Technical Report Archive & Image Library (TRAIL) - 91 Matching Results
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- "25" Critically Consultation with J. W. Morfitt : April 3, 1950
- Summary: "Criticality was considered impossible in any contingency encountered in practice under either of the following conditions which include no safety factor: (a) In any isolated cylinder not more than 5 in. in disruptor, if the total amount of U235 present does not exceed 7.5 Eg. (b) In an isolated vessel of any shape and size, if the total amount of U235 present does not exceed 880 g. An "isolated" vessel is one which does not "see" more than 0.1 [...] other vessels containing fissionable material."
- 80" Chamber - Low Energy Beams
- One of the major, as well as first, decisions which must be taken on a large chamber is to decide on the direction of the magnetic field, i.e., vertical or horizontal. Either alternative has advantages and disadvantages ad it is the intention of this note to discuss these features.
- Acid Formation in the Radiolysis of Phosphorus Esters
- The radiolytic decomposition of tributyl phosphate has been show by burr to product gases, acids, and polymers. the acids that are formed can limit the usefulness of tributyl phosphate for the processing of radioactive materials. The study of acid formation on radiolysis therefor becomes important to us for the understanding of the mechanism of acid formation, the influence of added materials and the effect of the structure of organo- phosphorous compounds. Samples of purified esters have been irradiated in the ORNL cobalt source. Conclusions: (1) The formation of acid from tributyl phosphate during irradiation with cobalt gamma rays involves a mechanism that is not a primary step. Evidence has been obtained for a secondary reaction that is minimized by the presence of certain compounds. (2) Toluene acting as an inhibitor for radiolytic formation of acid may indicate the usefulness of an aromatic hydrocarbon diluent in processing. (3) The aromatic hydrocarbon, when phenyl, was not effective when it was part of the molecule. (4) First tests revealed that dibutyl butyl-phosphonate produced less acid the TBP and may warrant further consideration for process application.
- Additional Experiments on Stored Energy in BNL Reactor Graphite
- In the memorandum entitled "Stored Energy in BNL Reactor Graphite", dated February 25, 1953, there is described an experiment conducted by Gurinsky's group to determine the energy per gram of irradiated graphite released in a 200°C anneal. Similar experiments were subsequently conducted by W. Kosiba, differing from the original in two particulars: a) Instead of two graphite samples, one normal, and one irradiated, Kosiba used only an irradiated sample which he heated first to release the stored energy, and then again after the energy was released. In this way, he obtained time against temperature curves for both normal and irradiated graphite from the same sample. (These curves are graphed for each run in Figs. 1 thru 5.) b) The vycor tubing used in the original experiment was not used by Kosiba. Five runs of this experiment were selected, Runs 4P, 13, 36, and 40 at furnace temperatures of 200°C, and Run 45 at a furnace temperature of 400°C.
- Air conditions close to the ground and the effect on airplane landings
- This report presents the results of an investigation undertaken to determine the feasibility of making glide landings in gusty air. Wind velocities were measured at several stations between the ground and a height of 51 feet, and flight tests were made to determine the actual influence of gusts on an airplane gliding close to the ground.
- Airborne Radiometric Survey of the Inyan Kara Group of the Black Hills, South Dakota and Wyoming
- This report presents the results of an airborne radiometric survey that was made of the Inyan Kara group in the Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming between March 5 to December 5, 1952.
- Alpha-Decay Studies in the Heavy Element Region
- Thesis describing a research conducted to extend observations on nuclear energy levels and how they effect the nucleus itself, and an investigation on the gamma rays associated for the even-even isotopes and to obtain additional data for the oddmass neclei in the hope that more regularities will become apparent for that class of nuclides.
- Alternating Gradient Magnets
- The angle by which a magnet deflects the trajectory of a particle in the x-z plane is proportional to the integral [integral not transcribed] taken over the trajectory wherever B≠0. Alternating gradient focusing is achieved by designing magnets so that I=I(x) varies linearly with x over a suitable x interval. Usually this is done by shaping the poles to give a linear variation of By with x while keeping the length of the magnet constant for different x. Certain advantaged may be gained by varying the effective length of the magnet with x and keeping By constant so that the integral varies properly with x. Figure 1 shows several such poles for which the trajectory length, and hence the integral (1), varies approximately from 2/3 to 4/3 of the mean value.
