Congressional Research Service Reports - 176 Matching Results

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United Nations System Efforts to Address Violence Against Women

Description: This report provides an overview of recent U.N. efforts to address violence against women (VAW) and highlights key U.N. interagency efforts. It also discusses selected U.N. funds, programs, and agencies that address international violence against women. It does not assess the extent to which VAW is directly addressed or is part of a larger initiative or program.
Date: August 12, 2008
Creator: Blanchfield, Luisa
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2012

Description: This report identifies the names, committee assignments, dates of service, and (for Representatives) congressional districts of the 276 women who have served in Congress.
Date: January 27, 2012
Creator: Manning, Jennifer E. & Shogan, Colleen J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Social Security Benefit Enhancements for Women Act of 2002 (H.R. 4069)

Description: This report discusses the passing of the Social Security Benefit Enhancements for Women Act of 2002 and how it benefits certain divorced spouses and disabled and elderly widowers. The report analyzes the specific benefits of the act and how much the act would cost and the effects on the Social Security trust funds.
Date: May 30, 2002
Creator: Nuschler, Dawn
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Military Sexual Assault: Chronology of Activity in Congress and Related Resources

Description: Report that focuses on activity in Congress regarding recent high profile incidents of sexual assault in the military. Included are separate sections on the official responses related to these incidents by the Department of Defense (DOD), the Administration, and Congress including legislation in the 113th Congress. The last section is a resource guide for sources in this report and related materials on sexual assault and prevention.
Date: July 30, 2013
Creator: Torreon, Barbara Salazar
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pay Equity: Legislative and Legal Developments

Description: This report discusses pay equity litigation, including Wal-Mart Stores v. Dukes, a case in which the Supreme Court rejected class action status for current and former female Wal-Mart employees who allege that the company has engaged in pay discrimination.
Date: November 22, 2013
Creator: Collins, Benjamin & Feder, Jody
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pay Equity Legislation

Description: This report begins by showing the trend in the male-female wage gap and by examining the explanations that have been offered for its enduring presence. It next discusses the major laws directed at eliminating sex-based wage discrimination as well as relevant federal court cases. The report closes with a description of pay equity legislation that has been considered by Congress in recent years, including bills introduced in the 111th Congress.
Date: September 20, 2010
Creator: Feder, Jody & Levine, Linda
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pay Equity: Legislative and Legal Developments

Description: This report begins by presenting data on earnings for male and female workers and by discussing explanations that have been offered for the differences in earnings. It next discusses the major laws directed at eliminating sex-based wage discrimination as well as relevant federal court cases. The report closes with a description of pay equity legislation that has been considered or enacted by Congress in recent years.
Date: May 20, 2016
Creator: Feder, Jody & Collins, Benjamin
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Women in Congress, 1917-2018: Service Dates and Committee Assignments by Member, and Lists by State and Congress

Description: This report provides data on women who have served in Congress from 1917-2018. It includes committee assignments, dates of service, district information, and listings by Congress and state, and (for Representatives) congressional districts of the 327 women who have been elected or appointed to Congress.
Date: February 6, 2018
Creator: Manning, Jennifer E. & Brudnick, Ida A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Women in the Armed Forces. 1990

Description: This report is about the womens role in armed forces.
Date: August 23, 1990
Creator: Collier, Ellen C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Sex Discrimination and the United States Supreme Court: Developments in the Law

Description: This report focuses on sex discrimination challenges based on: the equal protection guarantees of the Fourteenth and Fifth Amendments; the prohibition against employment discrimination contained in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964; and the prohibition against sex discrimination in education contained in Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. Although this report focuses on recent legal developments in each of these areas, it also provides historical context by discussing selecte… more
Date: December 30, 2015
Creator: Feder, Jody
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pay Equity Legislation

Description: This report gives an overview of "pay equity," a term referring to the fact that women as a group are paid less than men. It includes the history of pay equity, legal and legislative background, and recent legislation.
Date: June 1, 2012
Creator: Collins, Benjamin & Feder, Jody
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pay Equity Legislation in the 107th Congress

Description: The term "pay equity" originates from the fact that women as a group are paid less than men. In 2000, for example, women with a strong commitment to the work force earned 76 cents for every dollar earned by men. As women's earnings as a percentage of men's earnings have narrowed by just 12 percentage points over the past four decades (from about 60% in the 1960s and 1970s to more than 70% in the 1990s), some members of the public policy community have argued that current anti-discrimination law… more
Date: March 26, 2001
Creator: Dale, Charles V. & Levine, Linda
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Trends in Welfare, Work and the Economic Well-Being of Female-Headed Families with Children: 1987-2000

Description: "This report examines trends in welfare, work and economic well-being of female headed families with children, the principal group affected by the replacement of AFDC with TANF. The report presents analysis of 14 years of U.S. Census Bureau Current Population Survey (CPS) data, the principal source of information for U.S. family income and poverty statistics (Summary)."
Date: December 21, 2001
Creator: Gabe, Thomas
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pay Equity Legislation in the 107th Congress

Description: This report discusses the gender wage gap and the historical presence of a gendered wage gap up until the time of the report's creation. It reports how the Federal government has fought the wage gap through acts like Equal Pay Act (EPA) and Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), and the current idea on how to correct and assist gender-based discrimination in the work force.
Date: May 30, 2001
Creator: Dale, Charles V. & Levine, Linda
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pay Equity Legislation in the 108th Congress

Description: This report discusses the historical presence of a gendered wage gap and the acts, such as the Equal Pay Act (EPA), and compensation for workers to shrink the gap. The report discusses the opposition who believe the gender wage gap will naturally reduce when women continue working and working themselves up the corporate ladder.
Date: July 13, 2004
Creator: Dale, Charles V. & Levine, Linda
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pay Equity Legislation in the 109th Congress

Description: This report discusses the gender wage gap and the efforts to close the gap through acts, such as Equal Pay Act (EPA), and the work to strengthen anti-discrimination laws and add additional measures to ensure gender equality in the work force. The report discusses the opposition who believes the gap will close on its own as women continue to work their way up in the workforce.
Date: May 11, 2005
Creator: Dale, Charles V. & Levine, Linda
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Female Genital Mutilation as Persecution: When Can It Constitute a Basis for Asylum and Withholding of Removal?

Description: This report first explores the basic statutory and regulatory framework that governs refugee law. This entails an outline of the requirements an applicant must meet in order to qualify as a refugee, a discussion about the differences between the two main forms of relief for aliens facing removal from the United States, asylum and withholding of removal, and an examination of several important issues and controversies concerning this particular area of refugee law.
Date: July 22, 2008
Creator: Kim, Yule
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (FVPSA): Background and Funding

Description: This report provides an overview of the federal response to domestic violence--defined broadly to include acts of physical and nonphysical violence against spouses and other intimate partners--through the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (FVPSA). The report begins with background on the definitions of domestic violence, family violence, and related terms. This background section also describes the risk factors for domestic violence and estimates of the number of victims. The next sec… more
Date: September 13, 2017
Creator: Fernandes-Alcantara, Adrienne
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Violence Against Women Act: Overview, Legislation, and Federal Funding

Description: This report provides a brief legislative history of the Violence Against Women Act and an overview of the crimes addressed through VAWA. It also discusses two bills that would reauthorize VAWA and selected issues.
Date: April 24, 2012
Creator: Sacco, Lisa N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2007

Description: This report identifies the names, committee assignments, dates of service, and (for Representatives) districts of the 244 women who have served in Congress.
Date: December 5, 2007
Creator: Amer, Mildred L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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