Office of Technology Assessment - 916 Matching Results
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- The 1992 World Administrative Radio Conference: Issues for U.S. International Spectrum Policy
- This report examines the U.S. preparations process for WARC-92, highlighting efforts to integrate the needs and concerns of various interest groups. It also reviews the forces and trends affecting the United States as it approaches WARC-92, and is intended to inform future congressional oversight of the domestic and international radio communication policy process.
- The 1992 World Administrative Radio Conference: Technology and Policy Implications
- This paper examined the technologies and issues to be considered at World Administrative Radio Conference (WARC)-92, discusses the international and domestic context for WARC-93 preparations, and analyzed the U.S. process of conference preparation.
- The 1992 World Administrative Radio Conference: technology and policy implications
- This report discusses the role of radio technologies and services in our daily lives. The report elaborates on the outcomes and implications for U.S. radio technology, and the next steps and lessons for the future.
- Abstracts of Case Studies in the Health Technology Case Study Series
- Compilation of report abstracts for publications in the Office of Technology Assessment "Health Technology Case Studies Series" which provide background information on technologies related to healthcare and medicine.
- Access to Over-the-Road Buses for Persons With Disabilities
- This report is part of a process leading to regulations to be issued by the U.S. Department of Transportation. This process has included a review of a draft of this study by the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board (ATBCB).
- Access to Space: The Future of U.S. Space Transportation Systems
- This report is the final, summarizing report in a series of products from a broad assessment of space transportation technologies undertaken by OTA for the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology.
- Accessibility and Integrity of Networked Information Collections
- The paper begins with a survey of recent developments in networked information resources and tools to identify, navigate, and use such resources. The paper then discusses the changing legal framework that governs use of electronic information as contract law rather than simple sale within the context of copyright law becomes the dominant model for acquiring access to electronic information.
- The Accommodation of intellectual property law to the introduction of new technologies; Copyright and new technology; The Impact on the Law of Privacy, Antitrust and Free Speech
- This report discusses the copyright protection laws and the surrounding issues.
- Accuracy of diagnosis and consequences of misdiagnosis of disorders causing dementia
- This report discusses the diagnosis of clinical syndrome of dementia, accuracy of differential diagnosis of dementig disorders, prognosis and prognostic accuracy, public health consequences of misdiagnosis,and summary of recommendations.
- Acid Rain and Transported Air Pollutants: Implications for Public Policy
- A report by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) that "synthesizes OTA's technical analyses of acid rain and other transported pollutants, and presents policy alternatives for congressional considerations" (p. iii).
- Adjusting to a New Security Environment: The Defense Technology and Industrial Base Challenge
- This background paper, OTA sought information and advice from a broad spectrum of knowledgeable individuals and organizations whose contributions are gratefully acknowledged. As with all OTA studies, the content of this background paper is the sole responsibility of the Office of Technology Assessment and does not necessarily represent the views of our advisers and reviewers.
- Adolescent Health Insurance Status: Analyses of Trends in Coverage and Preliminary Estimates of the Effects of an Employer Mandate and Medicaid Expansion on the Uninsured
- This report examines the health insurance status of adolescents (10 to 18 years of age) based on census data. It considers the reasons that some adolescents are insured and others are not, changes in the number of uninsured adolescents over time, and the effects of various approaches to ensure that more adolescents have insurance.
- Adolescent Health, Volume 1: Summary and Policy Options
- This OTA’s report responds to the request of numerous Members of Congress to review the physical, emotional, and behavioral health status of contemporary American adolescents, including adolescents in groups who might be more likely to be in special need of health-related interventions: adolescents living in poverty, adolescents from racial and ethnic minority groups, Native American adolescents, and adolescents in rural areas. In addition, OTA was asked to: 1 ) identify risk and protective factors for adolescent health problems and integrate national data in order to understand the clustering of specific adolescent problems, 2) evaluate options in the organization of health services and technologies available to adolescents (including accessibility and financing), 3) assess options in the conduct of national health surveys to improve collection of adolescent health statistics, and 4) identify gaps in research on the health and behavior of adolescents.
- Adolescent Health, Volume 2: Background and the Effectiveness of Selected Prevention and Treatment Services
- The report responds to the request of numerous Members of Congress to review the physical, emotional, and behavioral health status of contemporary American adolescents, including adolescents in groups who might be more likely to be in special need of health-related interventions: adolescents living in poverty, adolescents from racial and ethnic minority groups, Native American adolescents, and adolescents in rural areas.
- Adolescent Health, Volume 3: Crosscutting Issues in the Delivery of Health and Related Services
- OTA’s report responds to the request of numerous Members of Congress to review the physical, emotional, and behavioral health status of contemporary American adolescents, including adolescents in groups who might be more likely to be in special need of health-related interventions: adolescents living in poverty, adolescents from racial and ethnic minority groups, Native American adolescents, and adolescents in rural areas.
