Congressional Research Service Reports - 1,008 Matching Results
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- Internet Privacy: Overview and Pending Legislation
- Internet privacy issues encompass concerns about the collection of personally identifiable information from visitors to Web sites, as well as debate over law enforcement or employer monitoring of electronic mail and Web usage. In the wake of the September 11 terrorist attacks, debate over the issue of law enforcement monitoring has intensified, with some advocating increased tools for law enforcement to track down terrorists, and others cautioning that fundamental tenets of democracy, such as privacy, not be endangered in that pursuit. This report provides a brief overview of Internet privacy issues and tracks pending legislation.
- Dual-Use Biological Equipment: Difficulties in Domestic Regulation
- A question in the current debate over chemical and biological terrorism is: how well do current United States policies limit opportunities to terrorist groups for acquisition of such weapons? The domestic purchase and use of “dual-use” biological equipment, such as fermenters, centrifuges, and other equipment, is one area suggested as potentially providing opportunities for terrorist, biological weapons development. Dual-use equipment has both legitimate civilian and military use. Regulating international sale of dual-use equipment is used as a nonproliferation policy tool. Similar regulation of domestic sales has not been employed. This report will discuss the difficulties of applying domestic controls on dual-use biological equipment and the potential advantages and disadvantages of doing so.
- Geospatial Information and Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Current Issues and Future Challenges
- No Description Available.
- International Environmental Financing: The Global Environment Facility (GEF)
- This report provides an overview of one of the oldest international financial institutions for the environment - the Global Environment Facility (GEF) - and analyzes its structure, funding, and objectives in light of the many challenges within the contemporary landscape of global environmental finance.
- Internet: An Overview of Key Technology Policy Issues Affecting Its Use and Growth, July 20, 2005
- This report summarizes several key technology policy issues such as Internet privacy, computer and internet security, broadband internet access, electronic commerce, spam, internet's domain name system, and e-government.
- Internet: An Overview of Key Technology Policy Issues Affecting Its Use and Growth, April 13, 2005
- This report summarizes several key technology policy issues such as Internet privacy, computer and internet security, broadband internet access, electronic commerce, spam, internet's domain name system, and e-government.
- Internet: An Overview of Key Technology Policy Issues Affecting Its Use and Growth, January 5, 2007
- This report summarizes several key technology policy issues such as Internet privacy, computer and internet security, broadband internet access, electronic commerce, spam, internet's domain name system, and e-government.
- Internet: An Overview of Key Technology Policy Issues Affecting Its Use and Growth, May 31, 2002
- This report summarizes several key technology policy issues such as Internet privacy, computer and internet security, broadband internet access, electronic commerce, spam, internet's domain name system, and e-government.
- U.S. Civilian Space Policy Priorities: Reflections 50 Years After Sputnik
- This report discusses the actions taken by the United States to explore space and improve national defense after Sputnik was launched and calls for new goals and objectives for the 21st century.
- Internet: An Overview of Key Technology Policy Issues Affecting Its Use and Growth
- This report summarizes several key technology policy issues such as Internet privacy, computer and internet security, broadband internet access, electronic commerce, spam, internet's domain name system, and e-government.
- Internet: An Overview of Key Technology Policy Issues Affecting Its Use and Growth
- This report summarizes several key technology policy issues such as Internet privacy, broadband internet access, electronic commerce, spam, internet's domain name system, and e-government.
- Information Technology (IT) Management: The Clinger-Cohen Act and the Homeland Security Act of 2002
- This report discusses the effect of provisions like the Clinger-Cohen Act and the Homeland Security Act of 2002 on Information Technology (IT) management. It compares the effects of these acts on IT and potential issues are brought the forefront, with appropriate congressional action due.
- Information Technology (IT) Management: The Clinger-Cohen Act and the Homeland Security Act of 2002
- This report discusses the effect of provisions like the Clinger-Cohen Act and the Homeland Security Act of 2002 on Information Technology (IT) management. It compares the effects of these acts on IT and potential issues are brought the forefront, with appropriate congressional action due.
- International Science and Technology Issues: Summary of a Report to the Committee on Science
- This report summarizes a comparative study on international science and technology. It was prepared on the request of the Committee on Science of the House of Representatives. This paper provides a digest of analysis and findings on the science and technology policies, civilian research and development funding, and relevant policy issues of thirteen countries and the European union.
