Latest content added for UNT Digital Library Collection: Congressional Research Service Reportshttps://digital.library.unt.edu/explore/collections/CRSR/browse/?sort=title&start=30&fq=str_location_country:Iraq2016-03-19T13:57:26-05:00UNT LibrariesThis is a custom feed for browsing UNT Digital Library Collection: Congressional Research Service ReportsDepartment of Defense Contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq: Background and Analysis2011-08-27T10:13:38-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc40080/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc40080/"><img alt="Department of Defense Contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq: Background and Analysis" title="Department of Defense Contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq: Background and Analysis" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc40080/small/"/></a></p><p>This report provides a detailed analysis of contractor personnel trends and contracting dollars obligated in U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM), Afghanistan, and Iraq.</p>Department of Defense Fuel Costs in Iraq2012-07-24T12:39:36-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc94246/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc94246/"><img alt="Department of Defense Fuel Costs in Iraq" title="Department of Defense Fuel Costs in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc94246/small/"/></a></p><p>This report discusses the Department of Defense (DOD) fuel costs in Iraq. It analyzes the disparity between the higher price of fuel supplied to the United States Central Command compared to Iraq's civilian population that has been a point of contention.</p>Department of Defense Fuel Costs in Iraq2008-12-11T20:32:27-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10776/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10776/"><img alt="Department of Defense Fuel Costs in Iraq" title="Department of Defense Fuel Costs in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10776/small/"/></a></p><p>Since the invasion of Iraq in 2003, the average price of fuels purchased for military operations in Iraq has steadily increased. The disparity between the higher price of fuel supplied to the United States Central Command compared to Iraq's civilian population
has been a point of contention. Several factors contribute to the disparity, including the different types of fuel used by the military compared to Iraqi civilians, the Iraqi government's price subsidies, and the level pricing that the DOD's Defense Logistics Agency charges for military customers around the world. The Iraqi government has been pressured to reduce its fuel subsidy and black market fuel prices remain higher than the official subsidized price.</p>The Department of Defense's Use of Private Security Contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq: Background, Analysis, and Options for Congress2012-09-19T20:16:14-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103066/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103066/"><img alt="The Department of Defense's Use of Private Security Contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq: Background, Analysis, and Options for Congress" title="The Department of Defense's Use of Private Security Contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq: Background, Analysis, and Options for Congress" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103066/small/"/></a></p><p>This report examines current private security contractor (PSC) trends in Afghanistan and Iraq, steps the Department of Defense (DOD) has taken to improve oversight and management, and the impact that using private security personnel can have on military operations. It also reviews steps Congress has taken to exercise oversight over the use of PSCs and includes options for Congress.</p>The Department of Defense's Use of Private Security Contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq: Background, Analysis, and Options for Congress2011-08-27T10:13:38-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc40082/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc40082/"><img alt="The Department of Defense's Use of Private Security Contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq: Background, Analysis, and Options for Congress" title="The Department of Defense's Use of Private Security Contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq: Background, Analysis, and Options for Congress" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc40082/small/"/></a></p><p>This report examines current PSC trends in Afghanistan and Iraq, steps DOD has taken to improve oversight and management, and the impact using private security personnel can have on military operations. It also reviews steps Congress has taken to exercise oversight over the use of PSCs and includes options for Congress.</p>DOD Train and Equip Authorities to Counter the Islamic State2016-03-19T13:57:26-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc811092/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc811092/"><img alt="DOD Train and Equip Authorities to Counter the Islamic State" title="DOD Train and Equip Authorities to Counter the Islamic State" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc811092/small/"/></a></p><p>None</p>An Enhanced European Role in Iraq?2016-03-19T13:57:26-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc805485/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc805485/"><img alt="An Enhanced European Role in Iraq?" title="An Enhanced European Role in Iraq?" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc805485/small/"/></a></p><p>None</p>European Fighters in Syria and Iraq: Assessments, Responses, and Issues for the United States2015-06-15T14:46:40-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc627136/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc627136/"><img alt="European Fighters in Syria and Iraq: Assessments, Responses, and Issues for the United States" title="European Fighters in Syria and Iraq: Assessments, Responses, and Issues for the United States" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc627136/small/"/></a></p><p>This report discusses U.S. and European assessments of and responses to the foreign fighter phenomenon. It focuses on government policies primarily in Western European countries and analyzes EU measures to counter the foreign fighter threat given the EU's largely open internal borders and that 23 EU member states belong to the U.S. Visa Waiver Program.