Congressional Research Service Reports - 771 Matching Results

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Trafficking in Persons: The U.S. and International Response: No Description Available.
Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act: Report that discusses the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act in brief, especially as related to Congress's renewed interest in the Act due to the current financial crises and recession.
The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN): Congress has passed legislation to facilitate the reemployment of workers who through no fault of their own are let go by their employers. Among these laws is the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act, P.L. 100-379, enacted in 1988. This report discusses the WARN Act in brief, especially as related to Congress's renewed interest in the Act due to the current financial crises and recession.
The Labor Market during the Great Depression and the Current Recession: This report analyzes the labor market experiences of workers during the 1930s, which encompassed the almost five years of the Great Depression. Because it was a period very distant and different from today, considerable time is devoted to examining the employment and unemployment measures available at that time. The report ends by comparing the labor market conditions of the 1930s with those encountered by workers thus far during the recession that began in December 2007.
Davis-Bacon: The Act and the Literature: The Davis-Bacon Act of 1931, as amended, requires that contractors, engaging in certain federal contract construction, pay workers on such projects not less than the locally prevailing wage for comparable work. In addition, such contractors are required to file payroll reports and to meet other administrative and labor standards requirements. Included in this report is a bibliography of published materials dealing with the Davis-Bacon Act and related issues.
Unauthorized Aliens in the United States: This report discusses the unauthorized immigrant (illegal alien) population in the United States, which is a key and controversial immigration issue.
Unauthorized Aliens in the United States: Policy Discussion: This report discusses the unauthorized immigrant (illegal alien) population in the United States, which is a key and controversial immigration issue.
Does Trade Reduce Wages of U.S. Workers?: This report examines in some detail the hypothesis that trade is undermining the economic status of the American worker. Two questions are addressed: one, Has trade tended to reduce the average level of wages? and, two, Has trade increased the inequality of wages? The general conclusion reached is that poor wage performance is largely a problem of the domestic economy, that would have occurred with or without trade.
A Shortage of Registered Nurses: Is It on the Horizon or Already Here?: The largest, traditionally female-dominated health care occupation is registered nurses (RNs). It has been asserted that there are too few RNs available today to meet employers’ needs, that is, there is a shortage of nurses at the present time. It also has been estimated that there could well be a shortage of RNs in the not-too-distant future. This report will analyze the labor market conditions facing RNs and their employers.
Trafficking in Women and Children: The U.S. and International Response: No Description Available.
Trafficking in Persons: The U.S. and International Response: No Description Available.
Trafficking in Women and Children: The U.S. and International Response: No Description Available.
Compensatory Time vs. Cash Wages: Amending the Fair Labor Standards Act?: In the 108th Congress, two work hours flexibility bills have been introduced: S. 317 by Senator Gregg and H.R. 1119 by Representative Biggert. Both bills deal with a compensatory time off option (comp time) — though the Gregg proposal is somewhat broader, projecting other changes in the overtime provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) as well. This report is limited to consideration of the issue of comp time.
A Shortage of Registered Nurses: Is It on the Horizon or Already Here?: The largest traditionally female-dominated health care occupation is registered nurses (RNs). It has been asserted that there is an ongoing nationwide shortage of RNs of various kinds and in various sectors of the health care services industry. Before the latest (mid-2002) release of supply-demand projections from the U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), it was estimated, based in whole or part on 1996 HRSA projections, that there would likely be a shortage of RNs in 2007 or shortly thereafter. This report first will analyze recent trends in the RN labor market and then examine HRSA’s new projections, which moved up the date of an RN shortage to 2000.
Trafficking in Women and Children: The U.S. and International Response: No Description Available.
Trafficking in Women and Children: The U.S. and International Response: No Description Available.
Trafficking in Women and Children: The U.S. and International Response: This report reviews the statistics and growth of human trafficking across the world. The report discusses how the Bush and Clinton administration both advocated against human trafficking and the acts put in place during both administrations to combat trafficking in the United States.
Trafficking in Women and Children: The U.S. and International Response: This report analyzes the statistics of human trafficking victims across the world. The report discusses the efforts of the United States to prevent trafficking and assisting victims from the Bush Administration to present day.
Unauthorized Aliens in the United States: Policy Discussion: This report discusses the unauthorized immigrant (illegal alien) population in the United States, which is a key and controversial immigration issue.
Rejection of Collective Bargaining Agreements in Chapter 11 Bankruptcies: Legal Analysis of Changes to 11 U.S.C. Section 1113 Proposed in H.R. 3652 -- The Protecting Employees and Retirees in Business Bankruptcies Act of 2007: This report discusses the bill that prescribes the parameters of offers that may be made by the debtor in negotiations as well as the requirements that must be met before a court can approve rejection. The bill also provides an absolute right of all employees to strike if their collective bargaining agreements (CBA), is modified or rejected.
