Congressional Research Service Reports - 265 Matching Results
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- Floor Consideration of Conference Reports in the House
- This report briefly discusses procedures regarding conference reports in the House of Representatives.
- Floor Consideration of Conference Reports in the House
- This report briefly discusses procedure regarding conference reports in the House.
- Floor Consideration of Conference Reports in the House
- This report explains the steps in the legislative process of the conference reports.
- Floor Consideration of Conference Reports in the Senate
- This report briefly discusses procedure regarding conference reports in the Senate.
- Floor Consideration of Conference Reports in the Senate
- This report briefly discusses procedure regarding conference reports in the Senate.
- Forecasting and Futures Research in Congress: Background and Prospects
- This report explores different roles and use of foresight into Congressional process.
- Freedom of Information Act Amendments: 109th Congress
- This report discusses the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), which was designed to enable any person — individual or corporate, regardless of citizenship — to request, without explanation or justification, presumptive access to existing, identifiable, unpublished, executive branch agency records on any topic.
- The Freedom of Information Act and Nondisclosure Provisions in Other Federal Laws
- This report discusses Congressional considerations regarding how to balance the federal government's growing need for sensitive or confidential business information, the public's right of access to information about government activities, and the private sector's interest in keeping its sensitive or proprietary information protected from public disclosure. The report discusses this issue in light of particularly the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and other similar legislation.
- The Freedom of Information Act and Nondisclosure Provisions in Other Federal Laws
- This report discusses Congressional considerations regarding how to balance the federal government's growing need for sensitive or confidential business information, the public's right of access to information about government activities, and the private sector's interest in keeping its sensitive or proprietary information protected from public disclosure. The report discusses this issue in light of particularly the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and other similar legislation.
- Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Amendments: 109th Congress
- Enacted in 1966, the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) was designed to enable any person -- individual or corporate, regardless of citizenship -- to request, without explanation or justification, presumptive access to existing, identifiable, unpublished, executive branch agency records on any topic. The statute specified nine categories of information that may be permissibly exempted from the rule of disclosure. Disputes over the accessibility of requested records could be ultimately settled in court. The statute has become a somewhat popular tool of inquiry and information gathering for various quarters of American society. This report details the history of the Act, as well as relevant legislation and incidences and the efforts to amend the Act.
- Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Amendments: 109th Congress
- This report addresses Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Amendments of 109th Congress.
- Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Amendments: 109th Congress
- This report examines efforts to amend the FOI Act, and will be updated as events warrant.
- Freedom of Information Act (FOIA): Background and Policy Options for the 112th Congress
- The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA; 5 U.S.C. §552) enables any person to access—without explanation or justification—certain existing, identifiable, unpublished, executive branch agency records. Pursuant to FOIA, the public has presumptive access to requested agency records unless the material falls within any of FOIA's nine categories of exemption from disclosure. This report discusses FOIA's history, examines its implementation, and provides potential policy approaches for Congress.
- The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA): Background and Policy Options for the 113th Congress
- This report provides background on the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), discusses the categories of records FOIA exempts from public release, and analyzes statistics on FOIA administration. The report also provides background on several legal and policy issues related to FOIA, including the release of controversial records, the growth in use of certain FOIA exemptions, and the adoption of new technologies to improve FOIA administration. The report concludes with an examination of potential FOIA-related policy options for Congress.
- The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA): Background, Legislation, and Policy Issues
- This report provides background on the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), discusses the categories of records FOIA exempts from public release, and analyzes statistics on FOIA administration. It also provides background on several legal and policy issues related to FOIA, including the release of controversial records, the growth in use of certain FOIA exemptions, and the adoption of new technologies to improve FOIA administration. The report concludes with an examination of potential FOIA-related policy options for the 113th Congress.
- Freedom of Information Act (FOIA): Issues for the 111th Congress
- This report includes a brief history of the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), discusses subsequent modifications of FOIA, addresses statutory changes to FOIA that have not yet been implemented, examines Obama Administration efforts to modify the act, and outlines possible legislative issues related to the act.
- FY2005 Budget Documents: Internet Access and GPO Availability
- Every year the President submits to Congress a series of volumes that provide the text of the President’s proposed budget for the coming fiscal year. Neither the Congressional Research Service (CRS) nor the Library of Congress can provide giveaway copies of these documents. This report provides brief descriptions of these budget volumes and related documents, together with Internet addresses, Government Printing Office (GPO) stock numbers, and prices to obtain these publications. It also tells how to find locations of government depository libraries, which can provide both printed copies for reference use and Internet access to the text.
