Congressional Research Service Reports - 895 Matching Results
Search Results
- Government Performance and Results Act and the Appropriations Process
- Currently, congressional appropriations decisions for an agency or program are based generally on the following three factors: the amount of funding provided previously, the President's request, and the policy preferences of Congress. The Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (GPRA, or the Results Act)(1) is intended to add a significant new factor--the performance of agencies in achieving their program goals.
- Government Performance and Results Act and the Appropriations Process
- congressional appropriations decisions for an agency or program are based generally on the following three factors: the amount of funding provided previously, the President's request, and the policy preferences of Congress. The Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (GPRA, or the Results Act)
- Continuity of Operations (COOP) in the Executive Branch: Background and Issues for Congress
- This report discusses the background of COOP planning, discusses elements of an effective COOP plan, and reviews the current policies governing COOP planning in the executive branch. The final two sections address issues and policy questions, including, among other matters, the status of agency preparedness, maintaining COOP preparedness, congressional committee oversight of COOP activity, and funding for contingency planning.
- Continuity of Operations (COOP) in the Executive Branch: Background and Issues for Congress
- This report discusses the background of COOP planning, discusses elements of an effective COOP plan, and reviews the current policies governing COOP planning in the executive branch. The final two sections address issues and policy questions, including, among other matters, the status of agency preparedness, maintaining COOP preparedness, congressional committee oversight of COOP activity, and funding for contingency planning.
- Continuity of Operations (COOP) in the Executive Branch: Issues in the 109th Congress
- Spurred in part by occasional warnings of potential terrorist threats in the post- 9/11 era, some policymakers have intensified their focus on continuity of operations (COOP) issues. COOP planning is a segment of federal government contingency planning linked to continuity of government (COG). Together, COOP and COG are designed to ensure survival of a constitutional form of government and the continuity of essential federal functions. This report focuses primarily on executive branch COOP activities.
- Government Performance and Results Act: Implementation During 1997 and Issues of Possible Concern, 105th Congress, Second Session
- Government Performance and Results Act of 1993, P.L. 103-62, also called the “Results Act,” and GPRA. A government-wide performance plan was submitted with the President’s FY1999 budget. Congressional hearings have been held on implementation of GPRA, and the General Accounting Office and congressional groups have assessed initial activities. Most strategic plans have been criticized for not conveying required analyses of the linkage between strategic goals and annual goals and measures, of resources needed to achieve goals, of data systems capabilities, and of interagency coordination on similar programs.
- Government Performance and Results Act: Implementation and Issues of Possible Concern, 106th Congress
- Most federal agencies have submitted their second performance plans (for FY2000) that were mandated by the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993, P.L. 103-62. The GAO and congressional groups have assessed implementation activities
- Government Performance and Results Act: Proposed Amendments (H.R. 2883)
- The Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (107 Stat. 285), referred to alternatively as GPRA or the Results Act, seeks to encourage greater efficiency, effectiveness and accountability in federal spending by requiring agencies to develop strategic plans and performance measures, and to prepare annual performance plans and reports. GPRA supplements a number of other budget, accounting, and financial management laws designed to upgrade existing procedures or to provide new mechanisms for managing government operations and improving accountability
- Government Performance and Results Act: Implementation During 1997 and Issues of Possible Concern, 105th Congress, Second Session
- Government Performance and Results Act of 1993, P.L. 103-62, also called the “Results Act,” and GPRA. A government-wide performance plan was submitted with the President’s FY1999 budget. Congressional hearings have been held on implementation of GPRA, and the General Accounting Office and congressional groups have assessed initial activities. Most strategic plans have been criticized for not conveying required analyses of the linkage between strategic goals and annual goals and measures, of resources needed to achieve goals, of data systems capabilities, and of interagency coordination on similar programs.
- Public Relations and Propaganda: Restrictions on Executive Agency Activities
- No Description Available.
- Public Relations and Propaganda: Restrictions on Executive Agency Activities
- No Description Available.
