Congressional Research Service Reports - 1,546 Matching Results
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- Abortion: Legal Control
- The U.S. Supreme Court decisions in Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 112 (1973), and Doe v. Bolton, 410 U.S. 179, which held generally that a State could no longer prohibit abortions in the first 6 months of pregnancy, caused several House and Senate members to move for an abortion prohibition effectuated by congressional action. To this end, proposed bills and constitutional amendments have been introduced in both Houses. Rather than having settled the abortion question conclusively, the Supreme Court decisions have kindled a national protest movement.
- Equal Rights Amendment (Proposed)
- The proposed Equal Rights Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was first introduced in 1923, and was passed by the Congress in 1972. In 1978, Congress extended the original deadline for ratification of the ERA. Thus, if it receives approval in the form of ratification by 38 States before June 30, 1982, the measure will become the 27th Amendment to the Constitution, and will require equal treatment under Federal and State laws and practices for all persons, regardless of sex.
- The National Debt: A Discussion of the Issues Involved
- No Description Available.
- The American Electoral College: Origins, Development, Proposals for Reform or Abolition
- This report is a comprehensive annotated bibliography of substantive books, monographs, articles, and documents treating the origins, evolution, and current operational characteristics of the U.S. electoral college system, as well as proposals for its reform or abolition. An explanatory introduction is provided for readers unfamiliar with the issue.
- The Federal Budget Process
- This report outlines the legislative and administrative procedures involved in the federal budget process.
- Development of National Urban Growth and Rural Development Policy: Legislative and Executive Actions in 1970 and 1971
- The 1970 Acts require the executive branch to submit the reports on the further development of urban growth policy, the location of Federal facilities, acceleration of the availability of government services and financial assistance (among other subjects) in support of rural community development. This report should assist in the evaluation of these submissions received from the President and executive departments and agencies. The report's basic purpose is to place individual legislative actions in the larger context of interrelated national urban and rural development objectives set forth by the Congress. The basic content of this report consists of three major components. The first summarizes 1970 legislative developments at both the State and Federal levels of government concerning contributions being made toward the development of a balanced national growth policy for the United States. The second component describes the actions taken by Congressional committees and the Congress in the first session of the 92nd Congress (1971). The final component is a detailed annotated summary of the published literature of urban and rural development made available in 1971.
- Citizen Control Over Records Held by Third Parties
- The United States has become an information society. Government at every level and private industry have been collecting and using more personal information about individuals in the last several years than ever before. The Congress has been aware of this trend, and of the potencia1 for misuse of the information so collected; it has enacted several laws that protect the personal privacy of individuals, and respect the confidentiality of the information maintained about individuals by third parties. In this report, several privacy laws are summarized, and key provisions of each are compared, in order to make individual citizens aware of their rights , responsibilities and remedies under the law.
- Legislation to Limit Federal Expenditures: Past and Present
- This report examines the history of legislation to limit Federal spending through the 94th Congress, and summarizes in detail the record of the 95th Congress on such bills and amendments.
- Congressional Action to Overturn Agency Rules: Alternatives to the "Legislative Veto"
- Congress has available a variety of statutory and non-statutory techniques, other than the "legislative veto," that have been used to overturn Federal agency rules, prevent their enforcement, limit their impact, or hinder their promulgation. This survey of the different statutory instruments of congressional control—direct overturn of rules, modification of agency jurisdiction, limitations in authorizing and appropriating statutes, requiring inter-agency consultation, and advance notification to the Congress—discusses a variety of mechanisms that vary in their use and their specificity, range of impact, and length of effect.
- Actions of the Congress and the Federal Government on Smoking and Health
- This paper is a history of actions taken by the U.S. Congress and by the various departments and regulatory agencies of the Federal Government on the subject of smoking and health for the period from the mid-1950s to the end of the 95th Congress in 1978.
- A Concise History of the Food Stamp Program
- The Food Stamp Program has undergone a number of major changes since its modern version was established in 1961. It is now one of the largest "welfare" programs and provides an income supplement to the food-purchasing power of more than 18 million persons each month, at a cost of nearly $7 billion annually. This report traces the history of the program from 1961 through 1979, with an emphasis on how program rules, philosophy, participation, and costs have changed over the years.
- The Constitutionality of the Withdrawal of All Federal Court Jurisdiction Over Questions Involving State-Sponsored Prayer in Public Schools and Public Buildings
- This report discusses several court decisions regarding the constitutionality of the withdrawal of all Federal Court Jurisdiction over questions involving state-sponsored prayer in Public Schools and Public Buildings.
- Nursing Homes and the Congress: A Brief History of Developments and Issues
- No Description Available.
- Child Abuse: History, Legislation and Issues
- This report discusses child abuse legislation in United States, child abuse prevention and treatment, incidence of child abuse and neglect. The report provides a summary of major legislation in the 1st session of the 95th congress.
- No-Fault Motor Vehicle Insurance
- No Description Available.
- Tax Return Confidentiality
- No Description Available.
- China-U.S. Relations
- This report discusses the background information and most recent development in U.S.-China relations since mid-1996. The relations also have been marred by continuing allegations of Chinese espionage, ongoing controversy over human rights, charges that China continues to violate its non-proliferation commitments, controversy over the accidental NATO bombing of the Chinese Embassy in Belgrade, and renewed tensions over Taiwan. The report describes current issues in U.S.-China relations such as; Human Rights Issues, Issues in U.S.-China Security Relations, Economic Issues, and Sovereignty Issues: Taiwan, Tibet, Hong Kong.