- "Gang of Four" Congressional Intelligence Notifications
- Report that reviews the history of the Gang of Four intelligence notification process and compares this procedure with that of the "Gang of Eight" notification procedure.
- "Gang of Four" Congressional Intelligence Notifications
- "Gang of Four" intelligence notifications generally are oral briefings of certain particularly sensitive non-covert action intelligence activities, including principally, but not exclusively, intelligence collection programs, that the Intelligence Community typically limits to the chairmen and ranking members of the two congressional intelligence committees, and at times, but not always, to their respective staff directors. This report reviews the history of Gang of Four notification process and compares this procedure with that of the "Gang of Eight" notification procedure.
- “Gang of Four” Congressional Intelligence Notifications
- "Gang of Four" intelligence notifications are oral briefings on sensitive non-covert action intelligence activities (including intelligence collection programs) that the Intelligence Community typically limits to the chairmen and ranking members of the two congressional intelligence committees, and at times to their respective staff directors. This report reviews the history of Gang of Four notification process and compares this procedure with that of the "Gang of Eight" notification procedure.
- "Gang of Four" Congressional Intelligence Notifications
- This report reviews the history of the Gang of Four intelligence notification process and compares this procedure with that of the "Gang of Eight" notification procedure.
- "Gang of Four" Congressional Intelligence Notifications
- This report reviews the history of the Gang of Four notification process and compares this procedure with that of the "Gang of Eight" notification procedure. The "Gang of Eight" procedure is statutorily based and provides that the chairmen and ranking Members of the intelligence committee, along with the Speaker and minority leader of the House, and Senate majority and minority leaders--rather than the full membership of the intelligence committees-- are to receive prior notice of particularly sensitive covert action programs, if the President determines that limited access to such programs is essential to meet extraordinary circumstances affecting vital U.S. interests.
- "Gang of Four" Congressional Intelligence Notifications
- This report reviews the history of Gang of Four notification process and compares this procedure with that of the "Gang of Eight" notification procedure.
- "Gang of Four" Congressional Intelligence Notifications
- This report reviews the history of Gang of Four notification process and compares this procedure with that of the "Gang of Eight" notification procedure.
- Government Access to Phone Calling Activity and Related Records: Legal Authorities
- This report summarizes legal authorities regarding access by the government, for either foreign intelligence or law enforcement purposes, to information related to telephone calling patterns or practices. Where pertinent, it also discusses statutory prohibitions against accessing or disclosing such information, along with relevant exceptions to those prohibitions.
- Government Access to Phone Calling Activity and Related Records: Legal Authorities
- This report summarizes legal authorities regarding access by the government, for either foreign intelligence or law enforcement purposes, to information related to telephone calling patterns or practices. Where pertinent, it also discusses statutory prohibitions against accessing or disclosing such information, along with relevant exceptions to those prohibitions.
- Government Access to Phone Calling Activity and Related Records: Legal Authorities
- This report summarizes statutory authorities regarding access by the Government, for either foreign intelligence or law enforcement purposes, to information related to telephone calling patterns or practices.
- Government Collection of Private Information: Background and Issues Related to the USA PATRIOT Act Reauthorization in Brief
- This report discusses the legal background associated with the sunset of various provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act and of subsequent related legislation.
- Government Collection of Private Information: Background and Issues Related to the USA PATRIOT Act Reauthorization in Brief
- This report discusses the legal background associated with the sunset of various provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act and of subsequent related legislation.
- Government Printing, Publications, and Digital Information Management: Issues and Challenges
- This report examines three areas related to the production, distribution, retention, and management of government information in a primarily digital environment. These areas include the Joint Committee on Printing; the Federal Depository Library Program; and government information management in the future.
- House Apportionment 2000: States Gaining, Losing, and on the Margin1
- This report provides figures regarding the population of the 50 states in 2000, which is 281,424,177, a figure 13.4% greater than in 1990.
- Information Concerning Speakers of the House of Representatives
- This report contains statistical information about the 46 men who have been elected Speaker of the House of Representatives since 1789. Included is each Speaker's birth date, dates he served in the House, Congresses that he served in, his length of service in the House before and during his Speakership, the dates he was elected Speaker, the number of ballots required to elect him, his party affiliation, and home state.
- The Information Quality Act: OMB's Guidance and Initial Implementation
- No Description Available.
- Informing Congress: The Role of the Executive in Times of War and Military Conflict, 1941-2001
- No Description Available.
