Congressional Research Service Reports - 736 Matching Results
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- Cooperative Research and Development Agreements
- A Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) is a mechanism established by P.L. 99-602, the Federal Technology Transfer Act, to allow the transfer of technology, knowledge, and expertise from government laboratories to the private sector for further development and commercialization. The government provides support in the way of overhead for research and development performed in the federal laboratory and is prohibited from providing funding directly to the partner in the collaborative effort. Currently, more than 5,000 CRADAs have been signed. As the 105th Congress determines its approach to science and technology policies, the role of CRADAs continues to be debated within the context of federal support for R&D
- The Au Pair Program
- Legislation passed late in the 103rd Congress granted the U.S. Information Agency (USIA) authority to design and implement more rigorous rules regulating the au pair program. In 1997, the au pair program received considerable media attention as a result of the Louise Woodward court case regarding possible involvement of an au pair in the death of a child in Massachusetts. The U.S. Information Agency amended existing federal regulations for the au pair program in September 1997 to underscore the cultural exchange aspect of the program and strengthen au pair recruiting and training.
- R&D Partnerships: Government-Industry Collaboration
- Efforts by the 104th Congress to eliminate several government-industry-university research and development partnership programs reflected some opposition to federally funded programs designed to facilitate the commercialization of technology. Within the context of the budget decisions, the 106th Congress is expected to again debate the government's role in promoting collaborative ventures focused on generating new products and processes for the marketplace.
- The "Son of Sam" Case: Legislative Implications
- In Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the new York State Crime Victims Board, the U.S. Supreme Court held that New York State's "Son of Sam" law was inconsistent with the First Amendment's guarantee of freedom of speech and press. This report examines the Supreme Court decision and then considers whether its rationale renders the federal law unconstitutional. Concluding that it likely does, the report considers whether it would be possible to enact a constitutional Son-of-Sam statute. Finally, the report takes note of some state Son-of-Sam statutes that have been enacted since the Supreme Court decision.
- The Use of Union Dues for Political Purposes: A Discussion of Agency Fee Objectors and Public Policy
- This report discusses policy issues raised by Beck, and tracks legislation on the use of union dues for political activities that has come before the 105th Congress.
- The Child Support Enforcement Program: A Fact Sheet
- No Description Available.
- Bank Loan Denial for Nuclear Proliferation under Section 102(b) of the Arms Export Control Act as Applicable to India and Pakistan
- This report discusses Bank Loan Denial for Nuclear Proliferation under Section 102(b) of the Arms Export Control Act as Applicable to India and Pakistan.
- Taiwan: The "Three No's," Congressional-Administration Differences, and U.S. Policy Issues
- No Description Available.
- Ideas for Privatizing Social Security
- This report summarizes the proposals that have emerged and the issues surrounding them.
- Campaign Finance Debate in the House: Substitute Amendments to H.R. 2183 (105th Congress)
- This report summarizes and compares the 11 substitute amendments to campaign finance reform bills that have passed the House and Senate.
- Multiple-Group Federal Credit Unions: An Update
- No Description Available.
- China’s Most-Favored-Nation (MFN) Status: Congressional Consideration, 1989-1998
- No Description Available.
- Drug Control: Reauthorization of the Office of National Drug Control Policy
- No Description Available.
- Legal Analysis of E.O. 13087 to Prohibit Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation in Federal Employment
- No Description Available.
- Campaign Finance Debate in the House: Substitute No. 13 (ShaysMeehan) and Non-Germane Amendments
- This report offers a summary of Shays/Meehan and the 24 non-germane amendments under House Resolution 458, arranged by category and shown with all substitutes to which each was to be offered.
- Terrorism: U. S. Response to Bombings in Kenya and Tanzania: A New Policy Direction?
- No Description Available.
- Social Security and the Federal Budget: What Does Social Security’s Being “Off Budget” Mean?
- No Description Available.
- Disease Funding and NIH Priority Setting
- No Description Available.
- Ban of Use of Polygraph Evidence Does not amount to Abridgment of Military Defendant's Right to Present a Defense
- This report is on Ban of Use of Polygraph Evidence Does not amount to Abridgment of Military Defendant's Right to Present a Defense.
- Appropriations for FY1998: Military Construction
- No Description Available.
- Sampling for Census 2000: A Legal Overview
- No Description Available.
- Tracking Current Federal Legislation and Regulations: A Guide to Basic Sources
- This report is a guide to basic sources useful in tracking federal legislation and regulations. It has been prepared primarily for the use of constituents who wish to follow the federal government's legislative or regulatory activities at the local level. Brief annotations for the selected printed, telephone, electronic, and related sources describe their scope, focus, and frequency, include publisher contact information, and provide Internet addresses where available.
- The False Claims Act and Health Care Fraud: An Overview
- The Federal False Claims Act provides for the judicial imposition of civil monetary penalties and treble damages for the knowing submission of false claims to the United States Government. This report contains information on the background of the Federal False Claims Act, current False Claims Act provisions, and health care fraud and the False Claims Act.
- Russian Political Turmoil, August 1998
- No Description Available.
