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Congressional Research Service Reports
- Nuclear Weapons: The Reliable Replacement Warhead Program
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6353/
- F/A-22 Raptor
- The F-22A Raptor is a next-generation fighter/attack aircraft that features the latest stealth technology to reduce detection by radar. Using more advanced engines and avionics than the current F-15 Eagle, the F-22A is intended to maintain U.S. Air Force capabilities against more sophisticated enemy aircraft and air defenses in the 21st century. This report examines the Air Force’s F-22A Raptor program, including costs and schedule; considers several key issues, and concludes with a synopsis of recent legislative activity on the program. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6341/
- F/A-22 Raptor
- The F-22A Raptor is a next-generation fighter/attack aircraft that features the latest stealth technology to reduce detection by radar. Using more advanced engines and avionics than the current F-15 Eagle, the F-22A is intended to maintain U.S. Air Force capabilities against more sophisticated enemy aircraft and air defenses in the 21st century. This report examines the Air Force’s F-22A Raptor program, including costs and schedule; considers several key issues, and concludes with a synopsis of recent legislative activity on the program. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6344/
- Conventional Warheads for Long-Range Ballistic Missiles: Background and Issues for Congress
- The United States has deployed long-range ballistic missiles as a part of its strategic offensive nuclear forces for more than 40 years. In recent years, analysts both inside and outside the government have suggested that the United States deploy conventional warheads on these missiles. This would provide the United States with the ability to strike promptly anywhere in the world, regardless of the presence of overseas bases or nearby naval forces. Many have expressed concerns about the possibility that other nations, such as Russia or China might misinterpret the launch of a conventionally-armed ballistic missile and conclude that they are under attack with nuclear weapons. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10364/
- F-22 Aircraft Program
- This report discusses the background information, analysis and the recent developments in the F-22 Aircraft Program. The F-22 program raises questions about its cost and the need for this aircraft, the capabilities it would have, and the number of these planes needed to meet military requirements. The F-22 has had strong congressional support, although some have criticized the program on grounds of cost, requirements, and coordination with other tactical aircraft programs. Deletion of procurement funds in the FY2000 defense appropriation bill passed by the House made the future of the program a major issue for House and Senate conferees in 1999. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1352/
- Iran's Ballistic Missile Programs: An Overview
- Iran has an active interest in developing, acquiring, and deploying a broad range of ballistic missiles. This was spotlighted in mid-July 2008 when Iran launched a number of ballistic missiles during military exercises. This report seeks to provide an overview of the reported or suspected variety of Iranian ballistic missile programs. Because there remains widespread public divergence over particulars, however, this report does not provide specificity to what Iran may or may not have, or is in the process of developing. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10718/
- F-22 Raptor Aircraft Program
- This report discusses the background information, analysis and the recent developments in the F-22 Raptor Aircraft Program. The F-22 program raises questions about its cost and the need for this aircraft, the capabilities it would have, and the number of these planes needed to meet military requirements. The F-22 has had strong congressional support, although some have criticized the program on grounds of cost, requirements, and coordination with other tactical aircraft programs. Deletion of procurement funds in the FY2000 defense appropriation bill passed by the House made the future of the program a major issue for House and Senate conferees in 1999. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2050/
- Nuclear Weapons: The Reliable Replacement Warhead Program
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6493/
- F-22 Raptor Aircraft Program
- This report discusses the background information, analysis and the recent developments in the F-22 Raptor Aircraft Program. The F-22 program raises questions about its cost and the need for this aircraft, the capabilities it would have, and the number of these planes needed to meet military requirements. The F-22 has had strong congressional support, although some have criticized the program on grounds of cost, requirements, and coordination with other tactical aircraft programs. Deletion of procurement funds in the FY2000 defense appropriation bill passed by the House made the future of the program a major issue for House and Senate conferees in 1999. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3625/
- F-22 Raptor Aircraft Program
- This report discusses the background information, analysis and the recent developments in the F-22 Raptor Aircraft Program. The F-22 program raises questions about its cost and the need for this aircraft, the capabilities it would have, and the number of these planes needed to meet military requirements. The F-22 has had strong congressional support, although some have criticized the program on grounds of cost, requirements, and coordination with other tactical aircraft programs. Deletion of procurement funds in the FY2000 defense appropriation bill passed by the House made the future of the program a major issue for House and Senate conferees in 1999. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3627/
- F-22 Raptor Aircraft Program