- Seafarer: Extremely Low Frequency Naval Communications System
- No Description Available.
- The Consumer Price Index: An Overview
- The consumer price index is probably the most widely used measure of inflation. Changes i n the index affect the incomes of a substantial portion of the U.S. population. This report provides background information on the history and concepts of the index. In addition, several factors which may produce biases in the index are analyzed. The objective is to provide an introduction to the CPI f o r the policy maker who wishes to acquire a working knowledge of the concept as an aid in examining economic policy alternatives.
- The Consumer Price Index: An Overview
- The consumer price index is probably the most widely used measure of inflation. Changes i n the index affect the incomes of a substantial portion of the U.S. population. This report provides background information on the history and concepts of the index. In addition, several factors which may produce biases in the index are analyzed. The objective is to provide an introduction to the CPI f o r the policy maker who wishes to acquire a working knowledge of the concept as an aid in examining economic policy alternatives.
- A Concise History of the Food Stamp Program
- The Food Stamp Program has undergone a number of major changes since its modern version was established in 1961. It is now one of the largest "welfare" programs and provides an income supplement to the food-purchasing power of more than 18 million persons each month, at a cost of nearly $7 billion annually. This report traces the history of the program from 1961 through 1979, with an emphasis on how program rules, philosophy, participation, and costs have changed over the years.
- Organizations That Rate Members of Congress on their Voting Records
- From Summary: A number of groups currently compile and publish selected voting records of the Members of Congress based on issues of importance to each particular group. This is a list of these organizations, giving the name, address, telephone number, name of publication, focus of interest, and frequency of publication.
- Enhanced Radiation Weapons: The "Neutron Bomb"
- This report discusses the ramifications of President Jimmy Carter's production and deployment decisions of enhanced radiation weapons.
- Synthetic Fuels Corporation, Policy, and Technology
- This report about the Production of Synfuels.
- Space Shuttle
- This report
- Gasohol: The Alcohol Fuels
- This report is about the Gasohol: The Alcohol Fuels Issue Brief number IB74087
- Oil Shale Development in the West: Outlook, Current Activities, and Constraints
- This report discusses the technology base for processing oil shale, the outlook and constraints facing potential shale oil producers, the environmental and regulatory concerns associated with shale development.
- Capital Punishment
- This report is about Capital Punishment.
- Equal Rights Amendment proposed Issue Brief Number IB74122
- This report is about the Equal Rights Amendment proposed Issue Brief Number IB74122
- Water Pollution Control: Disposal of Dredge and Fill, Issue Brief Number IB77026
- This report addresses Disposal of Dredge and Fill regarding Water Pollution Control.
- Synthetic Fuels: The Model of Synthetic Rubber Production During WW II Issue Brief Number IB79075
- This report is about the model of synthetic rubber production during WW II.
- Agriculture: Parity, Parity, Parity
- This report addresses Legislative Enactment of Parity
- Right-to-work Laws, Issue Brief Number IB77016
- This report includes Right-to-Work Laws.
- Health Planning Amendments Issue Brief Number IB78010
- This report is about the national health planning and resources development act of 1974.
- Higher Education Act of 1965: Reauthorization by the 96th Congress Issue Brief Number IB79008
- This report is about the Higher education act of 1965.
- Rural Development: The Federal Role, Issue Brief Number IB77113
- This report addresses the Federal Role of Rural Development.
- Agriculture: Proposed Revisions in Federal Disaster Assistance
- This report is about the proposed revisions in federal disaster assistance for the agriculture field.
- Water Resources: Small-Scale Hydroelectric Development Issue Brief Number IB78035
- This report is about the development of small-scale Hydroelectric power stations.
- Water Resources Development: Administration reform Efforts Issue Brief Number IB78073
- This report is about the reform of national water policy and factor which are used to consider projects as most worthy.
- Water Resources Development: Cost-Sharing Options for Federal Projects Issue Brief Number IB79055
- This report is about the cost-sharing options for federal projects for water resources development.
- Dam Safety Issue Brief Number IB77123
- This report is a detailed report about the 1972 National dam safety inspection act.
- Nuclear Power Plants: State/Federal Control, Issue Brief Number IB77035
- This report addresses State/Federal Control regarding Nuclear Power Plants.
- Parental Kidnaping
- This report addresses the issue of parental kidnaping.
- Marihuana Control
- This report addresses the issue of marihuana control
- Federal Assistance to States and Communities for the Control of Drug Abuse
- This report discusses federal aid to states for use in preventing drug abuse.
- Executive Privilege: Withholding Information form the Congress -- Selected Issues and Judicial Decisions
- This report will examine a few scores of controversies regarding executive privilege to illustrate the issues that are emerged and the claims made by congress and the president, and judicial decisions that have a bearing ion them.
- Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Assistance: Federal Organization and Programs
- This report is on Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Assistance: Federal Organization and Programs.
- Employee Stock Ownership Plans: Current Status and Proposed Legislation
- This report is about employee stock ownership plans and their current status and proposed legislation.
- The Equal Rights Amendment: Its Implications and Intent; Selected Material Pro and Con
- This report discusses the amendments to the Equal Rights Amendment, and its implication and intent. It also includes the summary debate of Pro and Con on the Equal rights Amendment.
- The Effects of Television Violence on Children: A Selected Annotated Bibliography
- This report provides an annotated bibliography of resources related to the effects of TV violence on children. It includes Congressional hearings, books, and articles on the topic.