Congressional Research Service Reports - 848 Matching Results

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The Jackson-Vanik Amendment: A Survey

Description: This report discusses the Jackson-Vanik amendment, which was enacted as part of the Trade Act of 1974 and was directly a U.S. reaction to the severe restrictions the Soviet Union had placed in late 1972 on the emigration of its citizens, but was expanded in its scope to apply to all so-called “nonmarket economy” (NME) countries. The amendment, in effect, requires compliance with its specific free-emigration criteria as a key condition for the restoration of certain benefits theretofore denied t… more
Date: August 1, 2005
Creator: Pregelj, Vladimir N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Foreign Operations (House)/State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs (Senate): FY2006 Appropriations

Description: This report is a guide to one of the regular appropriations bills that Congress considers each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House Subcommittee on Foreign Operations and the Senate Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs. It summarizes the status of the bill, its scope, major issues, funding levels, and related congressional activity, and is updated as events warrant.
Date: January 27, 2006
Creator: Nowels, Larry & Epstein, Susan B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Iraq: Oil-for-Food Program

Description: This report discusses the “oil-for-food” program which represents a longstanding U.N. Security Council effort to alleviate human suffering in Iraq while maintaining pressure on the Iraqi government to comply with all relevant U.N. Security Council resolutions.
Date: November 29, 2000
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Iraq: U.S. Regime Change Efforts and Post-Saddam Governance

Description: Operation Iraqi Freedom succeeded in overthrowing Saddam Hussein, but Iraq remains violent and unstable because of Sunni Arab resentment and a related insurgency, as well as increasing sectarian violence. According to its November 30, 2005, “Strategy for Victory,” the Bush Administration indicates that U.S. forces will remain in Iraq until the country is able to provide for its own security and does not serve as a host for radical Islamic terrorists. This report discusses the background of the … more
Date: February 9, 2006
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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NATO and the European Union

Description: Report which discusses issues related to the North Atlantic Trade Organization (NATO) and the European Union (EU) including the level of involvement of the entities in using political and military actions to defend against terrorism and proliferation, the types of military forces necessary, the role of the EU in crisis management, the appropriateness of decision-making procedures to respond to emerging threats, and the role of other international institutions.
Date: January 3, 2006
Creator: Archick, Kristin & Gallis, Paul E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Human Rights in U.S. Foreign Relations: Six Key Questions in the Continuing Policy Debate

Description: This report provides background information and a general overview of the role of human rights in U.S. foreign policy. It includes a discussion of some traditional arguments about how international human rights concerns might be integrated with other foreign policy factors. It also includes a discussion of the definition of human rights, of U.S. international obligations to promote human rights, and the apparatus and procedures available to the U.S. Government for implementing human rights poli… more
Date: December 10, 1981
Creator: Bite, Vita
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Mexico-U.S. Relations: Issues for the 109th Congress

Description: This report discusses the United States and Mexico relations and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The major issues discussed by Congress are trade, migration/border security, drug trafficking, and political issues.
Date: October 26, 2004
Creator: Storrs, K. Larry
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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European Union Enlargement

Description: On May 1, 2004, 10 states joined the European Union (EU), enlarging the Union to 25 members. The EU views the enlargement process as an historic opportunity to promote stability in Europe and further the integration of the continent by peaceful means. In addition to the 10 new members (Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia), three other states — Bulgaria, Romania, and Croatia — hope to accede to the EU by 2007. Turkey is also a ca… more
Date: December 22, 2004
Creator: Archick, Kristin
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Jordan: U.S. Relations and Bilateral Issues

Description: This report discusses issues in U.S.-Jordanian relations. These issues include the stability of the Jordanian regime, democratic reform under way in Jordan, the role of Jordan in the Arab-Israeli peace process, Jordan’s concerns over the U.S.-led campaign against Iraq in 2003, and its relations with other regional states.
Date: January 28, 2005
Creator: Prados, Alfred B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Jordan: U.S. Relations and Bilateral Issues

Description: This report discusses issues in U.S.-Jordanian relations. These issues include the stability of the Jordanian regime, democratic reform under way in Jordan, the role of Jordan in the Arab-Israeli peace process, Jordan’s concerns over the U.S.-led campaign against Iraq in 2003, and its relations with other regional states.
Date: March 22, 2005
Creator: Prados, Alfred B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Libya: Legislative Basis for U.S. Economic Sanctions

Description: This report discusses U.S. laws and executive orders that impose economic sanctions currently in place against Libya, including whether they can be changed by executive action, and exemptions to the sanctions that could make foreign assistance available.
Date: January 23, 2006
Creator: Rennack, Dianne E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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India: Chronology of Recent Events

Description: This report provides a reverse chronology of recent events involving India and India-U.S. relations. Sources include, but are not limited to, major newswires, the U.S. Department of State, and Indian news outlets.
Date: March 31, 2006
Creator: Kronstadt, K. Alan
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Jordan: U.S. Relations and Bilateral Issues