</p>Executive Order 13,438: Blocking Property of Certain Persons Who Threaten Stabilization Efforts in Iraq2016-03-19T13:57:26-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc808042/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc808042/"><img alt="Executive Order 13,438: Blocking Property of Certain Persons Who Threaten Stabilization Efforts in Iraq" title="Executive Order 13,438: Blocking Property of Certain Persons Who Threaten Stabilization Efforts in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc808042/small/"/></a></p><p>None</p>Executive Order 13438: Blocking Property of Certain Persons Who Threaten Stabilization Efforts in Iraq2015-05-29T05:37:21-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc505572/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc505572/"><img alt="Executive Order 13438: Blocking Property of Certain Persons Who Threaten Stabilization Efforts in Iraq" title="Executive Order 13438: Blocking Property of Certain Persons Who Threaten Stabilization Efforts in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc505572/small/"/></a></p><p>This report provides a brief history of the development of presidential powers in peacetime. It discusses some of the issues that might be raised in light of the contrast between the executive order's broad language and its narrow aim. It examines the reach of the executive order and provides legal analyses of some of the constitutional questions raised in the courts by similar sanctions programs.</p>FY2004 Supplemental Appropriations for Iraq, Afghanistan, and the Global War on Terrorism: Military Operations & Reconstruction Assistance2016-03-19T13:57:26-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc812904/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc812904/"><img alt="FY2004 Supplemental Appropriations for Iraq, Afghanistan, and the Global War on Terrorism: Military Operations & Reconstruction Assistance" title="FY2004 Supplemental Appropriations for Iraq, Afghanistan, and the Global War on Terrorism: Military Operations & Reconstruction Assistance" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc812904/small/"/></a></p><p>None</p>The FY2007 National Defense Authorization Act: Selected Military Personnel Policy Issues2006-12-05T13:05:43-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9491/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9491/"><img alt="The FY2007 National Defense Authorization Act: Selected Military Personnel Policy Issues" title="The FY2007 National Defense Authorization Act: Selected Military Personnel Policy Issues" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9491/small/"/></a></p><p>This report examines a number of issues being considered by Congress as the FY2007 National Defense Authorization Act evolves. In each case, a brief synopsis is provided that includes background information, a comparison of the House and Senate provisions, if any, and a brief discussion of the issue. Where appropriate, other CRS products are identified to provide more detailed background information and analysis of the issue. For each issue, a CRS analyst is identified and contact information is provided.</p>FY2009 Spring Supplemental Appropriations for Overseas Contingency Operations2010-07-07T17:39:19-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26148/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26148/"><img alt="FY2009 Spring Supplemental Appropriations for Overseas Contingency Operations" title="FY2009 Spring Supplemental Appropriations for Overseas Contingency Operations" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26148/small/"/></a></p><p>This report discusses the White House's request for supplemental appropriations that include funding for defense, foreign affairs, and domestic fire fighting. The report details the different programs and areas that the appropriations would fund, including operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, preparedness and emergency management measures relating to the swine flu outbreak, border security between the United States and Mexico, benchmark assessment in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and other general defense operations.</p>FY2009 Spring Supplemental Appropriations for Overseas Contingency Operations2010-07-07T17:39:19-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26149/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26149/"><img alt="FY2009 Spring Supplemental Appropriations for Overseas Contingency Operations" title="FY2009 Spring Supplemental Appropriations for Overseas Contingency Operations" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26149/small/"/></a></p><p>This report discusses the White House's request for supplemental appropriations that include funding for defense, foreign affairs, and domestic fire fighting. The report details the different programs and areas that the appropriations would fund, including operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, preparedness and emergency management measures relating to the swine flu outbreak, border security between the United States and Mexico, benchmark assessment in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and other general defense operations.</p>A Guide to U.S. Military Casualty Statistics: Operation New Dawn, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation Enduring Freedom2014-04-02T19:38:14-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc282275/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc282275/"><img alt="A Guide to U.S. Military Casualty Statistics: Operation New Dawn, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation Enduring Freedom" title="A Guide to U.S. Military Casualty Statistics: Operation New Dawn, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation Enduring Freedom" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc282275/small/"/></a></p><p>This report presents statistics regarding U.S. military casualties in the active Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF, Afghanistan), as well as operations that have ended: Operation New Dawn (OND, Iraq) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF, Iraq). It includes statistics on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), amputations, evacuations, and the demographics of casualties. Some of these statistics are publicly available at the Department of Defense's (DOD's) website; others have been obtained through contact with experts at the DOD.