- Internet: An Overview of Key Technology Policy Issues Affecting Its Use and Growth
- This report summarizes several key technology policy issues such as Internet privacy, computer and internet security, broadband internet access, electronic commerce, spam, internet's domain name system, and e-government.
- Genomic Data and Privacy: Background and Relevant Law
- This report discusses considerations in the context of each of the relevant laws and regulations.
- Animal Agriculture: 2007 Farm Bill Issues
- With a few exceptions (such as milk), the products of animal agriculture are not eligible for the price and income supports that Congress historically has written into farm bills for major row crops such as grains, cottons, and oilseeds. However, the meat and poultry industries do look to the federal government for leadership and support in prompting their exports, resolving trade disputes, and reassuring markets that their products are safe, of high quality, and disease free. Farm bills can contain policy guidance and resources to help achieve these objectives.
- Cybersecurity
- This report details the information related to cybersecurity, its factors, legislative issues, and long-term challenges.
- Internet Gambling: Two Approaches in the 109th Congress
- This report provides the summary of two approaches related to internet gambling in the 109th Congress.
- Electronic Surveillance Modernization Act, as Passed by the House of Representatives
- This report summarizes the bill as passed by the House and analyzes the potential impact of its provisions were they to become law.
- Industrial Energy Intensiveness and Energy Costs in the Context of Climate Change Policy
- This report presents and briefly analyzes data on the amount, cost, and distribution by source of energy used by a number of U.S. energy-intensive sectors and "industries." While the report does not analyze how measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions would affect particular industries, it indirectly provides guidance.
- Information Technology and Elementary and Secondary Education: Current Status and Federal Support
- This report provides an analysis of selected issues involving the application of information technology to elementary and secondary education, and federal policymaking in this area.
- Update on Controlling Greenhouse Gases from International Aviation
- This report summarizes a few recent developments in the continuing debate over whether and how to address GHG emissions from international aviation.
- Visibility, Regional Haze, and the Clean Air Act: Status of Implementation
- This report provides an overview of the status of implementation of the visibility, regional haze, and clean air act.
- Leaking Underground Storage Tanks: Prevention and Cleanup
- This report provides an overview of the prevention and cleanup of the leaking underground storage tanks.
- WTO: Antidumping Issues in the Doha Development Agenda
- This report examines antidumping issues in Doha Development Agenda (DDA) negotiations by analyzing the issue in three parts. The first provides background information and contextual analysis for understanding why the issue is so controversial. The second section focuses on how antidumping issues fit into the DDA, and the third section provides a more specific overview of major reform proposals that are being considered.
- Internet Governance and the Domain Name System: Issues for Congress
- This report provides an overview of the issues for Congress on internet governance and the domain name system.
- International Financing of Responses to Climate Change
- This report describes many of the questions that are debate n international climate change fora. It aims to inform Congressional decision-making on the magnitude and mechanisms of financial assistance that the United States may provide to low-income countries to address climate change.
- Voluntary Carbon Offsets: Overview and Assessment
- This report provides an overview of carbon offsets and examines some of the issue that are generating debate. This report focuses on the voluntary offsets market.
- Imports of Canadian Waste
- This report provides background information on the history of Canadian waste imports, reviews recent developments, and discusses issues raised by the voluntary agreement and proposed legislation.
- Information Technology and Elementary and Secondary Education: Current Status and Federal Support
- This report provides an analysis of issue involving the application of information technology to elementary and secondary education, and federal policy making in this area.
- Internet Governance and the Domain Name System: Issues for Congress
- This report provides the issues for congress on the internet governance and the Domain Name System.
- Programs Funded by the H-1B Visa Education and Training Fee, and Labor Market Conditions for Information Technology (IT) Workers
- This report discusses legislation and funding plans made by Congress in relation to H-1B professional specialty visas granted to foreign workers specifically in the Information Technology sector.
- Programs Funded by the H-1B Visa Education and Training Fee, and Labor Market Conditions for Information Technology (IT) Workers
- This report discusses legislation and funding plans made by Congress in relation to H-1B professional specialty visas granted to foreign workers specifically in the Information Technology sector. Updated October 5, 2007.
- Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2006 Appropriations
- No Description Available.
- Advanced Vehicle Technologies: Energy, Environment, and Development Issues
- This report discusses four major vehicle technologies — electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrids, and fuel cell vehicles — as well as advanced component technologies. Each technology is discussed in terms of cost, fueling and maintenance infrastructure, and performance.
- State Technology Development Strategies: The Role of High Tech Clusters
- This report provides a framework for exploring the feasibility of generating high tech clusters in states where they currently do not exist or are not easily identifiable.
- The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Budget: Fact Sheet
- This report summarizes the goals and focus of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). The AHRQ is a piece of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) which is meant to improve the quality of health care, enhance the delivery of health care, and increase the amount of access people have to health services. Moreover, the report covers how the AHRQ is financed and debates how it will continue to be so.
- Access to Broadband Networks
- The purpose of this report is to provide a more concrete discussion of access to wireline broadband networks. To that end, this report provides a discussion of what broadband networks look like; how both consumers and independent applications providers gain access to these networks; and the parameters available to network providers (such as their choices about network architecture, overall bandwidth capacity, bandwidth reserved for their own use, traffic prioritization, the terms and rates for access to their networks and for their retail services) that can affect end users’ and independent applications providers’ access to those networks.
- Technology, Trade, and Security Issues Between the United States and the People’s Republic of China: A Trip Report, August 1997
- This report focuses on discussions held with both Chinese and U.S. officials and business leaders in China during 1997 which covered three major policy areas: technology, trade, and security.
- The Bayh-Dole Act: Selected Issues in Patent Policy and the Commercialization of Technology
- No Description Available.
- The Advanced Technology Program
- This report summarizes the Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and its creation. According to the report, the ATP was created to insure competitive technologies with broad applications throughout multiple industries. The report also covers information surrounding the budget of the program and its funding.
- The Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing (ATVM) Loan Program: Status and Issues
- This report discusses the Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing (ATVM) Loan Program by the Department of Energy (DOE). Furthermore, the report establishes the program as giving loans to businesses in the automotive industry to make new factories or redesign old ones to produce vehicles that achieve at least 25% higher fuel economy than vehicles from 2005. The report also covers the spending on the program and the requirements to receive a loan.
- The Advanced Technology Program
- This report summarizes the Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and its creation. According to the report, the ATP was created to insure competitive technologies with broad applications throughout multiple industries. The report also covers information surrounding the budget of the program and its funding.
- Access to Broadband Networks
- The purpose of this report is to provide a more concrete discussion of access to wireline broadband networks. To that end, this report provides a discussion of what broadband networks look like; how both consumers and independent applications providers gain access to these networks; and the parameters available to network providers (such as their choices about network architecture, overall bandwidth capacity, bandwidth reserved for their own use, traffic prioritization, the terms and rates for access to their networks and for their retail services) that can affect end users’ and independent applications providers’ access to those networks.
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Overview
- This report discusses the fluctuation in budget and funding for the National Institute of Standards and Technology until FY 1999.
- Arctic Petroleum Technology Developments
- This is a report by the Arctic Petroleum Technology about its developments.
- Some Perspectives on the Changing Role of the U.S. Government in Science and Technology
- This report analyzes a number of factors bearing on the government's role in science and technology (S&T): the character of research and development (R&D); the federal R&D missions involved; whether the government funds R&D in its own laboratories or in those of industry or academia; and the government's R&D budget and its management of, and planning for, S&T.
- The Advanced Technology Program
- This report summarizes the Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and its creation. According to the report, the ATP was created to insure competitive technologies with broad applications throughout multiple industries. The report also covers information surrounding the budget of the program and its funding.
- Access to Broadband Networks
- The purpose of this report is to provide a more concrete discussion of access to wireline broadband networks. To that end, this report provides a discussion of what broadband networks look like; how both consumers and independent applications providers gain access to these networks; and the parameters available to network providers (such as their choices about network architecture, overall bandwidth capacity, bandwidth reserved for their own use, traffic prioritization, the terms and rates for access to their networks and for their retail services) that can affect end users’ and independent applications providers’ access to those networks.