Homeland Security: Data on Employees and Unions Potentially Affected: This report provides data on federal employee unions and employees who will be potentially affected by the creation of a new Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
Trafficking in Persons in Latin America and the Caribbean: This report describes the nature and scope of the problem of trafficking in persons in Latin America and the Caribbean. It then describes U.S. efforts to deal with trafficking in persons in Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as discusses the successes and failures of some recent country and regional anti-trafficking efforts. The report concludes by raising issues that may be helpful for the 110th Congress to consider during its second session as it continues to address human trafficking as part of its authorization, appropriations, and oversight activities.
Congressional Proposals Dealing With National Emergency Strikes: This report describes how national emergency strikes have been dealt with under the Labor Management Relations Act (Taft-Hartley Act) and the Railway Labor Act. The report also describes bills being put into the House and the Senate that deal with strikes, and information about each.
Trafficking in Persons in Latin America and the Caribbean: This report describes the nature and scope of the problem of trafficking in persons in Latin America and the Caribbean. It then describes U.S. efforts to deal with trafficking in persons in Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as discusses the successes and failures of some recent country and regional anti-trafficking efforts.
Immigration Enforcement within the United States: This report provides an analysis of immigration enforcement within the United States. The report opens with a definition of immigration enforcement, a discussion of the statutory authority to conduct immigration enforcement, and an overview of immigration enforcement related legislation since 1986. It follows with an exposition on the dichotomy of interior and border enforcement. The report then details different aspects of immigration enforcement in the United States including detention and removal, alien smuggling and trafficking, document and benefit fraud, worksite enforcement, inspections at ports of entry, and patrolling the border between ports of entry. The report continues with a discussion of the role of state and local law enforcement in the enforcement of immigration laws. The report then presents a comparative analysis of the resources devoted to divergent immigration enforcement activities. It concludes with a discussion of crosscutting immigration enforcement issues related to the structure of the Department of Homeland Security.
The Workforce Investment Act (WIA): Program-by-Program Overview and FY2007 Funding of Title I Training Programs: Title I of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (WIA) (P.L. 105-220) authorizes several job training programs, including Youth, Adult, and Dislocated Worker Activities, Job Corps, the Native American Program, the Migrant and Seasonal Farmworker Program, and the Veterans’ Workforce Investment Program. This report briefly summarizes each WIA program, the FY2007 budget request, and for comparison, the FY2006 appropriation (P.L. 109-149).
The Workforce Investment Act (WIA): Program-by-Program Overview and FY2007 Funding of Title I Training Programs: Title I of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (WIA) (P.L. 105-220) authorizes several job training programs, including Youth, Adult, and Dislocated Worker Activities, Job Corps, the Native American Program, the Migrant and Seasonal Farmworker Program, and the Veterans’ Workforce Investment Program. This report briefly summarizes each WIA program, the FY2007 budget request, and for comparison, the FY2006 appropriation (P.L. 109-149).
Homeland Security and Labor-Management Relations: NTEU v. Chertoff: This report provides a summary of the opinions of the district court and court of appeals and subsequent developments.
Labor Market Characteristics of Agricultural Workers in the United States, 1996-2001. January 2003: This report provides information to policymakers considering a new, smaller, or larger agricultural guestworker program and examines selected labor market, social, and demographic characteristics of the agricultural labor force in the United States for each year from 1996 through 2001.
Hispanics in the U.S. Labor force: A brief Examination: This report is about Hispanics in the U.S. Labor Force: A brief examination
Toward More Effective Immigration Policies: Selected Organizational Issues: No Description Available.
Toward More Effective Immigration Policies: Selected Organizational Issues: No Description Available.
Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA): The Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA) program provides monetary assistance to individuals unemployed as a direct result of a major disaster and who are not eligible for regular Unemployment Compensation (UC) benefits. DUA is funded through the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). DUA is administered by the Department of Labor (DOL) through each state’s UC agency. In the 109th Congress, P.L. 109-176 was signed into law on March 6, 2006, extending the duration of DUA benefits from 26 to 39 weeks for victims of the Hurricane Katrina and Rita disasters.
Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA): The Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA) program provides monetary assistance to individuals unemployed as a direct result of a major disaster and who are not eligible for regular Unemployment Compensation (UC) benefits. DUA is funded through the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). DUA is administered by the Department of Labor (DOL) through each state’s UC agency. In the 109th Congress, P.L. 109-176 was signed into law on March 6, 2006, extending the duration of DUA benefits from 26 to 39 weeks for victims of the Hurricane Katrina and Rita disasters.
Migratory Agricultural Labor: References to Books, Periodicals, and Films, 1959-1969: This report and bibliography contains references to books, documentaries, and magazine articles that study migrant workers. It also contains information on specific issues that affect migratory agricultural workers, such as the Bracero program, the California grape strike, education, health, housing, and welfare, income, and more.