</p>Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) in Iraq and Afghanistan: Effects and Countermeasures2008-12-11T20:27:53-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10213/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10213/"><img alt="Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) in Iraq and Afghanistan: Effects and Countermeasures" title="Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) in Iraq and Afghanistan: Effects and Countermeasures" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10213/small/"/></a></p><p>Since October 2001, Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs, or roadside bombs) have been responsible for many of the more than 2,000 combat deaths in Iraq, and 178 combat deaths in Afghanistan. IEDs are hidden behind signs and guardrails, under roadside debris, or inside animal carcasses, and encounters with these bombs are becoming more numerous and deadly in both Iraq and Afghanistan. Department of Defense (DOD) efforts to counter IEDs have proven only marginally effective, and U.S. forces continue to be exposed to the threat at military checkpoints, or whenever on patrol. IEDs are increasingly being used in Afghanistan, and DOD reportedly is concerned that they might eventually be more widely used by other insurgents and terrorists worldwide.</p>Intelligence Issues for Congress2010-12-04T14:26:25-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc29674/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc29674/"><img alt="Intelligence Issues for Congress" title="Intelligence Issues for Congress" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc29674/small/"/></a></p><p>To address the challenges facing the U.S. intelligence community in the 21st century, congressional and executive branch initiatives have sought to improve coordination among the different agencies and to encourage better analysis. This report discusses these challenges and efforts the current and previous Administrations and Congresses have taken and are taking to address them. The report includes criticism of the intelligence community's efforts regarding Iraq, Iran, and other areas. Improved analysis remains a key goal in these discussions.</p>Iran-Iraq Relations2015-03-30T22:03:27-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501917/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501917/"><img alt="Iran-Iraq Relations" title="Iran-Iraq Relations" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501917/small/"/></a></p><p>This report provides background information on Iran's support to armed groups and Iranian political influence and specifically discusses the relationship between Iran and Iraq.</p>Iran-Iraq Relations2015-01-27T19:40:46-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc491609/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc491609/"><img alt="Iran-Iraq Relations" title="Iran-Iraq Relations" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc491609/small/"/></a></p><p>This report provides background information on Iran's support to armed groups and Iranian political influence. The report discusses the relationship between Iran and Iraq.</p>The Iran-Iraq War: Implications for U.S. Policy2007-06-12T16:33:18-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9596/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9596/"><img alt="The Iran-Iraq War: Implications for U.S. Policy" title="The Iran-Iraq War: Implications for U.S. Policy" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9596/small/"/></a></p><p>This report discusses the Iran-Iraq conflict at its present state, which has become a war of attrition with neither side capable of achieving a decisive military victory over the other in the short term. U.S. policy concerns currently are threefold: first, that Iraq, despite moves to sustain its economic and military capacities, ultimately might suffer a destabilizing defeat to the detriment of U.S. interests in the Persian Gulf region; second, that future instability in Iran could open opportunities for Soviet exploitation; and third, that the conflict might expand beyond its present confines to threaten friendly regional states and the availability of their vast petroleum resources.</p>Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses2010-12-04T14:26:25-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc29648/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc29648/"><img alt="Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses" title="Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc29648/small/"/></a></p><p>Much of the debate over U.S. policy toward Iran has centered on the nature of the current regime; some believe that Iran, a country of about 70 million people, is a threat to U.S. interests because hardliners in Iran's regime dominate and set a policy direction
intended to challenge U.S. influence and allies in the region. President George W. Bush, in his January 29, 2002, State of the Union message, labeled Iran part of an "axis of evil" along with
