Congressional Research Service Reports - 234 Matching Results

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Certain Temporary Tax Provisions Scheduled to Expire in 2009 (“Extenders”)

Description: This report discusses numerous temporary tax provisions exist in the tax code. Often referred to as “extenders,” these provisions were originally enacted with an expiration date that has then been temporarily extended, in some cases numerous times.
Date: September 8, 2010
Creator: Bickley, James M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Business Investment and Employment Tax Incentives to Stimulate the Economy

Description: This report discusses the merit of various business tax incentives and their effectiveness in providing fiscal stimulus during the recession. The two most common measures to provide business tax incentives for new investment are investment tax credits and accelerated deductions for depreciation.
Date: September 16, 2010
Creator: Hungerford, Thomas L. & Gravelle, Jane G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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What Effects Would the Expiration of the 2001 and 2003 Tax Cuts Have on the Economy?

Description: In 2001 and 2003, Congress enacted major tax cuts (popularly referred to as the "Bush tax cuts"), the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 and the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003. Congress is currently debating whether to extend some or all of these tax cuts that are scheduled to expire at the end of 2010. This report discusses the two main economic arguments against allowing the tax cuts to expire as scheduled, using historical evidence and by examini… more
Date: October 5, 2010
Creator: Labonte, Marc
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Tax Issues and the Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill: Legal Analysis of Payments and Tax Relief Policy Options

Description: This report will briefly discuss existing disaster-related tax provisions and their application to the recent Depewater Horizon oil rig explosion and subsequent oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. The report then provides an analysis of the tax treatment of the BP payments to the individuals and businesses impacted by the oil spill as well as various policy options for providing tax relief to oil spill victims, highlighting the circumstantial differences between previous natural disasters and the … more
Date: October 14, 2010
Creator: Sherlock, Molly F.; Lunder, Erika K. & Liu, Edward C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Bush Tax Cuts and the Economy

Description: The George W. Bush Administration enacted a series of tax cuts through the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 and the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003. This report examines these tax cuts within the context of the current and long-term economic environment.
Date: October 27, 2010
Creator: Hungerford, Thomas L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Raising the Tax Rates on High-Income Taxpayers: Pros and Cons

Description: This report focuses on the debate over whether the top two marginal tax rates should be permitted to rise back to their 2001 levels, once the temporary tax provisions known as the "Bush tax cuts" expire on December 31, 2010. The report discusses arguments for and against raising the tax rates.
Date: November 5, 2010
Creator: Noto, Nonna A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Bush Tax Cuts and the Economy

Description: The George W. Bush Administration enacted a series of tax cuts through the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 and the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003. This report examines these tax cuts within the context of the current and long-term economic environment.
Date: November 10, 2010
Creator: Hungerford, Thomas L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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1099 Information Reporting Requirements and Penalties as Modified by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Small Business Jobs Act of 2010

Description: This report discuses the 2010 expansion of reporting requirements listed in IRC (Internal Revenue Code) 6041. The controversy in these expansions lies in the burden the expansion imposes on small businesses. The report also describes the pieces of legislation that have amended IRC 6041, and the implications of that legislation along with the consequences of IRC 6041.
Date: November 24, 2010
Creator: Pettit, Carol A. & Liu, Edward C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The Bush Tax Cuts and the Economy

Description: The George W. Bush Administration enacted a series of tax cuts through the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 and the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003. This report examines these tax cuts within the context of the current and long-term economic environment.
Date: December 8, 2010
Creator: Hungerford, Thomas L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The Bush Tax Cuts and the Economy

Description: The George W. Bush Administration enacted a series of tax cuts through the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 and the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003. This report examines these tax cuts within the context of the current and long-term economic environment.
Date: December 10, 2010
Creator: Hungerford, Thomas L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Reform of U.S. International Taxation: Alternatives

Description: This report describes and assesses the principal prescriptions that have been offered for broad reform of the current U.S. system for taxing international businesses. The report begins with an overview of current law and of possible revisions. It then sets the framework for considering economic efficiency as well as tax shelter activities. Finally, it reviews alternative approaches to revision in light of those issues.
Date: December 17, 2010
Creator: Gravelle, Jane G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Early Withdrawals and Required Minimum Distributions in Retirement Accounts: Issues for Congress

Description: In response to the economic downturn, Congress considered providing relief to Americans by suspending two tax penalties on defined contribution retirement plans and Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs). This report discusses the reasons offered in support of suspending these provisions, as well as the drawbacks. This report also presents data that estimates the number of households that these proposals would impact. Borrowing from retirement plans as an alternative to withdrawals is also discu… more
Date: January 7, 2011
Creator: Topoleski, John J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund Expenditures

