUE). It employed a mixed-method case study using survey and episodic interview techniques of data collection. The ELIS of Savolainen, the IUE of Taylor and the small world of Chatman were theoretical frameworks that guided this study. Findings showed that the IUE of these Catholic clergy is shaped by four elements: (1) geographical location and culture, (2) the celibate clergy, (3) their information needs, and (4) the information sources used to resolve these needs. Three types of information needs were identified: essential needs, circumstantial needs and intermittent needs. There was a high interrelatedness between the effects of culture and celibacy on the information seeking of these clergy. They are not likely to cross boundaries of their world to seek particularly essential information about their ministry or private lives. The findings of this study align with Chatman’s proposition that members who live in the round will not cross the boundaries of their world to seek information. The study found problems with access and availability of information, which included lack of familiarity with electronic/online library databases among the clergy, and the lack of archives and documentation of records and historical materials. It recommended the development of an archiving and documentation plan that digitizes paper documents for electronic management, including policies on data curation for the Catholic religious institutions in Nigeria.
A Historical Review of the Development of Secondary Education in Eastern Nigeria: The purpose of this study is to describe the historical development of secondary education in Eastern Nigeria, taking into consideration the following periods: (1). before the coming of the British, (2) from 1842 to 1960 when Nigeria received her independence from Britain, and (3) from 1960 to 1986. The period between 1960 and 1986 is further subdivided into (a) 1960 to 1967 when the civil war began, (b) 1967 to 1970 when the civil war ended, and (c) the post-civil war era—1970 to 1986.
The Difficulties Encountered by Nigerian Students in Pursuing Graduate Degrees in the North Texas Area of the United States: This study concerns the difficulties encountered by Nigerian students in pursuing graduate degrees in the North Texas area of the United States. The purposes of this study were: (a) to determine the extent to which the perceived difficulties are a result of financial difficulties, (b) to determine the extent to which language is perceived as an inhibiting factor during their period of study, (c) to determine the extent to which family problems contributed to the difficulties, (d) to determine the extent to which normal pressures in graduate school contributed to the difficulties, (e) to determine the extent to which time management contributed to the difficulties, (f) to determine the extent to which changes of schools/colleges within the United States contributed to the difficulties, (g) to determine the extent to which lack of advisement contributed to the difficulties, (h) to determine the extent to which health problems contributed to the difficulties, and (i) to determine the extent to which employment contributed to the difficulties.
Development of Educational Institution and Social Change in Nigeria, 1953-1973: Changes and developments of the educational instituion of Nigeria are discussed. The analysis is based upon available data. Historical developments, including social movements and nationalism, are related to changing educational needs of an emerging nation. Developments during the past twenty years are discussed in detail. Increased levels of education are related to social mobility, agencies and types of socialization, and the development of Nigerian independence. Demographic changes, particularly decreases in mortality and differential fertility, are described in detail. The demands for technical and vocational training are related to urbanization. Based upon analyses of these historical trends, recommendations are suggested which should better enable Nigeria to cope with the modern world.
A Historical Review of Education in Nigeria with Emphasis upon Secondary Education in Cross River State: The purposes of this study are to describe the past and the present systems of secondary education in the Cross River State of Nigeria; to examine the goals, achievements, and failures of each with special consideration for the period from 1970 to 1981; and to make recommendations for improvement of the secondary educational system in the Cross River State of Nigeria.
An Examination of Higher Education in the Process of Economic Development and Social Change in Nigeria: The problem of this study was to describe higher education in relation to economic development and social change in Nigeria. The purposes of this study were (1) to identify the needs for economic development and social change in Nigeria; (2) to relate higher education goals to the identified needs; (3) to determine the perceptions of the participating groups of students, faculty members, academic administrators, and government officials about what priority of importance is being placed and should be placed on higher education goals to achieve the national needs; (4) to formulate recommendations for the future development of higher education in relation to economic development and social change in Nigeria.