Iraq and North Korea.</p>Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq2010-07-07T17:39:19-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26330/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26330/"><img alt="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" title="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26330/small/"/></a></p><p>This report discusses the relationship between Iraq and Iran in the post-Saddam Hussein era, with particular focus on what Iran's intentions and/or long-term goals may be for increasing its influence in Iraq. The report explores the various strategies that Iran has used to spread its influence throughout Iraq's military and political spheres. The report also addresses the United States' concern over the Iran-Iraq relationship, especially as it concerns armed Shiite factions and U.S. efforts to stabilize Iraq.</p>Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq2014-12-05T09:57:41-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc463076/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc463076/"><img alt="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" title="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc463076/small/"/></a></p><p>This report discusses the relationship between Iraq and Iran in the post-Saddam Hussein era, with particular focus on what Iran's intentions and/or long-term goals may be for increasing its influence in Iraq. The report explores the various strategies that Iran has used to spread its influence throughout Iraq's military and political spheres. The report also addresses the United States' concern over the Iran-Iraq relationship, especially as it concerns armed Shiite factions and U.S. efforts to stabilize Iraq.</p>Iran’s Activities and Influence in Iraq2016-03-19T13:57:26-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc819640/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc819640/"><img alt="Iran’s Activities and Influence in Iraq" title="Iran’s Activities and Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc819640/small/"/></a></p><p>This report outlines Iran's activities and influence in Iraq. Iran is materially assisting major Shiite Muslim political factions in Iraq, most of which have longstanding ideological, political, and religious ties to Tehran, and their armed militias.</p>Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq2015-08-27T16:20:31-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700778/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700778/"><img alt="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" title="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700778/small/"/></a></p><p>This report discusses the relationship between Iraq and Iran in the post-Saddam Hussein era, with particular focus on what Iran's intentions and/or long-term goals may be for increasing its influence in Iraq. The report explores the various strategies that Iran has used to spread its influence throughout Iraq's military and political spheres. The report also addresses the United States' concern over the Iran-Iraq relationship, especially as it concerns armed Shiite factions and U.S. efforts to stabilize Iraq.</p>Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq2015-08-27T16:20:31-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700645/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700645/"><img alt="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" title="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700645/small/"/></a></p><p>This report discusses the relationship between Iraq and Iran in the post-Saddam Hussein era, with particular focus on what Iran's intentions and/or long-term goals may be for increasing its influence in Iraq. The report explores the various strategies that Iran has used to spread its influence throughout Iraq's military and political spheres. The report also addresses the United States' concern over the Iran-Iraq relationship, especially as it concerns armed Shiite factions and U.S. efforts to stabilize Iraq.</p>Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq2008-12-11T20:31:50-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10652/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10652/"><img alt="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" title="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10652/small/"/></a></p><p>Iran is materially assisting and influencing major Shiite Muslim factions in Iraq, most of which have ideological, political, and religious ties to Tehran. Among these factions is that of hardline anti-U.S. cleric Moqtada Al Sadr, whose Mahdi Army militia, according to some observers, serves as a proxy force for Tehran against the United
States.</p>Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq2008-12-11T20:31:51-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10653/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10653/"><img alt="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" title="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10653/small/"/></a></p><p>Iran is materially assisting and influencing major Shiite Muslim factions in Iraq, most of which have ideological, political, and religious ties to Tehran. Among these factions is that of hardline anti-U.S. cleric Moqtada Al Sadr, whose Mahdi Army militia, according to some observers, serves as a proxy force for Tehran against the United
States.</p>Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq2008-12-11T20:31:51-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10654/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10654/"><img alt="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" title="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10654/small/"/></a></p><p>Iran is materially assisting and attempting to influence, in most cases against the United States, major Shiite Muslim factions in Iraq, most of which have ideological, political, and religious ties to Tehran. The Administration asserts that Tehran is actively directing, training, and arming Shiite militiamen linked, to varying degrees, to hardline anti-U.S. cleric Moqtada Al Sadr. Some analysts see a virtual "proxy war" between the United States and Iran inside Iraq.</p>Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq2008-12-11T20:31:52-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10655/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10655/"><img alt="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" title="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10655/small/"/></a></p><p>Iran is materially assisting all major Shiite Muslim political factions in Iraq, most of which have longstanding ideological, political, and religious ties to Tehran, and their armed militias. The Administration notes growing involvement by Tehran in actively directing training, and arming Shiite militiamen linked, to varying degrees, to hardline cleric Moqtada Al Sadr. Some analysis goes so far as to see a virtual "proxy war" between the United States and Iran inside Iraq.