- Analysis of Spurious Modes in Magnet Power Supply
- "The resonant frequencies of the magnet power supply are investigated. It is found that there are eleven resonant modes in addition to the desired mode of operation with six additional resonant frequencies. From measurements of the choke model, it appears that the frequencies of some of the spurious modes may lie in the same range as the desired mode of operation."
- Autoradiographic Study on the Origin and Fate of Small Lymphoid Cells in the Dog Bone Marrow: Effect of Femoral Artery Clamping During in Vivo Availability of Thymidine-H
- Mammalian bone marrow contains a considerable number of small lymphoid cells (small lymphocytes and small lymphocyte-like cells). The total number of these cells (50,000 to 500,000 per mm3) depends on species, age and other factors. The origin, function and fate of these cells remain obscure in many respects. In particular, it has not been shown beyond doubt, if and to what extent small lymphoid cells enter the bone marrow via the blood stream or if their origin is in part or entirely within the bone marrow. In addition it has not been clearly shown whether or not these cells may function as multipotential hemopoietic stem cells. Results obtained from experiments with irradiated parabiotic animals and animals given regional fractioned doses of X-irradiation, and transplantation of leukocytes from peripheral blood into lethally irradiated recipients afford indirect evidence that peripheral blood of mice and rats may contain stem cells capable of DNA synthesis and division.
- The Ball Tuner Change Tables
- Technique used in deriving values of the linac ball tuner settings to produce various fields is discussed briefly, and tables showing ball tuner change numbers and values used in making up the ball tuner change numbers are given.
- Basic Gamma-Ray Data for ART Heat Deposition Calculations
- In order that fairly accurate thermal stress calculations can be made on the ART, it is necessary to have a reasonable picture of the temperature distribution in the reactor. To get the temperature distributions, and to determine cooling requirements in various parts of the reactor, one must know the heat deposition rates due to alpha particles, beta rays, gamma rays, and neutrons in all parts of the reactor. The present report contains only the basic physical data necessary to determine the heat deposition rates due to gamma rays. Neutron fluxes in the core and reflector regions of the ART are to be obtained from two-dimensional multigroup calculations (performed by the Curtiss-Wright Corporation). These fluxes, in conjunction with the neutron absorption cross sections, determine the neutron capture and inelastic scattering rates in the core and in the reflector. The data in this report permit the calculation of the number of gamma rays originating at various energies at every point in the core and reflector.
- Boiling Heat Transfer of Liquid Metals: a Literature Search
- This partially annotated bibliography contains references on boiling heat transfer of liquid metals. Emphasis is place on boiling heat transfer of liquid sodium, liquid potassium, and liquid rubidium. The period covered is 1950 to date. References are arranged alphabetically by title. Sources used in compiling this bibliography are: Abstracts of Classified Reports, Nuclear Science Abstracts.
- Bubble Chamber Vacuum System
- The vacuum system for the bubble chamber must evacuate rapidly a volume of approximately 500 cubic feet and eliminate the outgassing of a surface area of approximately 50,000 square inches. The backstreaming of oil from the diffusion pump must be kept to an absolute minimum to prevent oil films forming on the window. The vacuum system must also provide the protection against liquid nitrogen and hydrogen/leaks to prevent pressure buildup.
- The Cellular Differences Between Acute and Chronic Neutron and Gamma Ray Irradiation in Mice
- It has been well established that even small doses of radiation will shorten life expectancy of animals, and that in general the causes of death are the same for the irradiated as for the normal animals. When x or γ rays are compared with neutrons in their ability to shorten the life span, some interesting differences appear. All available data from different laboratories on the shortening of the life span by x or γ on the one hand and neutrons on the other, have been compared. In spite of the obvious difficulties in comparing such data, if one expresses dose in terms of the LD 50/30 dose required for acute survival, one can pool the data from other laboratories and plot them on a single graph without excessive error. Results of such a compilation for single acute exposures are shown for x or γ rays in Figure 1 and for neutrons in Figure 2.
- Charging and Discharge of Demineralizer Resins. Section IV. First Performance. Core I, Seed 1. Test Results DL-S-180, T-612085
- The purpose of the test was to determine if the 1A Canal Water System Demineralizers can be satisfactorily charged with resin. The 1A Canal Water System Demineralizer was satisfactorily charged with resin and conductivity of the demineralizer effluent was less than 0.1 microbes as specified in the Test Procedure.