The Perception of Present Administrator Competencies and The Future Training Needs and Programs for Public School Administrators in Cross River State, Nigeria: The problem of this study was to determine how Nigeria's public education system might be improved through the improvement of the competency of school administrators. The study's four purposes were to identify present administrator levels of competency and present and future competency needs and to suggest training programs to develop present and future competencies needed by Nigerian school administrators. A survey instrument was utilized to assess perceptions of administrators, professors, students, and bureaucrats. A 70 per cent response rate from each of the eight groups studied (totaling 230 persons) was considered acceptable. Analysis of the findings reveals that all groups of respondents perceived all 53 competency areas to be important to highly important for public school administrators to possess at present and in the future. Differences of opinion appeared with respect to present levels of competency, but a fairly high degree of concurrence existed among all eight groups of respondents with regard to 17 areas of lowest present competence among practicing administrators. Respondents suggested very few methods and programs for improving present levels of administrator competency. In those areas in which respondents perceived lower levels of competency among administrators, deficiencies were generally attributed to lack of governmental cooperation. On the basis of the findings, it was recommended that on-site performance evaluations be conducted to gain empirical data concerning present administrator competency. A permanent joint practitioner-government-university panel should be formed in each state to determine administrators' competency levels and needs and to design programs to meet those needs. Present university curricula for administrator preparation and training should be carefully reviewed in light of the competencies identified in this study, and in-service training sessions should be held to assist administrators in upgrading competencies. Finally, a mechanism should be established whereby all echelons of Nigeria's public school system can begin working together to …
Agricultural Development in Nigeria: This study involves an analysis of the problems of agricultural development in Nigeria. The investigation made was concerned with agricultural planning initiated by the four regional governments of the North, the West, the Mid-west, and the East, and the problems associated with national agricultural development. It is the object of this study to identify the problems involved in Nigerian agricultural development before and after Nigerian independence, October 1, 1960, and to identify the steps that have been taken since to increase and improve agricultural production and yield per acre of land.
The Development of a Model Plan for Evaluating Higher Education Planning in Nigeria: The purpose of this study was to develop a standard instrument for determining the basic elements to be contained in a state of national long-range plan for higher education and to utilize that instrument in evaluating the current planning efforts in Nigeria. In order to fulfill the purpose of the study, answers were sought to seven research questions and procedures were worked out for ten experts in higher-education planning to validate criteria statements about the major elements of a model long-range plan for higher education in a political unit. The findings of this study appear to warrant the conclusions that (1) state or national plans for higher education contain similar major elements and have certain underlying assumptions, (2) long-range planning documents can be evaluated using established criteria, (3) Nigerian planning for higher education has been somewhat systematic but lacks thoroughness, and (4) Nigerian planning for higher education can be strengthened and improved if future planning activities more closely meet established criteria of the model used in this study. Recommendations are offered which could strengthen the existing plan and aid future planning exercises in Nigeria.
The British Occupation of Southern Nigeria, 1851-1906: The study indicates that the motives which impelled the creation of the Protectorate of Southern Nigeria were complex, variable, and sometimes contradictory. Many Englishmen within and without the government, indeed, advocated the occupation of the area to suppress the slave trade, but this humanitarian ambition, on balance, was not as significant as political and economic interests. The importance of the Niger waterway, rivalry with France and other maritime nations, andmissionary work, all led Britain to adopt a policy of aggrandizement and to proclaim a protectorate over the Niger districts, thereby laying the foundation for modern Nigeria. The London government acquired territory through negotiating treaties with the native chiefs, conquest, and purchase. British policy and consular rule between 1851 and 1906 was characterized by gunboat diplomacy, brutality, and flagrant disregard for treaty rights; nonetheless, the British presence has made a positive impact on Nigeria's historical, political, economic, intellectual, and cultural development.
International Political Economy of External Economic Dependence and Foreign Investment Policy Outputs as a Component of National Development Strategy: Nigeria 1954-1980: This study examined the effects and expectations of external economic dependence on foreign investment policy outputs with particular reference to the Nigerian experience between 1954 and 1980. Three basic kinds of external economic dependence were studied: foreign investment, the penetration of the Nigerian economy by foreign capital through the agency of the multinational corporations (MNCs); foreign trade, a measure of the Nigerian economy's participation in the world market; and foreign aid (loans and grants), a measure of Nigeria's reliance on financial assistance from governments and international financial inst itutions. For the most part, the level of Nigeria's economic dependence was very high. However, economic dependency is not translated into changes in foreign investment policy in favor of the foreign investors in Nigeria as is predicted by the dependency paradigm. The Nigerian case casts doubt on the dependency paradigm as a framework for fully explaining factors that may determine foreign direct investment policy changes that occur in a less developed Third World country. In other words, the dependency paradigm has a limited explanatory power; there is a factor independent of the economic factor operating out of the control of global capitalism (the center of the center in alliance with the center of the periphery); and that factor is the political process in Nigeria. The web of the Nigerian political process involves the various aspects of its internal functioning such as the manner in which needs, interests and demands are conveyed from the individuals and groups in the country to those performing state duties. Thus, Nigerian policy makers were more influenced by those elements than pure economic considerations treated in isolation.