</p>Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq2008-12-11T20:31:52-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10656/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10656/"><img alt="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" title="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10656/small/"/></a></p><p>With a conventional military and weapons of mass destruction (WMD) threat from Saddam Hussein's regime removed, Iran seeks to ensure that Iraq can never again become a threat to Iran, either with or without U.S. forces present in Iraq. By supporting armed Shiite factions, Iran's influence in Iraq has at times hindered U.S. efforts to
stabilize Iraq, and has heightened the U.S. threat perception of Iran generally. However, Iran faces difficult choices in Iraq now that its protege Shiite factions, formerly united, are competing and often fighting each other.</p>Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq2008-12-11T20:31:52-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10657/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10657/"><img alt="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" title="Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10657/small/"/></a></p><p>Iran is materially assisting and influencing major Shiite Muslim factions in Iraq, most of which have ideological, political, and religious ties to Tehran. The Shiite faction of paramount concern to the Administration is that of Moqtada Al Sadr, whose Mahdi Army militia has periodically battled U.S. and Iraqi government forces, although it is currently relatively quiescent.</p>Iran’s Influence in Iraq2016-03-19T13:57:26-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc819001/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc819001/"><img alt="Iran’s Influence in Iraq" title="Iran’s Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc819001/small/"/></a></p><p>This report examines Iran's influence in Iraq post-Saddam. This is in large part because the dominant parties in Iraq have long-standing ideological, political, and religious sectarian ties to Tehran. A key U.S. concern is that Iran, seeking to ensure the political prospects of its proteges, supports Shiite militias that are committing sectarian violence. Since December 2006, the Administration has tried to reverse Iranian influence in Iraq while also engaging Iran diplomatically on Iraq.</p>Iran’s Influence in Iraq2016-03-19T13:57:26-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc808560/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc808560/"><img alt="Iran’s Influence in Iraq" title="Iran’s Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc808560/small/"/></a></p><p>This report describes Iran's influence over the post-Saddam government in Iraq. A key concern is that Iran is extending support for related militias in Iraq that are now responsible for much of the sectarian violence in Iraq.</p>Iran's Influence in Iraq2008-12-11T20:27:53-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10214/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10214/"><img alt="Iran's Influence in Iraq" title="Iran's Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10214/small/"/></a></p><p>Iran's influence over the post-Saddam government in Iraq is substantial because the predominant parties in that government have long enjoyed Tehran's sponsorship. An emerging concern is that Iran's influence has extended to support for militant groups in Iraq. U.S. officials say that sophisticated explosive devices are entering Iraq from Iran, suggesting that Iran, or factions within Iran, are backing Iraqi factions that use violence to oppose the U.S. presence in Iraq.</p>Iran's Influence in Iraq2008-12-11T20:27:53-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10215/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10215/"><img alt="Iran's Influence in Iraq" title="Iran's Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10215/small/"/></a></p><p>Iran's influence over the post-Saddam government in Iraq is substantial because the predominant parties in that government have long enjoyed Tehran's sponsorship. An emerging concern is that Iran's influence has extended to support for militant groups in Iraq. U.S. officials say that sophisticated explosive devices are entering Iraq from Iran, suggesting that Iran, or factions within Iran, are backing Iraqi factions that use violence to oppose the U.S. presence in Iraq.</p>Iran's Influence in Iraq2006-02-28T08:43:43-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8312/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8312/"><img alt="Iran's Influence in Iraq" title="Iran's Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8312/small/"/></a></p><p>This report discusses Iran’s influence over the post-Saddam government in Iraq, which is substantial because the predominant parties in that government have long enjoyed Tehran’s sponsorship. An emerging concern is that Iran’s influence has extended to support for militant groups in Iraq. Some U.S. statements and press sources say that sophisticated explosive devices are entering Iraq from Iran, suggesting that Iran, or factions within Iran, are backing Iraqi factions that use violence to oppose the U.S. and allied military presence in Iraq.</p>Iran's Influence in Iraq2005-12-21T17:07:47-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7968/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7968/"><img alt="Iran's Influence in Iraq" title="Iran's Influence in Iraq" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7968/small/"/></a></p><p>None</p>Iraq Agriculture and Food Supply: Background and Issues2005-09-27T13:51:47-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7103/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7103/"><img alt="Iraq Agriculture and Food Supply: Background and Issues" title="Iraq Agriculture and Food Supply: Background and Issues" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7103/small/"/></a></p><p>This report describes the influence military conflict and international sanctions have had on agriculture in relation to Iraq's economy. This includes the 1980-88 Iran-Iraq War, the 1991 Gulf War, and 2003 Iraq War, the varying degrees of government effort to promote and/or control agricultural production, and the response to 1990 U.N. Sanctions.