- WIRETAPPING, TAPE RECORDERS & LEGAL ETHICS: QUESTIONS POSED BY ATTORNEYINVOLVEMENT IN SECRETLY RECORDING CONVERSATION
- No Description Available.
- Algeria: Developments and Dilemmas
- This report addresses Developments and Dilemmas of Algeria.
- The Maritime Security Program (MSP) in an International Commercial Context: A Discussion
- No Description Available.
- Fax-on-Demand Services Available from Federal Government Agencies
- This report provides information about the Fax-on-Demand Services Available from Federal Government Agencies where numerous associations and organizations are finding fax publishing an efficient way to distribute information to the public or targeted audience.
- Iraq: Humanitarian Needs, Impact of Sanctions, and the “Oil for Food” Program. August 1998
- This report discusses these shortages, and what the "oil for food" program, established by the U.N. Security Council, is doing to alleviate them.
- Campaign Finance Reform Bills in the 105th Congress: Comparison of H.R. 3485 (Thomas), S. 25 (McCain-Feingold), and Current Law
- No Description Available.
- Cancer Research: Selected Federal Spending and Morbidity and Mortality Statistics
- This report provides Selected Federal Spending and Morbidity and Mortality Statistics related to Cancer Research.
- Individuals with Disabilities Education Act: Proposed Amendment on Uniform Disciplinary Policies
- This report discusses the arguments for and against the amendments adoption and analyzes the legal implications of the proposed amendment.
- Criminal Law: The “Exculpatory No” Doctrine Is Not A Defense Under 18 U.S.C. 1001
- No Description Available.
- Clearcutting in the National Forests: Background and Overview
- This report provides background and an overview on clearcutting use in the National Forests and effects.
- The OECD Shipbuilding Agreement and Legislation in the 105th Congress
- This report discusses the agreement on shipbuilding signed by the United States, the European Union, Japan, Korea, and Norway and was negotiated under the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).
- Veterans Issues in the 105th Congress
- This report focuses on policies, programs, and benefits of interest to veterans. Included are discussions of issues before the 105th Congress, and the current status of major legislation.
- Alien Eligibility for Public Assistance
- This report discusses the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, which affected alien eligibility for federal, state, and local government assistance programs, both imposing and broadening restrictions on a number of immigration benefits and programs.
- Immigration Fundamentals
- This report describes the fundamentals of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), which was enacted in 1952 and significantly amended since, most recently by the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996.
- IRS Reform: Innocent Spouse Rule
- Married couples filing joint tax returns are liable individually and as a couple for all taxes due on the return with a limited exemption for innocent spouses. This report discusses joint and several liability, which has been the subject of much criticism and calls for reform or elimination.
- Fifth Amendment Privilege Against SelfIncrimination May Not Be Extended in Cases Where Only a Foreign Prosecution Is Possible
- Several courts in the various circuits have considered whether the Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination applies to fear of incrimination in foreign countries, and they have come to divergent conclusions. The United States Supreme Court granted certiorari in United States v. Balsys, and on June 25, 1998, decided that a witness may not invoke the Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination in which only a foreign prosecution is possible. This report provides background on United States v. Balsys and examines the court's opinion.
- Television Satellite and Cable Retransmission of Broadcast Video Programming Under the Copyright Act’s Compulsory Licenses
- This report reviews the history and background of the cable and television satellite licenses of the Copyright Act, reviews the Satellite Home Viewer Act of 1994, and notes recent developments, including: the 1997 satellite license rate adjustment; pending bills relating to the compulsory licenses; and the August 1997 report of the Copyright Office on these licenses.
- I.N.S. V. AGUIRRE-AGUIRRE: ASYLUM FOR POLITICAL OFFENDERS
- No Description Available.
- An Endangered Species Act Issue for Southeastern Florida: Johnson’s Seagrass
- No Description Available.
- Child Nutrition Issues in the 105th Congress
- This report covers proposed and enacted legislative initiatives to change child nutrition programs (including the WIC program) during 1997 and 1998.
- Banking and Finance: Legislative Initiatives in the 105th Congress, Second Session
- This report reviews major banking and finance issues that are receiving congressional attention in the 2nd session of the 105th Congress.
- Patent Reform: Overview and Comparison of S. 507 and H.R. 400
- H.R. 400 and S. 507 are similar but different omnibus patent reform proposals. Both bills generally transform the Patent and Trademark Office into a government corporation; require publication of patent applications 18 months after filing, subject to certain exceptions that differ in these bills; and extend the patent term for certain delays in patent issuance. S. 507 also contains provisions on patent reexamination reform. This report summarizes and compares the bills and reviews arguments for and against the proposals.
- Naturalization Trends, Issues, and Legislation
- No Description Available.
- Appropriations for FY1999: Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education
- This report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress considers each year.It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House and Senate Appropriations Subcommittees on Labor, Health, and Human Services, and Education. It summarizes the current legislative status of the bill, its scope, its major issues, funding levels, and related legislative activity.
- NATO Expansion: Cost Issues
- No Description Available.
- V-Chip and TV Ratings: Helping Parents Supervise Their Children's Television Viewing
- No Description Available.