Social Change and Nigerian Agriculture: The problem with which this study is concerned is the description of changes in Nigeria that result from agricultural developments during the precolonial period to the present time. Emphasis is placed on the relationship between agriculture and other institutions, and the effect of agricultural change upon social phenomena such as population growth, family, industrialization, urbanization, and education. The Nigerian agricultural institution may be divided into three periods: the precolonial, the colonial, and the Republican agricultural eras. The data were obtained from published research reports, United Nations reports, government documents, newsletters, and economic journals. Primarily descriptive in nature, the thesis consists of six chapters. Emphasis was placed upon the historical development of Nigerian agriculture and the reciprocal impact between it and other Nigerian institutions.
Twenty Years of Nigerian Television: 1959-1979: This study reviews the evolution of Nigerian broadcasting from 1935 to 1979, with emphasis on the development of Nigerian television broadcasting. The problem was to discern how Nigeria's social and political structures have affected its radio and television system. The study concludes that both the heterogeneity of Nigerian society and the country's continued political unrest pose a threat to either private or government ownership of television stations. Today, approximately 1.5 million television sets serve over 80 million Nigerians, and this imbalance should be corrected before Nigerian television can be considered a mass medium. Nigeria's present administration maintains that its control of the country's television is necessary; critics feel, however, that federal control restrains television from developing its potential, especially in promoting national unity.
A Critical Analysis of the Equity and Efficiency of the Nigerian Personal Income Tax System: The purpose of this study is to analyze the system of personal income taxation in Nigeria, especially with respect to its administration, equity, and effects on efficient resource usage. There have, in the past, been numerous complaints that the personal income tax in Nigeria does not yield enough revenue for the state governments, primarily because of widespread avoidance and evasion of the tax, especially by persons who do not derive income from wages and salaries. This study examines this problem in light of questions as to how the tax evolved, how important it is to state governments, how efficient and equitable it is, what administrative problems it faces, and what reforms can be implemented to best solve existing problems.
Comparative Development with Large Endowments of Capital (Oil Revenue) Three Case Studies Nigeria, Iran, Libya: This study is an examination and comparison of the manner in which Nigeria, Iran and Libya used oil revenue for their economic development. The research methodology was the case study approach, utilizing statistical time series data, as well as a historical profile of each country's income and expenditure accounts. As a prelude to the oil injection, the pre-oil revenue economy, the history of the oil industry, and the previously implemented development plans of each of these nations is surveyed. The impact of the oil revenues on the standard of living and the non-oil sectors of these economies is examined. The paper concludes with projections concerning each country's ability to continue to promote economic development when its exhaustible oil reserves runs out.
Student, Faculty, Academic Administrator, and Government Educational Official Perceptions of and Preferences for the Goals of Higher Education in Imo-State, Nigeria: The problem of this study was to identify student, faculty, academic administrator, and government educational official perceptions of and preferences for the goals of higher education in Imo-State, Nigeria. The purposes of this study were (1) to identify the major goal areas of colleges in Imo-State; (2) to determine the perceptions and preferences of student, faculty, academic administrators, and government educational officials; (3) to determine whether there are significant divergences of perception and preference among the respondent groups with respect to the goal areas; (4) to develop projections of the probable priorities for goal trends of higher education in Imo-State, based upon the expressed perceptions and preferences of the subjects. In addition, the study involved determining the differences in judgement among and between the groups regarding both perceived and preferred goal areas, through a one-way analysis of variance and Scheffe test.
Nigerian Politics: A Case Study of Military Coups: This study surveys the issue of military coups in Nigerian politics. An attempt is made to explain the causes of coups d'etat. To this end, Thompson's thesis of military grievances has been rigorously employed to explain the occurrences of military coups in Nigeria. The Thompson thesis asserts that coups occur because the military is aggrieved. A study of the opinions of expert observers familiar with Nigerian politics confirmed that four out of the six military coups occurred due to problems emanating from the Nigerian military establishment. Although military grievances such as its political positions, resource bases, ethnicity, and factions within the military caused most coups, there is sufficient evidence that societal factors like economic crises, election decisions, and the need for reforms also encouraged the military to overthrow governments in Nigeria.