- This report discusses the background information, analysis and the recent developments in the F-22 Raptor Aircraft Program. The F-22 program raises questions about its cost and the need for this aircraft, the capabilities it would have, and the number of these planes needed to meet military requirements. The F-22 has had strong congressional support, although some have criticized the program on grounds of cost, requirements, and coordination with other tactical aircraft programs. Deletion of procurement funds in the FY2000 defense appropriation bill passed by the House made the future of the program a major issue for House and Senate conferees in 1999. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3628/
- F-22 Raptor Aircraft Program
- This report discusses the background information, analysis and the recent developments in the F-22 Raptor Aircraft Program. The F-22 program raises questions about its cost and the need for this aircraft, the capabilities it would have, and the number of these planes needed to meet military requirements. The F-22 has had strong congressional support, although some have criticized the program on grounds of cost, requirements, and coordination with other tactical aircraft programs. Deletion of procurement funds in the FY2000 defense appropriation bill passed by the House made the future of the program a major issue for House and Senate conferees in 1999. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3629/
- F-22 Raptor Aircraft Program
- This report discusses the background information, analysis and the recent developments in the F-22 Raptor Aircraft Program. The F-22 program raises questions about its cost and the need for this aircraft, the capabilities it would have, and the number of these planes needed to meet military requirements. The F-22 has had strong congressional support, although some have criticized the program on grounds of cost, requirements, and coordination with other tactical aircraft programs. Deletion of procurement funds in the FY2000 defense appropriation bill passed by the House made the future of the program a major issue for House and Senate conferees in 1999. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3626/
- Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Background and Issues for Congress
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8638/
- Nuclear Weapons: The Reliable Replacement Warhead Program
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8682/
- Bomber Options for Replacing B52s
- One of the main issues discussed in this report is the replacement of the B-52 bombers, due to the fact that many believe that by 1990, the B-52's vulnerability to improving Soviet air defenses will imperil its effectiveness as a penetrating bomber. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8615/
- Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Background and Issues for Congress
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5693/
- Nuclear Weapons: The Reliable Replacement Warhead Program
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7195/
- Nuclear Weapons: The Reliable Replacement Warhead Program
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7197/
- Nuclear Weapons: The Reliable Replacement Warhead Program
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7196/
- Crusader XM2001 Self-Propelled Howitzer: Background and Issues for Congress
- The Army has been seeking to enhance its self-propelled 155mm artillery capabilities since the late 1970's. Among other tasks, artillery systems provide direct-fire maneuver forces, such as tanks and infantry, with immediate, heavy, indirect fires from a distance. Congress has become actively involved in deciding the fate of the Crusader, whether that be to endorse the DOD cancellation decision, continue the current development schedule, or to choose another option. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3674/
- F-22A Raptor
- The F-22A Raptor is a next-generation fighter/attack aircraft that features the latest stealth technology to reduce detection by radar. Using more advanced engines and avionics than the current F-15 Eagle, the F-22A is intended to maintain U.S. Air Force capabilities against more sophisticated enemy aircraft and air defenses in the 21st century. This report examines the Air Force’s F-22A Raptor program, including costs and schedule; considers several key issues, and concludes with a synopsis of recent legislative activity on the program. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9030/
- Iran's Nuclear Program: Recent Developments
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6961/
- Iran's Nuclear Program: Recent Developments
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6346/
- China's Foreign Conventional Arms Acquisitions: Background and Analysis
- This report examines the major, foreign conventional weapon systems that China has acquired or has committed to acquire since 1990, with particular attention to implications for U.S. security concerns. It is not the assumption of this report that China’s military, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA), will engage in conflict with other forces in Asia. Nonetheless, since the mid-1990s, there has been increasing concern about China’s assertiveness in Asia and greater threats against Taiwan. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6836/
- Iran's Nuclear Program: Recent Developments
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10180/
- China's Foreign Conventional Arms Acquisitions: Background and Analysis
- This report examines the major, foreign conventional weapon systems that China has acquired or has committed to acquire since 1990, with particular attention to implications for U.S. security concerns. It is not the assumption of this report that China’s military, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA), will engage in conflict with other forces in Asia. Nonetheless, since the mid-1990s, there has been increasing concern about China’s assertiveness in Asia and greater threats against Taiwan. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1357/
- Russian Fighter Aircraft Industrial Base: Parallels with the United States?