- Chemical Development Section C Progress Report for October-November 1960
- Studies are being made on the recovery of thorium (and uranium) from granitic rock, since this source represents a very large potential thorium reserve for the nuclear power industry. In preliminary leaching studies on 16 granite samples (containing 8-95 ppm thorium and 1.5-16 ppm uranium), maximum recoveries of thorium and uranium ranged 30-85% and 15-65% respectively, and sulfuric acid consumption was high (30-120 lbs H2SO4 per ton of granite). A relatively high acidity was needed to obtain rapid and efficient dissolution of the soluble thorium fraction. The cost of treating granite was estimated at $3.50-5.20 per ton, variations within this range being dependent primarily on differences in acid consumption for different granites. Estimated costs per pound of thorium plus uranium recovered ranged $30-500.
- Contributions to the Water Problem
- Technical report describing the investigation of the short-lived activities produced in oxygen compounds by irradiation with pile neutrons. The most prominent of these activities in cooling water is a beta and gamma emitting activity of about 8 second half-life. Because of its production by epicadmium neutrons it was believed to be the 8 second N16 produced in the pile by n,p on O16. The identification has been accomplished and it is established that the 8 second activity is N16. Part 2 of the report deals with the determination of the recoil range of the Al28 atoms formed by pile n,p reaction on Al27.
- Corrosion Investigations of Redox Pilot Plant Equipment at Oak Ridge National Laboratories
- The following report is based on the observations made during a visit to the Oak Ride National Laboratories of their Redox Pilot Plant equipment.
- The Coulometric Determination of Uranium
- The following report describes a study that was made to adapt a redox method that oxidizes uranium(IV) to uranium(VI) by ferric ion into a microcoulometric method.
- Crystal Structures of Americium Compounds
- The following report describes x-ray diffraction patterns of various compounds of americium and its crystal structures.
- Delayed Failure Hydrogen Embrittlement of Zirconium: Quarterly Report Number 1, September - December 1961
- Abstract: "The purpose of this investigation is to determine the extent to which zirconium exhibits delayed failure (static fatigue) as caused by a combination of absorbed hydrogen and applied stress. Both notched and unnotched specimens of unalloyed zirconium and Zircaloy-2 are being initially hydrogenated to 200 ppm by means of a modified Sieverts apparatus, and delayed failure studies are proceeding at room-temperature. Thus far only preliminary data on unnotched, unalloyed zirconium are available; at the 200 ppm hydrogen level, this material appears to be relatively insensitive to delayed failure at room-temperature."
- The Determination of Decontamination Factors for Radioisotopes Through Lithium Hydroxide Resin. Section I. Second Performance. Core I, Seed 1. Test Results DL-S-277-S, RNI-22
- The purpose of the test was to obtain data on the decontamination factors for Cesium-136, Cesium-137, Strontium-92, one hour gross iodine and Iodine-131. This data will be used to determinate efficiency of lithium hydroxide resin for removing radioactive cations and anions. The denomination factors for a particular demineralizer using lithium hydroxide resign were found to vary for different radioisotopes. This variation was from 2.3 for Cesium136 to 77,000 for gross iodine.
- A Determination of the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Alpha Plutonium
- The coefficient of linear expansion of alpha plutonium has been determined for the range -180 to +100 degree C by the silicon-tube and dial-indicator method. The value of the expansion coefficient is reported as [formula]. Included are a detailed description of the apparatus and a discussion of the method.
- Determination of Uranium in Aluminum-Silicon Alloys
- The following report describes methods developed for determination of uranium in the alloy.
- Development and Preliminary Testing of Powder-Lock Feeder
- At the request of 234-5 Development, studies of a system for controlling plutonium powder transfer were undertaken by Process Equipment Development. This report presents details of equipment designed to fulfill requirements and proposes equipment for installation on additional Hot Button Line prototypes.
- Displaced Atom Densities in Cyclotron Irradiated Metals
- From introduction: "The purpose of this report is to present some design and construction data for automatic titrators."
- The Distribution of Thermal Neutrons in a Slug with Thick End Caps
- The distribution of thermal neutrons in a W slug having a one centimeter aluminum end cap has been calculated on the basis of simple diffusion theory. It is found that the average neutron density, and therefore the power output, at the end of the slug is about 34% higher than the density far from the end cap. This result agrees well with the recent Argonne pile experiments (CP-1729).
- Effect of Fluoride on the Gravimetric Determination of Zirconium in Zirconium Fluoride
- Abstract: "The results of this investigation that it is necessary to remove fluoride prior to precipitation zirconium with mandelic acid or phenyl arsonic acid. Fluoride, however, has little effect on the cupferron method of precipitation. The discovery that zirconium fluoride is soluble in a mixture of aqua regia and sulfuric acid made it possible to dissolve the material without the addition of fluoride from hydrofluoric acid."