An Analysis and Evaluation of Church Administration in the Evangelical Churches of West Africa, Nigeria: The purposes of this study were to discover the current status of church administration of the Evangelical Churches of West Africa (ECWA) and to offer recommendations. In order to achieve these purposes, an extensive review of the professional literature dealing with church administration and management was conducted, and a questionnaire was constructed and categorized into the following broad areas of church administration: (1) church government, (2) educational leadership (3) evangelism and missions, (4) financial management, and (5) general administration. The following conclusions were drawn: 1. Management of church affaris under the four administrative church councils appears to be less than effective. 2. Professional local church leadership appears to be weak. 3. Strategies regarding recruitment of missionaries and mission finances appear weak. 4. The ECWA appears to lack both an acceptable criteria and specified groups for evaluation of theological programs. 5. Better financial management is one of ECWA's major areas of need. 6. Written personel guidelines and job descriptions are a critical need in ECWA church administration. 7. The need for effective communication may be one of the major problems facing ECWA.
Job Satisfaction of Secondary School Principals in the Rivers State of Nigeria: This study addresses these questions: (1) What is the relationship between secondary school principals' job satisfaction and their ages, educational level, salary, and years of experience on the job, size of school, and location of school? and (2) What is the relationship between two instruments that measure job satisfaction--The Job Descriptive Index (JDI) and The Job in General (JIG).
A Comparison of Achievement in Technical Drawing of Students Enrolled in the Nigeria Certificate of Education (Technical) at the Kaduna Polytechnic, Kuduna, Nigeria: The purpose of this study was to compare the achievement mean test scores in Technical Drawing of students enrolled for the NCE (Technical) program at the College of Science and Technology, Kaduna polytechnic, Kaduna, Nigeria. Test score means were compared between direct and remedial (preparatory) entry students and secondly among type of high school attended. Data were collected directly from students' permanent records. Two major hypotheses with three sub-hypotheses for each were tested. The first major hypothesis compared direct and remedial entry students. The second major hypothesis compared among three types of high schools attended. The One Way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data. The Duncan Multiple Comparison Test was also applied on the second major hypothesis. Both hypotheses I and II were retained at the .05 level of significance. However, hypothesis I was rejected at the .01 level of significance because the remedial entry students were found to have higher mean test scores than the direct entry students. Findings for hypothesis II indicated no significant difference among type of high school attended. It was recommended that selection for admissions for both the remedial and direct enrollments should not be based only on type of high school attended or type of subjects taken; data collected for remediation should bear directly on individuals' academic problems; and aptitude tests should be conducted in addition to transcripts currently demanded.
Factors Influencing Faculty Turnover at Ten Selected Colleges of Technology/Polytechnics in Nigeria: Despite numerous studies and reviews on faculty turnover, there appeared to be no systematic investigation of factors which influenced voluntary turnover among full-time faculty members in Nigerian educational institutions such as those studied here. In addition, it appeared that Nigeria lacked faculty turnover data for use in any meaningful research study. Therefore, this study investigated factors perceived to be influential among full-time faculty members leaving their jobs or institutions voluntarily. The six facets of the Job Descriptive Index developed by Smith, Kendall, and Hulin as well as a questionnaire about commitment development by Mowday, Porter and Steers elicited data concerning: present work, pay, promotion, supervision, coworkers, job in general, and commitment. Two hundred and eight (84.21%) of 247 full-time faculty members from ten selected colleges of technology/polytechnics in Nigeria became involved in this study. Means, frequencies, percentages, one-way ANOVA set at .05 level and Scheffe Test of Multiple Comparison set at .10 level were used for the analysis of data. Based on the findings, it could be established that full-time faculty members in Nigerian Colleges of Technology/Polytechnics are dissatisfied with their conditions of service. The most influential factors for voluntary turnover were pay and opportunities for promotion. Conclusions drawn from the study indicate that the demographic characteristics (gender, age, level of education, years of college teaching experience, salary grade level, college/polytechnic of employment, and region of origin) affect full-time faculty members' work attitudes. Further studies are recommended to determine policies and practices suitable for retaining the most capable full-time faculty members in Nigerian Colleges of Technology/Polytechnics.