- Public Relations and Propaganda: Restrictions on Executive Agency Activities
- No Description Available.
- Public Relations and Propaganda: Restrictions on Executive Agency Activities
- Controversies recently have arisen over certain executive branch agencies’ expenditures of appropriated funds on public relations activities, some of which have been characterized as propagandistic. Generally speaking, there are two legal restrictions on agency public relations activities and propaganda. 5 U.S.C. 3107 prohibits the use of appropriated funds to hire publicity experts. Appropriations law “publicity and propaganda” clauses restrict the use of funds for puffery of an agency, purely partisan communications, and covert propaganda. No federal agency monitors federal public relations activities, but a Member or Committee of Congress may ask the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to examine an agency’s expenditures on public relations activities with a view to their legality.
- The Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA): Origin, Characteristics, and Institutional Authorities
- Responsibility for overseeing reconstruction in post-conflict Iraq initially fell to the Office of Reconstruction and Humanitarian Assistance (ORHA). Established in early 2003, ORHA had been replaced by June of that year by the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA). On June 28, 2004, CPA ceased operations. Whether CPA was a federal agency is unclear. Some executive branch documents supported the notion that it was created by the President. Another possibility is that the authority was created by, or pursuant to, United Nations Security Council Resolution 1483. This report discusses the issue of CPA's status as an agency, including the uncertain circumstances regarding its creation and demise, as well as relevant legislation and subsequent lawsuits.
- The Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA): Origin, Characteristics, and Institutional Authorities
- The Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA or “the authority”) was established approximately one month after United States and coalition forces took control of Baghdad in Iraq on April 9, 2003.1 The authority’s mission was “to restore conditions of security and stability, to create conditions in which the Iraqi people can freely determine their own political future, (including by advancing efforts to restore and establish national and local institutions for representative governance) and facilitating economic recovery, sustainable reconstruction and development. This report discusses two views on how the authority was established, reviews selected characteristics of the authority, identifies statutory reporting requirements concerning the authority and the reconstruction of Iraq, and explores several policy issues.
- Department of Homeland Security Reorganization: The 2SR Initiative
- This report focuses primarily on the conclusions and proposals resulting from 2SR pertaining to organization and managerial lines of authority matters. In one of his first actions as Secretary of Homeland Security Tom Ridge’s successor, Michael Chertoff, on March 2, 2005, announced in testimony before the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Homeland Security that he was “initiating a comprehensive review of the Department’s organization, operations, and policies.” This effort, he said, would begin “within days.” The results of that undertaking, which came to be known as the Second Stage Review or 2SR, were made public in mid-July.
- Congressional Liaison Offices of Selected Federal Agencies
- This report consists of a list of about 200 congressional liaison offices intended to help congressional offices in placing telephone calls and addressing correspondence to government agencies. Entries are arranged alphabetically in four sections: legislative branch; judicial branch; executive branch; and agencies, boards, and commissions.
- Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies: FY2013 Appropriations
- This report will track and describe actions taken by the Administration and Congress to provide FY2013 appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) accounts. It also provides an overview of FY2012 appropriations for agencies and bureaus funded as a part of the annual appropriation for CJS.
- State Department and Related Agencies: FY2006 Appropriations and FY2007 Request
- No Description Available.
- Department of Homeland Security Appropriations: Fiscal Year 2018
- This report provides an overview and analysis of FY2018 appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The primary focus is on Congressional direction and funding provided through the appropriations process, but also notes funding made available to DHS outside this process (e.g., user fees and trust funds). It includes an appendix with definitions of key budget terms, and lists other Congressional Research Service reports that provide context and additional details regarding specific component appropriations and issues.
- Defense Primer: Understanding the Process for Auditing the Department of Defense
- This report explains why the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) receives annual audits, how the audits are conducted, limitations of audits, and considerations for Congress.