- Effect of Moderator Height on Reactor and Vertical Flux Distribution in PRTR
- Primary control of the PRTR is achieved by regulating the level of the heavy water moderator which is held in the reactor vessel by a helium gas balance system. Emergency shutdown is effected by a gas-balanced moderator dump system which drain the moderator from the calandria at a rapid rate. This report presents a quantitative appraisal of the reactivity effects due to moderator level changes in controlling or scramming the reactor. In conjunction with the reactivity calculations, solutions were obtained which yield an evaluation of vertical flux or power distributions for any positioning of the moderator level. Coupled with the radial distributions for a given fuel loading, this information is useful in obtaining the value of the maximum specific power associated with a given power of operation and moderator height. The calculations were made using VALPROD, a one dimensional, multigroup diffusion theory reactor code programmed for the IBM-650 computer.
- Effect of Quadrupole Lenses
- "The effect of correcting quadrupole lenses on the betatron oscillation characteristics of an AG synchrotron was studied, and general formulas are given for the fractional changes of the amplitude and phase functions. Calculations performed for different setups of different numbers of lenses for the CEA synchrotron structure point out that one may correct for sizable errors in the n- value by means of 8 pairs of quadrupole lenses in two consecutive straight sections with the focusing lens between defocusing sectors and vice versa. An increase of BETA /sub max/ of about 5% is obtained for DELTA n/n approximately 0.04. It was found that the necessary corrections can probably be obtained satisfactorily with lenses of 6 in. length. "
- Effect of Temperature on the Surface of Cast Uranium Metal
- Technical report. Photomicrographs showing the effect of heating polished uranium surface at 600, 700, 850, and 1000 degrees C, and sandblasted and cut surface at 1000 degrees C are included.
- The Effects of 2.0 BeV Protons in Mice
- The Brookhaven proton synchrotron (Cosmotron) is capable of accelerating protons to energies as high as 3.0 BeV. The biologic effects of particle bombardment at these energies have not been investigated but are of considerable radiobiologic interest. In addition, particle beams have long been discussed with regard to their potential usefulness in medical therapy, and actual clinical applications have been made, although at lower particle energies. Recent rapid advances in space technology have raised serious questions regarding the dosimetry of cosmic and solar radiations, the spectra of which contain energies in excess of those which have been investigated experimentally. For all of these reasons, we have recently begun a study of the effects of protons at 2.0-2.2 BeV, using the external beam of the Cosmotron.
- Elimination of Interference by Nickel in the Determination of Uranium by Means of Zinc Amalgam Reductors
- The following report was undertaken to overcome poisoning difficulties that are caused by passage of solutions containing nickel through the Jones reductor/zinc amalgam reductors.
- Evaluation of Coated Al2O3 and Tungsten Carbide Bearing-Journal Assemblies in Westinghouse 100A Pump (Summary of Runs S-96A and S97)
- Preliminary results of tests wit the Westinghouse 100A pump indicate that Al2)3 and tungsten carbide coated bearing-journal assemblies prepared by the Linde process are not promising as substitutes for the graphitar-stellite combination. The front Al2O3 assembly failed at start-up with water and both front and rear tungsten carbide assemblies failed after 121 hours with water at 245 C.
- Evaluation of Gust and Draft Velocities from Flights of P-61C Airplanes within Thunderstorms September 4, 1947 to September 5, 1947 at Clinton County Army Air Field, Ohio
- The gust and draft velocities from records of NACA instruments installed in P-61C airplanes participating in thunderstorm flights at Clinton County Army Air Field, Ohio, from September 4, 1947 to September 5, 1947 are presented.
- Evaluation of Sampling Variables : Vessel C-102
- Purpose: "In order to determine the optimum procedure for sampling the coarse-feed tank (C-102) of the NP and MTR process, a systematic series of tests has been conducted to measure the extent of solution stratification and effect of air-sparging as a means of vessel homogenization."
- Evaluation of Type 304 Stainless Steel as a Substitute for Type 347
- Abstract: "Type 347 stainless steel was selected for SIR applications requiring resistance to corrosion in sodium on the basis of limited corrosion data and extrapolation of experience in aqueous media. Subsequent testing indicated that carbide stabilization was not necessary for good resistance to corrosion in sodium. Evaluation of the unstabilized grade of 18-8 stainless steel, Type 304, was intensified because it offered a number advantages over Type 347. Type 304 was more readily available, required fewer strategic materials, was less expensive, and was reported to be weldable with less difficulty. From the results of this investigation, it appears that Type 304 can be substituted for 347 for all SIR applications where the slightly higher elevated temperature strength of 347 is not required."