</p>Iraq Casualties: U.S. Military Forces and Iraqi Civilians, Police, and Security Forces2011-03-09T09:26:47-06:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc31345/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc31345/"><img alt="Iraq Casualties: U.S. Military Forces and Iraqi Civilians, Police, and Security Forces" title="Iraq Casualties: U.S. Military Forces and Iraqi Civilians, Police, and Security Forces" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc31345/small/"/></a></p><p>This report presents U.S. military casualties as well as governmental and nongovernmental estimates of Iraqi civilian, police, and security forces casualties.</p>Iraq Casualties: U.S. Military Forces and Iraqi Civilians, Police, and Security Forces2015-03-30T22:03:27-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501674/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501674/"><img alt="Iraq Casualties: U.S. Military Forces and Iraqi Civilians, Police, and Security Forces" title="Iraq Casualties: U.S. Military Forces and Iraqi Civilians, Police, and Security Forces" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501674/small/"/></a></p><p>This report presents U.S. military casualties as well as governmental and nongovernmental estimates of Iraqi civilian, police, and security forces casualties.</p>Iraq Casualties: U.S. Military Forces and Iraqi Civilians, Police, and Security Forces2015-03-30T22:03:27-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501576/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501576/"><img alt="Iraq Casualties: U.S. Military Forces and Iraqi Civilians, Police, and Security Forces" title="Iraq Casualties: U.S. Military Forces and Iraqi Civilians, Police, and Security Forces" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501576/small/"/></a></p><p>This report presents U.S. military casualties as well as governmental and nongovernmental estimates of Iraqi civilian, police, and security forces casualties.</p>Iraq Coalition: Public Opinion Indicators in Selected European Countries2016-03-19T13:57:26-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc812126/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc812126/"><img alt="Iraq Coalition: Public Opinion Indicators in Selected European Countries" title="Iraq Coalition: Public Opinion Indicators in Selected European Countries" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc812126/small/"/></a></p><p>This report briefly examines selected public opinion indicators in key European countries that currently contribute to the U.S.-led coalition in Iraq. Overall, polls over the past year show that Spain was no anomaly in terms of strong public opposition to military involvement in Iraq. Some European governments appeared to support U.S. policy in Iraq in defiance of, rather than as a result of, public sentiment at home.</p>Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy2005-06-11T03:23:36-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2468/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2468/"><img alt="Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy" title="Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2468/small/"/></a></p><p>None</p>Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy2005-06-11T03:23:57-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2469/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2469/"><img alt="Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy" title="Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2469/small/"/></a></p><p>None</p>Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy2005-06-11T03:24:19-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2470/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2470/"><img alt="Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy" title="Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2470/small/"/></a></p><p>None</p>Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy2005-06-11T03:24:42-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2471/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2471/"><img alt="Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy" title="Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2471/small/"/></a></p><p>None</p>Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy2005-06-11T03:25:05-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2472/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2472/"><img alt="Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy" title="Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2472/small/"/></a></p><p>None</p>Iraq Crisis and U.S. Policy2014-08-27T12:47:05-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332984/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332984/"><img alt="Iraq Crisis and U.S. Policy" title="Iraq Crisis and U.S. Policy" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332984/small/"/></a></p><p>This report analyzes the offensive in northern and central Iraq led by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, aka ISIS) -- a Sunni Islamist insurgent and terrorist group -- with a discussion of the offensive's implications, the U.S. response, and related issues.</p>Iraq Crisis and U.S. Policy2014-08-27T12:47:05-05:00https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332987/<p><a href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332987/"><img alt="Iraq Crisis and U.S. Policy" title="Iraq Crisis and U.S. Policy" src="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332987/small/"/></a></p><p>This report analyzes the offensive in northern and central Iraq led by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, aka ISIS) -- a Sunni Islamist insurgent and terrorist group -- with a discussion of the offensive's implications, the U.S. response, and related issues.</p>