- Comparing DHS Component Funding, FY2019: In Brief
- This report reviews the budget authority provided to Department of Homeland Security (DHS) for FY2018, requested by the Trump Administration for FY2019, as well as the funding levels proposed in Senate and House Appropriations Committee-reported legislation for FY2019. It examines net discretionary annual appropriations for DHS--a perspective on the net impact of legislation funding DHS on congressionally tracked budget totals--and also provides a more inclusive look at the resources available to DHS components to perform their missions.
- Trade Related Agencies: FY2019 Appropriations, Commerce, Justice, Science and Related Agencies (CJS)
- This report provides an overview of the FY2019 budget request and appropriations for the International Trade Administration (ITA), the U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC), and the office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR). These three trade-related agencies are funded through the annual Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) appropriations act. This report also provides a review of these agencies' trade-related programs.
- Department of State, Foreign Operations and Related Programs: FY2019 Budget and Appropriations
- This report provides describes funding for Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs (SFOPS) during fiscal year 2019, in comparison to fiscal year 2018 funding. It provides an overview, description of congressional action, and discussion of key issues for Congress, including agency funding as well as foreign assistance. It also includes several appendices with supplementary information and account-by-account comparisons.
- Fiscal Year 2019 Appropriations for the Department of Energy
- This report discusses the appropriations budget for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), funding proposed in the request, and key changes .
- Fiscal Year 2019 Appropriations for the Department of Energy
- This report discusses the President's FY2019 budget request for the Department of Energy (DOE), funding proposed in the request, funding proposed by the conference committee, and key changes.
- Overview of FY2017 Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS)
- This report tracks and describes actions taken by the Administration and Congress to provide FY2017 appropriations for the Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) accounts. It also provides an overview of FY2016 appropriations for agencies and bureaus funded as part of annual CJS appropriations.
- Department of Education Funding: Key Concepts and FAQ
- Analyzing the U.S. Department of Education's (ED) budget requires an understanding of a broad range of federal budget and appropriations concepts. This report provides an introduction to these concepts as they are used specifically in the context of the congressional appropriations process for ED.
- Appropriations for FY2005: Interior and Related Agencies
- This report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress considers each year, regarding the Department of the Interior and related agencies. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House and Senate Appropriations Subcommittees on Interior and Related Agencies. It summarizes the status of the bill, its scope, major issues, funding levels, and related congressional activity, and is updated as events warrant.
- The President's Fiscal Year 2019 Budget Request for the Department of Energy
- This report discusses President Trump's FY2019 budget request for the Department of Energy (DOE) and it compares it with past budgets.
- Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies: Overview of Fiscal Year 2018 Appropriations
- This report discusses the the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies's fiscal year 2018 appropriations bill. It firsts presents a brief overview of the major agencies in the annual Interior appropriations bill. It then describes the appropriations requested by President Trump for FY2018. It next compares the FY2018 funding levels requested by the President, passed by the House, and contained in the Senate chairmen's draft with each other and with FY2017 appropriations. Finally, it summarizes the current status, including the government shutdown due to a lapse in continuing appropriations (provided through January 19, 2018).
- Comparing DHS Component Funding, FY2018: In Brief
- This report compares the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) request and actual funding in FY2018 with last years budget.
- Legislative Branch: Fiscal Year 2018 Appropriations
- This report provides an overview of the FY2018 legislative branch appropriations bill and compares funding levels from previous years to FY2018.
- Defense Primer: A Guide for New Members
- This report provides a brief description of Congress and the executive branches' relations with the military and defense department and a brief overview of the structure, roles, and needs of the military and defense communities.
- Small Business Administration: A Primer on Programs and Funding
- This report describes the Small Business Administration's programs and funding sources.
- Overview of FY2018 Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies
- This report describes actions taken by the Administration and Congress to provide FY2018 appropriations for the Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) accounts. It also provides an overview of FY2017 appropriations for agencies and bureaus funded as part of annual CJS appropriations.
- Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies: FY2013 Appropriations
- This report will track and describe actions taken by the Administration and Congress to provide FY2013 appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) accounts. It also provides an overview of FY2012 appropriations for agencies and bureaus funded as a part of the annual appropriation for CJS.