School Administrators' and Teachers' Perceptions of the Teacher Evaluation System in the State of Anambra, Nigeria: The problem with which this study is concerned is the teacher evaluation system in the state of Anambra, Nigeria. The purposes of this study are (a) to provide objective information concerning the perceptions of school administrators and teachers toward the teacher evaluation system in the State of Anambra, Nigeria, (b) to determine whether agreements or differences exist between teachers' and administrators' perceptions of the teacher evaluation system, and (c) to draw conclusions and make recommendations for improvements based on the perceptions of the teachers and administrators. To accomplish these purposes, questionnaires were distributed to a random sample of 652 administrators and teachers who are currently employed in 37 randomly selected primary and secondary schools in the State of Anambra, Nigeria. Four hundred and sixty school administrators and teachers, representing 70.6 percent of the sample, returned completed usable questionnaires. Part I of the questionnaire was designed to gather relevant demographic data to determine the perceptions of the school administrators and teachers. Part II of the questionnaire contains the components of the evaluation system which were used to measure the perceptions of school administrators and teachers. Analysis of variance was used to test the data according to the independent variables. Three statistically significant differences were found among the data. (a) The primary and secondary school administrators differed significantly in their perceptions of the teacher evaluation system in the State of Anambra. This difference is ascribed to their positions which are based on their educational levels. (b) The demographic variable sex has significant effect on the perceptions of primary and secondary school teachers and administrators towards the teacher evaluation system in the State of Anambra, Nigeria. (c) The demographic variable years of professional experience appears to have a significant impact on the perceptions of the primary and secondary school teachers and administrators toward …
The Empirical Examination of Classified Staff Participation in Decision-Making with Regard to Policy Determination, Administrative Practices and Influence on Working Conditions in Nigerian Universities: The primary purposes of this study were (1) to investigate the current and preferred extent of non-supervisory classified staff employees' participation in university decision-making in Nigeria, as viewed by Nigerian higher level university administrators; (2) to investigate their current level of satisfaction with participation, and (3) to investigate the future trend of their participation in university decision-making. A three-part questionnaire developed by Allen L. Christian at North Texas State University in 1980 was slightly modified and used in this study. The respondents were 19 higher level university administrators at six Nigerian universities. The data were analyzed using frequency, t-test for related samples, one-way analysis of variance and the Scheffe' procedure used to test all possible comparisons among the means of the independent variables.
An Historical Review of Higher Education in Nigeria from 1960-1985 with Emphasis on Curriculum Development: The purpose of this study was to review higher education in Nigeria from 1960-1985 with emphasis on curriculum development, to identify the changes that took place during that period, and to utilize those changes to evaluate the current state of Nigerian higher education. In order to fulfill the purpose of this study, answers were sought for six research questions. Chapter 1 includes a statement of the problem, purpose of this study, research questions, background, and significance of the study. Chapter 2 presents information on the methods of gathering and analyzing data. Chapter 3 is a review of the background literature. Chapter 4 presents information on higher education and curriculum development 1960-1985, and Chapter 5 covers the Nigeria National Curriculum Conference of 1969. The findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the study are presented in Chapter 6.
A Systematic Analysis and Critical Comparison of the Educational Provision for Students in Nigeria with the Available Educational Opportunity for Handicapped Students: The problem of the study was the inadequate education of handicapped students in Nigeria. The primary purpose of the study was to develop a construct based on the United States models and research on special education, and to compare educational provisions for Nigerian students with the available educational opportunity for handicapped students. In order to achieve the stated objectives of the study, two methodological approaches were utilized: (1) Likert scale for opinion questionnaires, and (2) personal interviews. Both of these instruments included demographic information about the participants. The questionnaire was categorized into three areas (differences between educational opportunities for non-handicapped and handicapped students, formal learning opportunities for handicapped Nigerian students, and factors for being attentive or not being attentive to special education). The interview instrument focused on special education constraints, responsibility for special education provision, and improvement in education for the handicapped. Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were reached. 1. Handicapped Nigerian students do not have equal educational opportunities, as compared to non-handicapped students. Therefore, equal instructional opportunities should be provided for handicapped and non-handicapped students. 2. The federal and state governments of Nigeria should be financially responsible for special education. Therefore, the administration of special education must be taken over from private organizations. 3. Lack of funds, personnel and specialists, equipment, and adequate facilities hinders education for the handicapped in Nigeria. In order to improve education for the handicapped, therefore, the following provisions should be made: (1) build more schools, (2) train more specialists, (3) make funds available for special education, (4) provide more facilities and equipment, (5) intensify efforts in early detection of handicaps in children, and (6) educate parents on the importance of special education.