The Unionization of Farm workers: This report is about the unionization of Farm workers with the background and alternative federal approaches.
Executive Compensation in Bankruptcy: The Fairness and Accountability in Reorganizations Act: S. 2556 and its companion bill, H.R. 5113, 109th Congress, 2nd Sess. (2006), introduced by Senator Bayh and Representative Conyers, respectively, are entitled the Fairness and Accountability in Reorganizations Act of 2006. The legislation, according to its sponsors, is intended to “ensure that workers are treated more fairly during [bankruptcy] reorganizations by limiting executive compensation deals and requiring corporations to provide a more accurate picture of their holdings before attempting to modify collective bargaining agreements or promised health benefits.” This report surveys the bill’s provisions.
The Davis-Bacon Act: Institutional Evolution and Public Policy: This report examines policy issues the Davis-Bacon Act has sparked through the years and which remain a part of the Davis-Bacon debate of the 1990s. These include such questions as: wage rate determination procedures, reporting requirements under the Copeland Act, an appropriate threshold for activation of the statute, interagency relationships with respect to Davis-Bacon enforcement and compliance activity, administrative or judicial appeals procedures, the use of "helpers" and other low-skilled workers on covered projects, and the right of a President to suspend the statute as well as the conditions under which such a suspension may occur. That the fundamental premise of the Act remains in contention after 60 years may be, itself, part of the public policy debate.
Trafficking in Persons: The U.S. and International Response: Trafficking in people for prostitution and forced labor is one of the most prolific areas of international criminal activity and is of significant concern to the United States and the international community. The overwhelming majority of those trafficked are women and children. According to the most recent Department of State estimates, between 600,000 and 800,000 people are trafficked across borders each year.
The Fair Labor Standards Act, Overtime Compensation, and Personal Data Assistants: This report reviews the FLSA's overtime provisions, and examines some of the U.S. Supreme Court's seminal decisions on work.
Child Labor in America: History, Policy, and Legislative Issues: This report examines the historical issue of child labor in America and carries it through the 108th Congress.
The Fair Labor Standards Act: A Historical Sketch of the Overtime Pay Requirements of Section 13(a)(1): This report sketches the evolution of the Section 13(a)(1) regulation and explores the arguments, pro and con, that it has encountered.
Business and Labor Spending in U.S. Elections: Federal election law has long prohibited corporate and union spending in federal elections, but distinctions in statutes and judicial rulings have opened avenues by which these groups have been able to spend money in the electoral process. Business groups make particular use of political action committee (PAC) donations to candidates and soft money donations to parties. Unions made prominent use of issue advocacy in 1996, but labor’s political strength lies in exempt activity communications with members. This report explains these tools and their use in today’s elections.
Business and Labor Spending in U.S. Elections: Federal election law has long prohibited corporate and union spending in federal elections, but distinctions in statutes and judicial rulings have opened avenues by which these groups have been able to spend money in the electoral process. Business groups make particular use of political action committee (PAC) donations to candidates and soft money donations to parties. Unions made prominent use of issue advocacy in 1996, but labor’s political strength lies in exempt activity communications with members. This report explains these tools and their use in today’s elections.
Immigration: The Labor Market Effects of a Guest Worker Program for U.S. Farmers: Temporary alien worker programs are meant to assure employers, including growers, of an adequate supply of labor when and where it is needed without adding permanent residents to the U.S. population. Guest worker programs are not supposed to harm the wage and job opportunities of U.S. workers while they alleviate spot labor shortages. President Bush’s proposal of a broad guest worker program has reignited interest in legislation introduced during the 108th Congress that relates specifically to the agricultural industry.
Child Labor in West African Cocoa Production: Issues and U.S. Policy: This report outlines how and where cocoa is produced, discusses the use of abusive child labor in the industry, efforts by Congress to counter abusive child labor — including the Harkin-Engel Protocol, and initiatives by affected governments and international organizations to address the problem. This report also provides possible policy options that might undertaken to stop the use of child labor in cocoa production.
Appropriations for FY1998: Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: No Description Available.
Immigration of Temporary Lower-Skilled Workers: Current Policy and Related Issues: This report discusses existing visa programs for temporary lower-skilled workers, including regulatory changes since 2008. It covers legislative efforts to reform current programs and to create new guest workers visas. It further identifies and explores key policy considerations to help inform congressional action on guest worker programs.
Emergency Unemployment Compensation (EUC08): Status of Benefits Prior to Expiration: This report summarizes the structure of Emergency Unemployment Compensation (EUC08) benefits available prior to program expiration at the end of calendar year 2013 and provides the legislative history of the EUC08 program.
Migrant Labor Law and Relations: Selected References, 1960-1969: This report is a bibliography concerning migrant labor in the United States

Congressional Research Service Reports - 771 Matching Results

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