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1358/
- Iran's Nuclear Program: Recent Developments
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspections since 2003 have revealed almost two decades' worth of undeclared nuclear activities in Iran, including uranium enrichment and plutonium separation efforts. The Security Council called upon Iran to take steps requested of it by the IAEA Board in February -- reinstate its suspension of enrichment and reprocessing, reconsider construction of its heavy water reactor, ratify and implement the Additional Protocol, and implement transparency measures. Iran has continued enrichment activities and failed to meet the Security Council's request. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10236/
- Iran's Nuclear Program: Recent Developments
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspections since 2003 have revealed almost two decades' worth of undeclared nuclear activities in Iran, including uranium enrichment and plutonium separation efforts. The Security Council called upon Iran to take steps requested of it by the IAEA Board in February -- resuspend enrichment and reprocessing, reconsider construction of its heavy water reactor, ratify and implement the Additional Protocol, and implement transparency measures. Iran has continued enrichment activities and failed to meet the Security Council's request. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10237/
- Iran's Nuclear Program: Recent Developments
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspections since 2003 have revealed almost two decades' worth of undeclared nuclear activities in Iran, including uranium enrichment and plutonium separation efforts. The Security Council called upon Iran to take steps requested of it by the IAEA Board in February -- reinstate its suspension of enrichment and reprocessing, reconsider construction of its heavy water reactor, ratify and implement the Additional Protocol, and implement transparency measures. Iran has continued enrichment activities and failed to meet the Security Council's request. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10235/
- Iran's Nuclear Program: Recent Developments
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6111/
- Iran's Ballistic Missile Capabilities
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6110/
- Nuclear Weapons in Russia: Safety, Security, and Control Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2057/
- Nuclear Weapons in Russia: Safety, Security, and Control Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2056/
- Trends in Conventional Arms Transfers to the Third World by Major Supplier, 1980-1987
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9620/
- Arms Sales: Congressional Review Process
- This report reviews the process and procedures that currently apply to congressional consideration of foreign arms sales proposed by the President. This includes consideration of proposals to sell major defense equipment, defense articles and services, or the re-transfer to third party nations of such military items. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9286/
- Nuclear Weapons in Russia: Safety, Security, and Control Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3655/
- Nuclear Weapons in Russia: Safety, Security, and Control Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3652/
- Nuclear Weapons in Russia: Safety, Security, and Control Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3651/
- Nuclear Weapons in Russia: Safety, Security, and Control Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3650/
- Nuclear Weapons in Russia: Safety, Security, and Control Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3654/
- Nuclear Weapons in Russia: Safety, Security, and Control Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3653/
- Nuclear Weapons in Russia: Safety, Security, and Control Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3649/
- Trends in Conventional Arms Transfers to the Third World by Major Supplier, 1980-1987
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9611/
- Iran's Nuclear Program: Recent Developments
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8701/
- Assessing the Options for Preserving ICBM Survivability
- The decision on how to redress the perceived vulnerability of U.S. intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMS) is the most controversial strategic nuclear weapon decision now facing the 97th Congress. A full-scale debate on this issue, especially as regards MX missile basing, seems certain. To assist Members of Congress in the debate, this paper discusses nine proposals for treating ICBM survivability: Recognize that ICBMs are invulnerable, rely only on bombers and submarines for deterrence, deploy a large or scaled-down shell-game multiple shelter system, defend MX with anti ballistic missiles, launch ICBMs on warning of attack, deploy MX on aircraft or small submarines, and diversify strategic forces, perhaps using small ICBMs. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8158/
- Nuclear Weapons in Russia: Safety, Security, and Control Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5675/
- Nuclear Weapons in Russia: Safety, Security, and Control Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5672/
- Nuclear Weapons in Russia: Safety, Security, and Control Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5671/