- Adult Literacy and New Technologies: Tools for a Lifetime
- Adult education needs are difficult to define and difficult to meet; what constitutes adequate literacy changes continually as the demands facing individuals grow more complex. This report is an attempt to identify those capabilities, along with limitations, and outline how new information technologies can be marshaled to meet the goal of a fully literate citizenry.
- Advanced Automotive Technology: Visions of a Super-Efficient Family Car
- This report presents the results of the Office of Technology Assessment’s analysis of the prospects for developing automobiles that offer significant improvements in fuel economy and reduced emissions over the longer term (out to the year 2015). The report examines the likely costs and performance of a range of technologies and vehicle types, and the U.S. and foreign research and development programs for these technologies and vehicles (to allow completion of this study before OTA closed its doors, issues such as infrastructure development and market development--- critical to the successful commercialization of advanced vehicles-were not covered).
- Advanced Materials by Design
- This assessment responds to a joint request from the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation to analyze the military and commercial opportunities presented by new structural materials technologies, and to outline the Federal policy objectives that are consistent with those opportunities.
- Advanced Network Technology
- This background paper analyzes technologies for tomorrow’s information superhighways. Advanced networks will first be used to support scientists in their work, linking researchers to supercomputers, databases, and scientific instruments. The paper also describes six test networks that are being funded as part of the High Performance Computing and Communications Program.
- Advanced Vehicle/Highway Systems and Urban Traffic Problems
- A report on Advanced Vehicle/Highway Systems (AVHS),as an umbrella term for several interdependent vehicle and road technologies, that offers potential for reducing congestion and the air pollution it engenders, and for improving highway safety.
- Adverse Reactions to HIV Vaccines: Medical, Ethical, and Legal Issues
- The purpose of this background paper is to describe the current state of development of HIV vaccines, and to discuss what is known about adverse reactions that may occur. The background paper provides an overview of ethical issues that arise in the conduct of HIV vaccine trials. The report also discusses alternatives to the current product liability system to encourage the development of HIV vaccines and to fairly compensate those who are harmed as a result of adverse reactions to the vaccine.
- Affordable Spacecraft: Design and Launch Alternatives
- This background paper examines several proposals for reducing the costs of spacecraft and other payloads and describes launch systems for implementing them. It is one of a series of products of a broad assessment of space transportation technologies undertaken by OTA at the request of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology.
- Africa Tomorrow: Issues in Technology, Agriculture, and U.S. Foreign Aid
- A technical memorandum by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) that discusses the "major issues constraining the development and transfer of sustainable technologies for low-resource food producers" (p. iii).
- After the Cold War: Living With Lower Defense Spending
- This report focuses on ways to handle the dislocation of workers and communities that is, to some degree, inevitable in the defense cutback. It opens a discussion of how defense technologies might be converted to commercial applications. The second and final report of the assessment will continue that discussion and will concentrate on opportunities to channel human and technological resources into building a stronger civilian economy.
- Aging Nuclear Power Plants: Managing Plant Life and Decommissioning
- This report examines the following: the outlook for safety management and economic life decisions for the Nation’s existing nuclear power plants as they age, the prospects for decommissioning, and current and potential Federal efforts that could contribute to more timely and better informed decisions regarding plant life and decommissioning.
- Agricultural Commodities as Industrial Raw Materials
- This report examines potential new crops and traditional crops for industrial uses including replacements for petroleum and imported strategic materials; replacements for imported newsprint, wood rosins, rubbers, and oils; and degradable plastics. This report finds that, in the absence of additional and more comprehensive policies, developing industrial uses for agricultural commodities alone is unlikely to revitalize rural economies and solve the problems of American agriculture.
- Agricultural Postharvest Technology and Marketing Economics Research
- A technical memorandum by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) that presents "findings and conclusions regarding the role of the public and private research participants in the PHTME (postharvest technology and marketing economics) research, the benefits and burdens of PHTME research, trends in PHTME research funding, quality of PHTME research, and management of PHTME research in the public sector (p. iii).
- Agricultural Research and Technology Transfer Policies for the 1990s: a special report of OTA's assessment on emerging agricultural technology: issues for the 1990s
- This report addresses the central issues in the debate of the 1990 Farm Bill. It was requested as part of a larger study examining emerging agricultural technologies and related issues for the 1990s by the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry and the House Committee on Agriculture.
- Agriculture, Trade, and Environment: Achieving Complementary Policies
- This report provides information that can help align agricultural legislation with emerging needs and trends. Current policies do not ameliorate conflicts between agricultural production and environmental quality, between trade and the environment, and between agriculture and competitive trade.
- Aid to developing countries: the technology/ecology fit
- This report focuses primarily on AID and to a lesser extent on the World Bank. AID and the World Bank have made the most observable efforts to integrate environmental and development concerns.