- Small Business Administration: A Primer on Programs and Funding
- This report discusses the Small Business Administration (SBA) and their various programs along with various programmatic changes resulting from the enactment of P.L. 111-5, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, P.L. 111-240, the Small Business Jobs Act of 2010, P.L. 112-239, the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013, P.L. 114-38, the Veterans Entrepreneurship Act of 2015, P.L. 114-88, the Recovery Improvements for Small Entities After Disaster Act of 2015 (RISE After Disaster Act of 2015), P.L. 114-92, the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016, and P.L. 114-328, the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017. In addition, it provides an overview of the SBA's budget and references other CRS reports that examine these programs in greater detail.
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Appropriations Overview
- This report discusses federal appropriations to the U.S. Department of Commerce's National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), a research department for engineering and physical science and recommendations for future funding.
- Administrative Appeals in the Bureau of Land Management and the Forest Service
- This report describes Congressional interest in the Bureau of Land Management's (BLM) appeal process due to rumors that it affects the BLM's capacity to handle various resources. Moreover, the report defines what an administrative appeal is, and describes the process required to undertake one. The report also lists the various types of administrative appeals.
- Administrative Appeals in the Bureau of Land Management and the Forest Service
- This report describes Congressional interest in the Bureau of Land Management's (BLM) appeal process due to rumors that it affects the BLM's capacity to handle various resources. Moreover, the report defines what an administrative appeal is, and describes the process required to undertake one. The report also lists the various types of administrative appeals.
- The United States Intelligence Community: A Brief Description of Organization and Functions
- This report provides an overview of the major organizations in the U.S. intelligence community and their main functions.
- Executive Branch Reorganization
- This issue brief views reorganization as involving the alteration and relocation of both programs and the administrative structure of the executive branch for reasons of efficiency, economy, and direction. The underlying issue is who reorganizes--Congress or the President--and by what authority and, also, for what purpose? Some other related administrative and management reforms are tracked as well.
- Executive Branch Reorganization
- This issue brief views reorganization as involving the alteration and relocation of both programs and the administrative structure of the executive branch for reasons of efficiency, economy, and direction. The underlying issue is who reorganizes--Congress or the President--and by what authority and, also, for what purpose? Some other related administrative and management reforms are tracked as well.
- Homeland Security: The Presidential Coordination Office
- This report reviews past experience—principally with the Office of War Mobilization and its successor, the Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion—and its possible significance for OHS; it will be updated as events recommend.
- Homeland Security: The Presidential Coordination Office
- This report reviews past experience—principally with the Office of War Mobilization and its successor, the Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion—and its possible significance for OHS, as well as the administrative development of the new agency; it will be updated as events recommend
- Executive Branch Reorganization and Management Initiatives
- This issue brief views reorganization and management as involving the alteration of the program administrative structure and operations of the executive branch for reasons of efficiency, economy, and direction. The underlying issue is who reorganizes or sets management policy—Congress or the President— and by what authority and, also, for what purpose?
- Executive Branch Reorganization and Management Initiatives
- This issue brief views reorganization and management as involving the alteration of the program administrative structure and operations of the executive branch for reasons of efficiency, economy, and direction. The underlying issue is who reorganizes or sets management policy—Congress or the President— and by what authority and, also, for what purpose?
- Executive Branch Reorganization and Management Initiatives
- This issue brief views reorganization and management as involving the alteration of the program administrative structure and operations of the executive branch for reasons of efficiency, economy, and direction. The underlying issue is who reorganizes or sets management policy—Congress or the President— and by what authority and, also, for what purpose?
- Executive Branch Reorganization and Management Initiatives
- This issue brief views reorganization and management as involving the alteration of the program administrative structure and operations of the executive branch for reasons of efficiency, economy, and direction. The underlying issue is who reorganizes or sets management policy—Congress or the President— and by what authority and, also, for what purpose?