Description: In 1986, the Harbor Maintenance Tax (HMT) was enacted to fund U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' (USACE or the Corps) activities related to the routine operation and maintenance (O&M) of harbors, namely the dredging of harbor channels to their authorized depths and widths. Economic and equity issues related to HMT expenditures and collections are the main focus of this report. Before analyzing these issues, the report reviews the legislative history of the tax and legal challenges to it, discusses t… more
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Frittelli, John
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Major Decisions in the House and Senate on Social Security: 1935-2010

Description: This report responds to the many inquiries that CRS gets for Social Security vote information, which range from requests for general information about legislative action over the years to requests for information about specific floor amendments. It is intended to be a reference document on the major statutory decisions made by Congress on the Social Security program. A detailed table of contents and a summary table of the legislation discussed are provided to aid the reader.
Date: January 12, 2011
Creator: Sidor, Gary
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Tax Reform: An Overview of Proposals in the 112th Congress

Description: This report primarily covers fundamental tax reform. CRS reports are available online concerning the other three categories of tax reform: tax reform based on the elimination of the individual alternative minimum tax (AMT), proposals for reforming the corporate income tax, and proposals for reforming the U.S. taxation of international business.
Date: January 14, 2011
Creator: Bickley, James M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Should the United States Levy a Value-Added Tax for Deficit Reduction?

Description: Report that discusses the levying of a value-added tax (VAT), a broad-based consumption tax, to potentially assist in resolving United States fiscal problems. It considers the experiences of the 29 nations with value-added taxes (VATs) in the 30-member Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) which are relevant to the feasibility and operation of a possible U. S. VAT.
Date: January 21, 2011
Creator: Bickley, James M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A History of Federal Estate, Gift, and Generation-Skipping Taxes

Description: This report details the history of the three federal transfer taxes, tracing their development from their 18th-century roots to the present.
Date: January 24, 2011
Creator: Luckey, John R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Tax Policy Options for Deficit Reduction

Description: This report analyzes various revenue options for deficit reduction and highlights proposals made by the President's Fiscal Commission and the Debt Reduction Task Force.
Date: February 18, 2011
Creator: Sherlock, Molly F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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1099 Information Reporting Requirements and Penalties as Modified by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Small Business Jobs Act of 2010

Description: This report discuses the 2010 expansion of reporting requirements listed in IRC (Internal Revenue Code) 6041. The controversy in these expansions lies in the burden the expansion imposes on small businesses. The report also describes the pieces of legislation that have amended IRC 6041, and the implications of that legislation along with the consequences of IRC 6041.
Date: February 25, 2011
Creator: Pettit, Carol A. & Liu, Edward C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

1099 Information Reporting Requirements and Penalties as Modified by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Small Business Jobs Act of 2010

Description: This report discuses the 2010 expansion of reporting requirements listed in IRC (Internal Revenue Code) 6041. The controversy in these expansions lies in the burden the expansion imposes on small businesses. The report also describes the pieces of legislation that have amended IRC 6041, and the implications of that legislation along with the consequences of IRC 6041.
Date: March 4, 2011
Creator: Pettit, Carol A. & Liu, Edward C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

An Overview of Major Tax Proposals in the President's FY2012 Budget

Description: The Obama Administration released the President's FY2012 budget proposal on February 14, 2011. According to the Administration's estimates, the tax proposals in the budget would increase revenues $280 billion over the next 10 years. This report provides a broad overview of the provisions included in the President's FY2012 budget request.
Date: March 17, 2011
Creator: Keightley, Mark P.; Bickley, James M.; Guenther, Gary; Hungerford, Thomas L.; Maguire, Steven; Marples, Donald J. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Should the United States Levy a Value-Added Tax for Deficit Reduction?

Description: This report discusses the levying of a value-added tax (VAT), a broad-based consumption tax, to potentially assist in resolving United States fiscal problems. It considers the experiences of the 29 nations with value-added taxes (VATs) in the 30-member Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) which are relevant to the feasibility and operation of a possible U.S. VAT.
Date: March 22, 2011
Creator: Bickley, James M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Value-Added Tax (VAT) as a Revenue Option: A Primer

Description: This report summarizes issues, arguments, and concerns relevant to a value-added tax (VAT).
Date: March 22, 2011
Creator: Bickley, James M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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