A Historical Review of the Influences of the Federal Government of Nigeria in National Higher Education 1954-1982: The purpose of this study was to describe the influence of the federal government on higher education in Nigeria. This was done by taking a look at the historical influence of the Federal Ministry of Education, the State Ministry of Education of Nigeria, the influence of the universities and colleges on higher education, the influence of the Joint Admissions Matriculation Board (JAMB) in higher education, and the influence of the National Universities Commission on Higher Education in Universities and Colleges in Nigeria.
The Growth and Development of Technical Education in Nigeria: The problem of this study was to determine whether or not technical education has grown and developed in Nigeria and to identify problems affecting its growth.
Are Things Falling Apart Again? A Dialectical Analysis of Language Education Policy in Nigeria: Today's globalized world presents challenges for formulating language education policies in multilingual countries, and postcolonial Nigeria presents a dramatic illustration because of ongoing colonial influences as well as neocolonial factors. This study focused on dialectical relations over time among languages in Nigeria's National Policy on Education (NPE), published in 1977, 1981, 1998, 2004, 2013, and 2014. The title of the study harks to Chinua Achebe's novel, Things Fall Apart, which described the disruption of tribal cultures and languages when Europeans brought their culture and language to Nigeria. Attention in this dissertation, which examined Nigerian education policy over four decades, was also on things falling apart, being resolved in some way, and then falling apart again. Four major dialectical tensions can be seen as the NPE went through revisions in language of instruction and language of study. First, relations between English and indigenous languages showed the increasing importance of English despite ostensible attempts to promote indigeneity through language. Particularly important was the influence of globalization, which emphasized neoliberal values and initiatives associated with global English. Second, relations among the various indigenous languages showed three languages—Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba—to be privileged over 522 other languages that were marginalized but retained as "mother tongue" or "language of immediate environment." Third, relations between French, which became the second official language, and English revealed that, although both now have the same "official" status, the two are by no means equal. The addition of French was largely a political move that had little effect on language education policy. Fourth and finally, relations between Arabic and other languages showed Arabic, which had been largely ignored in the policy, gaining some visibility in later versions but remaining in the role of "other." Of particular significance in the policy over time has been English, which was the colonizers' language …
The Role of the Organization of African Unity in the Nigerian Civil War, 1967-1970: The primary purpose of this thesis is to examine the role of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) in the Nigerian civil war, 1967-1970. The working hypothesis of this thesis is that as a result of (1) conservatism of the OAU; (2) Article 3, paragraphs II and III of.the OAU Charter; and (3) the influence of foreign powers on the OAU, the Organization has not been very successful in handling African conflicts. The purposes of this study necessitated researching a wide array of literature on the Organization of African Unity, conflicts in Africa since 1963, and the Nigerian civil war.
The Role of Television in the Development of Nigeria: The purpose of this study is to show how television has affected the politics, education, economy, and religions of Nigeria. The background of each area is outlined to lay the groundwork for showing the influence of television on these aspects of the lives of Nigerians. A brief history of the development of radio and television in Nigeria is presented. Although government control of Nigerian television precludes unbiased political reporting, the medium has raised the consciousness and interest of Nigerians in political activities; education, however, is the area in which television proves its worth and potential. Under the direction of the government's unification goals, Nigerian television has been an informative, moderating, and conciliatory influence on the divisive elements in Nigeria.
Social Disruption in Nigerian Public Universities: A Study of the Impact of Strikes on Students' Information Behavior: This study applied social disruption as a concept that highlights factors responsible for the breakdown of social relationships in societies. Social disruption has many forms, however, the focus in this study was on strikes, which create constant social disruption in Nigerian public universities and could have serious impact on students' information behavior. Two universities – Federal University of Technology Owerri (FUTO) and Imo State University Owerri (IMSU) – were chosen for the study, and data was obtained through an online survey across sample of approximately 250 participants from the two selected public universities in Nigeria. The study applied the principle of least effort theory and the model of information search process to investigate the research questions of this dissertation which were: (1) what kinds of information do university students in Nigeria seek, and to what extent do strikes have implications on their information behavior?; (2) how do Nigerian students perceive the impact of strikes on their information source location and information resource usage?; (3) to what extent can information and communication technology (ICT) minimize the impact of strikes on students' information behavior?; and (4) how can universities in Nigeria prevent strikes from impacting students' information behavior? t-Tests were applied to test the hypotheses. Findings suggested that strikes negatively impacted students information behavior in certain areas of information needs, information use and information sources.

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