Description: This report discusses issues in U.S.-Jordanian relations. These issues include the stability of the Jordanian regime, democratic reform under way in Jordan, the role of Jordan in the Arab-Israeli peace process, Jordan’s concerns over the U.S.-led campaign against Iraq in 2003, and its relations with other regional states.
Date: April 26, 2006
Creator: Prados, Alfred B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Foreign Operations (House)/State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs (Senate): FY2007 Appropriations

Description: This report is a guide to one of the regular appropriations bills that Congress considers each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House Subcommittee on Foreign Operations and the Senate Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs. It summarizes the status of the bill, its scope, major issues, funding levels, and related congressional activity, and is updated as events warrant.
Date: May 25, 2006
Creator: Nowels, Larry; Veillette, Connie & Epstein, Susan B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Foreign Policy Budget Trends: A Thirty-Year Review

Description: This report serves as a resource for the annual congressional debate on foreign policy spending, providing context and a trend analysis of the past 30 years. It considers the full scope of the International Affairs Budget, or Budget Function 150, as foreign policy spending is designated within the context of the Congressional Budget Resolution. It also illustrates spending trends of the major components that make up Budget Function 150. Other relevant “snapshots” of international spending are a… more
Date: January 31, 2006
Creator: Nowels, Larry
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Human Rights and U.S. Foreign Policy

Description: Following a review of such broad policy issues, this report treats specific human rights issues of current interest. Discussions of controversy over the selection of an Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs and of human rights policy at the international financial institutions are followed by reviews of U.S. human rights policy toward Argentina, El Salvador, Nicaragua, South Africa, and the Soviet Union.
Date: November 24, 1982
Creator: Bite, Vita
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fatah and Hamas: the New Palestinian Factional Reality

Description: For the first time in its history, the Palestinian parliament is set to be led by Hamas, which the United States and European Union have designated a foreign terrorist organization. Although some lauded the generally free and fair election in January 2006, others criticized the outcome and accused Hamas of “hijacking” democracy. This report provides an overview of the new political realities in the West Bank and Gaza after the election, the challenges Fatah and Hamas face, and possible implicat… more
Date: March 3, 2006
Creator: Pina, Aaron D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Mexico's Importance and Multiple Relationships with the United States

Description: This report provides information on the importance of Mexico to U.S. interests and catalogues the many ways Mexico and the United States interact. The report is a snapshot of the bilateral relationship at the beginning of 2006.
Date: January 18, 2006
Creator: Storrs, K. Larry
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Mexico-U.S. Relations: Issues for the 108th Congress

Description: This report discusses the United States and Mexico relations and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The major issues discussed by Congress are trade, migration/border security, drug trafficking, and political issues.
Date: December 22, 2004
Creator: Storrs, K. Larry
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Mexico-United States Dialogue on Migration and Border Issues, 2001-2006

Description: This report focuses on the interactions between Mexico and the United States on migration and border issues during the administrations of President George W. Bush and President Vicente Fox of Mexico. The discussions and agreements fall into four areas: (1) the bilateral migration talks, (2) the Partnership for Prosperity, (3) the Border Partnership Agreement, and (4) the trilateral “Security and Prosperity Partnership (SPP) of North America.
Date: February 16, 2006
Creator: Cook, Colleen W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Legal Developments in International Civil Aviation

Description: This report provides background on U.S. civil aviation agreements, updates the current status of U.S. “Open Skies” negotiations with the EU, and addresses the status of the legal debate concerning both the foreign ownership and control rules and the cabotage laws.
Date: August 25, 2006
Creator: Tatelman, Todd B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Foreign Policy Budget Trends: A Thirty-Year Review

Description: This report serves as a resource for the annual congressional debate on foreign policy spending, providing context and a trend analysis of the past 30 years. It considers the full scope of the International Affairs Budget, or Budget Function 150, as foreign policy spending is designated within the context of the Congressional Budget Resolution. It also illustrates spending trends of the major components that make up Budget Function 150. Other relevant “snapshots” of international spending are a… more
Date: June 20, 2006
Creator: Nowels, Larry
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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India's Nuclear Separation Plan: Issues and Views

Description: This report provides background on India’s nuclear fuel cycle, a discussion of various issues involved in separating civilian and military nuclear facilities and potential concerns for Congress as it considers whether the United States has adequate assurances that its nuclear cooperation does not assist, encourage, or induce India’s nuclear weapons development, production, or proliferation.
Date: July 21, 2006
Creator: Squassoni, Sharon
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Foreign Operations (House)/State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs (Senate): FY2007 Appropriations

Description: This report covers funding and policy issues related to Foreign Operations, as addressed in the House and Senate, and State Department programs as debated in the Senate. The discussion and accompanying tables are designed to track the House Foreign Operations Appropriation measure, as well as the broader Senate State, Foreign Operations spending bill.
Date: July 14, 2006
Creator: Nowels, Larry; Veillette, Connie & Epstein, Susan B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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