- Examination of Factors Affecting the Quality of Vacuum Induction-Melted Uranium
- The following report examines primarily water and air factors that affect the quality of vacuum induction-melted uranium, yet follows experiments with other factors such as graphite and zirconium crucibles under dry and wet conditions, usage of hydrogen, oxygen, CO and other subject admitted to determine pressure-time relationships and residual gas compositions, as well as a study of water-gas reaction within the furnace.
- Examination of Factors Affecting the Quality of Vacuum Induction-Melted Uranium
- The following report examines primarily water and air factors that affect the quality of vacuum induction-melted uranium, yet follows experiments with other factors such as graphite and zirconium crucibles under dry and wet conditions, usage of hydrogen, oxygen, CO and other subject admitted to determine pressure-time relationships and residual gas compositions, as well as a study of water-gas reaction within the furnace.
- Experimentation on the Extraction of Uranium from Western Ores by Leaching with Sodium Carbonate and Sodium Bicarbonate
- Purpose: "The purpose of the following experiments was to obtain data on the selective extraction of uranium over vanadiur from samples of vanadium ores by leaching with sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate solutions, with the object of establishing the time, temperature, and concentration conditions necessary for satisfactory extractions."
- [Field Data for Manhattan Quadrangle]
- Page 3 of hydrogeochemical and stream sediment field data collected from a study of the Manhattan quadrangle in Kansas.
- [Field Data for Manhattan Quadrangle, Page 1]
- The first page of field data recording hydrogeochemical and sediment sample studies from the Manhattan quadrangle.
- [Field Data for Manhattan Quadrangle, Page 2]
- Field data recorded from hydrogeochemical and stream sediment studies made in the Manhattan quadrangle, Kansas.
- Further Investigations of Natural Environmental Radiation
- Report documenting the investigation of cosmic and terrestrial background radiation. "Remeasurements in many locations furnished estimates of dosimetric increase in terrestrial levels due to fallout. Radiation measurement sin residential dwellings in he New York metropolitan areas are described" (p. 1).
- Gamma Ray Measurements at the BSR, Experiment II, Iron - Water
- This report provides a table that summarizes the data taken from investigations of gamma radiation of the Bulk Shielding Reactor in an iron-water mixture. The results are plotted on a graph also provided in this document.
- Geology and Drilling Recommendations Oak Spring Area Apache County, Arizona, and San Juan County, New Mexico
- Abstract: Uranium ore deposits on two exposed rims and past production records of tonnage and grade indicate an exploration program is justified in the Oak Springs area. A minimum of 24,000 feet of core drilling is recommended with a maximum of 75,000 feet to be based on favorability as determined by subsurface studies.
- Geology of carnotite-bearing sandstone in the Uravan and Gateway districts, Montrose and Mesa counties, Colorado, and Grand County, Utah
- This report describes the distribution of geologic features that may be used as geologic guides to carnotite deposits, sedimentary trends of the ore-bearing sandstone, and regional structures within and adjacent to the Urvan mineral belt in the Urvan and Gateway mining districts, Montrose and Mesa Counties, Colorado.
- Grain Refinement Produced by an Alpha Phase Anneal of Beta Phase Heat Treated and Water Quenched Uranium
- During an experiment involving alpha phase annealing (at 610 to 655 deg C for 5 and 10 min) of beta-quenched uranium, it was determined that the relatively coarse, irregular shaped grains (0.08 to 0.150 mm in diameter) in the beta-quenched structure, were replaced by fine equiaxed grains (0.04 to 0.09 mm in diameter).
- Healing of Fast-Neutron-Induced Changes in Graphite. III. Further Experiments on Effect of Heating During Exposure
- Abstract. It has been established that heating samples of graphite during exposure in a pile decreases substantially the observed changes in the elastic modulus and electrical resistance caused by the irradiation. The functional relationship between the percentage changes observed and the temperature of exposure resembles the relationship between the final percentage changes and the temperature of heat treatment after exposure (cf. report CC-1668). Anomalous results reported previously for higher temperatures in CC01669 are now shown to be attributable to a destructive influence on the graphite, probably oxidation of samples exposed in air.