- Aids and Health Insurance: An OTA Survey
- This survey was conducted as part of an Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) assessment on medical testing and health insurance that will be published at a later date. OTA is also monitoring AIDS-related developments for the U.S. Congress, and the survey results are being published by OTA as the second in a series of Staff Papers on AIDS-related issues.
- Aircraft Evacuation Testing: Research and Technology Issues
- This report describes the OTA study that examined regulatory, research, and technology issues related to passenger safety and evacuation testing.
- Airport and Air Traffic Control System
- A report by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) that assesses "scenarios of future growth in air transportation; alternative ways to increase airport and terminal area capacity; technological and economic alternatives to the ATC (air traffic control) system modifications proposed by the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration); and alternatives to the present ATC process" (p. 3).
- Airport System Development
- A study by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) that "examines present conditions and future needs of the Nation's airports, with emphasis on possible solutions to problems of operational capacity and air travel delay" (p. iii).
- An Alaskan Challenge: Native Village Sanitation
- This OTA assessment reviews the status of federal government efforts to provide safe sanitation to Alaskan Natives and the technologies that have been used or proposed for this purpose. Finally, the report examines the legislative and institutional setting for the waste sanitation problems, and the criteria that need to be applied in selecting and implementing new technologies.
- Alaskan Water for California?: The Subsea Pipeline Option
- This background paper focuses on one technological option for increasing the supply of fresh water to the Southwest-that of building a freshwater subsea pipeline to transport water from Alaska to California. Originally a suggestion by Governor Walter Hickel of Alaska, the proposal has recently attracted attention in southern California.
- Alternative Approaches to Cargo Policy: A Supplement to an Assessment of Maritime Trade and Technology
- Proceedings from a conference that covers the topics "1) the effects of cargo policies now in force; 2) the status of new policies under consideration by the United States and its various trading partners; and 3) costs and benefits of existing, proposed and alternative policies" (p. iii)
- Alternative approaches to developing a cadre of "teacher technologists"
- This report discusses the use of technology in education of students K-12 and university.
- Alternative Coca Reduction Strategies in the Andean Region
- This report identifies opportunities for and constraints to reducing Andean coca production through: 1) improving U.S. alternative development efforts and 2) applying biological control technology (bio-control) to eradicate illegally produced coca.
- Alternative Energy Futures: Part 1-The Future of Liquefied Natural Gas Imports
- An assessment by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) that "addresses whether or not additional liquefied natural gas (LNG) imports should be encouraged or restricted in the context of future national energy requirements and supply alternatives" (p. 3).
- Alternatives to Animal Use in Research, Testing, and Education
- An assessment by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) that "analyzes the scientific, regulatory, economic, legal, and ethical considerations involved in alternative technologies in biomedical and behavioral research, toxicity testing, and education" (p. iii).
- American firms and the transfer of technology to China: how business people view the process
- This report examines some of the ideas and impressions of business people from firm of varying sizes that are transferring technology to China. It also examines the factors that these American business people view as helpful and those that they perceive as stumbling blocks to their China projects.
- American Military Power: Future Needs, Future Choices
- This background paper outlines some of the issues of importance for making choices about the future nature and role of U.S. armed forces, and suggests how these choices will affect defense base requirements. The final report of the assessment, to be delivered in the spring of 1992, will address specific policy options arising from the strategic choices and tactical decisions discussed here.
- American Society of Mechanical Engineers Rail Transportation Divsion
- This report discusses the railway systems in China, United States and Canada. A number of Chinese PRC railroad officers, engineers, transportation specialists, and planning experts studied in the USA.
- Analysis of data bases for health services research on dementia
- This report offers different sources of data regarding different forms of dementia, as well as illustrations and applications in a different settings.
- Analysis of issues relating to implementing a medicare physician fee schedule
- This report provides background information on the tasks of studying alternative physician payment methodologies including replacement of CPR system with national or regional fee schedule.
- Analysis of Laws Governing Access Across Federal Lands
- A report by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) analyzing "the laws governing Federal land management systems, the laws specifically applicable to Alaskan lands, and the major environmental and land-planning laws that affect access across Federal land management systems" (p. iii).
- An Analysis of the ERDA Plan and Program
- A report prepared by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) analyzing a plan put forth by the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA). This report assesses the plan and "is intended to provide the Congress with much of the background information necessary for an effective analysis of ERDA's energy R&D programs" (p. vii).
- An analysis of the feasibility of separating exploration from production of oil and gas on the outer continental shelf
- A report on an analysis done by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) on whether or not it is feasible to separate "exploration from production of oil and gas on the Outer Continental Shelf" (p. iii).
- An Analysis of the Impacts of the Projected Natural Gas Curtailments for the Winter 1975-76
- A report prepared by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) analyzing the potential impacts of the expected natural gas shortage of the winter of 1975-76. The study's objectives are to "determine the extent to which these projected curtailments reflect the actual situation and what the impacts and potential danger points might be as a result of the natural gas shortage" (p. ix).