- Intelligence Community Whistleblower Protections: In Brief
- This report describes various sources of Intelligence Community (IC) whistleblower protections. Generally speaking, whistleblowers are those who expose misconduct (e.g., fraud, abuse, or illegal activity) within an organization. In the context of the IC, whistleblowers are generally employees or contractors of federal intelligence agencies who bring to light information on agency wrongdoings.
- Intelligence Identities Protection Act
- This report summarizes the Intelligence Identities Protection Act, P.L. 97-200, enacted by Congress in 1982 to address the unauthorized disclosure of information that exposes covert U.S. intelligence agents. The act also provides exceptions and defenses to prosecution, makes provision for extraterritorial application for offenders who are U.S. citizens or permanent resident aliens, includes reporting requirements to Congress, and sets forth definitions of the terms used in the act.
- Intelligence Identities Protection Act
- This report summarizes the Intelligence Identities Protection Act, P.L. 97-200, enacted by Congress in 1982 to address the unauthorized disclosure of information that exposes covert U.S. intelligence agents.
- Intelligence Identities Protection Act
- This report discusses the Intelligence Identities Protection Act, passed in 1982 to hold criminally liable those who disclose the identities of US intelligence agents.
- Intelligence Spending: Public Disclosure Issues
- This report describes the constituent parts of the intelligence budget, past practice in handling intelligence authorizations and appropriations, the arguments that have been advanced for and against making intelligence spending totals public, a legal analysis of these issues, and a review of the implications of post-Cold War developments on the question. It also describes past congressional interest in keeping intelligence spending totals secret.
- Intelligence Whistleblower Protections: In Brief
- This report describes three sources of Intelligence Community (IC) whistleblower protection including the Intelligence Community Whistleblower Protection Act of 1998 (ICWPA), Presidential Policy Directive 19 (PPD-19), and Title VI of the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014 (Title VI). Generally speaking, whistleblowers are those who expose misconduct (e.g., fraud, abuse, or illegal activity) within an organization. In the context of the IC, whistleblowers are generally employees or contractors of federal intelligence agencies who bring to light information on agency wrongdoings.
- Interest Groups and Lobbyists: Sources of Information
- Interest groups, including those who actively lobby, continue to play a role in the American legislative process. After years of congressional efforts to improve disclosure of interest groups, the Lobbying Disclosure Act (LDA) of 1995 (P.L. 104-65) and the Lobbying Disclosure Technical Amendments Act of 1997 (P.L. 105-166) were signed into law on December 19, 1995, and April 6, 1998, respectively. Both laws seek greater disclosure of interest groups’ activities and more accuracy in reporting their spending. Information on lobbyist registrations and on interest groups in general is available from a variety of online and printed sources, including files available for public inspection. This report provides a list of directories and online services that offer background on the interest groups and lobbyists who focus on legislation in Washington.
- Interstate Travel: Constitutional Challenges to the Identification Requirement and Other Transportation Security Regulations
- No Description Available.
- Interstate Travel: Constitutional Challenges to the Identification Requirement and Other Transportation Security Regulations
- No Description Available.
- Introduction to U.S. Economy: The Business Cycle and Growth
- This report describes the concept of business cycles and their effect on the economy.
- Iraq: Map Sources
- This report identifies selected websites for maps of Iraq, including government, library, and organizational websites. Maps of the Middle East, Iraq, facilities used by U.S. forces in the Gulf, and U.S. government humanitarian assistance and reconstruction activities in Iraq are also provided.
- Iraq: Map Sources
- This report identifies online sources for maps of Iraq, including government, library, and organizational websites. These sources have been selected on the basis of their authoritativeness and the range, quality, and uniqueness of the maps they provide. Some sources provide up-to-the-minute maps; others have been selected for their collection of historical maps. Maps of the Iraq, the Middle East, the state of Al Qaeda in Iraq, and the movement of refugees in Iraq are provided.
- Iraq: Map Sources
- This report identifies online sources for maps of Iraq, including government, library, and organizational websites.
- Iraq: Map Sources
- This report identifies online sources for maps of Iraq, including government, library, and organizational websites.
- Iraq: Map Sources
- This report identifies selected websites for maps of Iraq, including government, library, and organizational websites. Maps of the Middle East, Iraq, facilities used by U.S. forces in the Gulf, and U.S. government humanitarian assistance and reconstruction activities in Iraq are also provided.
- Iraq: Map Sources
- This report identifies selected Web sites for maps of Iraq. Selected government, library, and organizational Web site addresses are provided. Maps of the Middle East, Iraq, and the No-Fly Zone are also provided.