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International Trade: Rules of Origin

Description: This report deals with Rules of origin (ROO) in three parts. First, we describe in more detail the reasons that country of origin rules are important and briefly describe U.S. laws and methods that provide direction in making these determinations. Second, we discuss briefly some of the more controversial issues involving rules of origin, including the apparently subjective nature of some CBP origin determinations, and the effects of the global manufacturing process on ROO. Third, we conclude wi… more
Date: January 5, 2012
Creator: Jones, Vivian C. & Martin, Michael F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Trade Primer: Qs and As on Trade Concepts, Performance, and Policy

Description: The 112th Congress has a full legislative and oversight agenda on international trade. The agenda so far has included approval of legislation to implement free trade agreements with Colombia, Panama, and South Korea, and may take up enhanced enforcement of U.S. trade agreements, as well as Russia's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) and Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) status, oversight of the World Trade Organization's Doha Round, and trade relations with China. This report… more
Date: April 16, 2012
Creator: Hornbeck, J. F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Trade Primer: Qs and As on Trade Concepts, Performance, and Policy

Description: The 112th Congress has a full legislative and oversight agenda on international trade. The agenda may include considering legislation to implement pending free trade agreements with Panama, South Korea, and Colombia, enhanced enforcement of U.S. trade agreements, as well as oversight of the World Trade Organization's Doha Round and trade relations with China. This report provides information and context for many of these topics. The report is divided into four sections in a question-and-answer … more
Date: January 5, 2011
Creator: Ahearn, Raymond J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Trade Primer: Qs and As on Trade Concepts, Performance, and Policy

Description: This report is divided into four sections in a question-and-answer format: trade concepts, U.S. trade performance, formulation of U.S. trade policy, and trade and investment issues. The first section on "Trade Concepts" deals with why countries trade, the consequences of trade expansion, and the relationship between globalization and trade. The second section, on trade performance, focuses on the U.S. trade deficit and its impact on industries. The third section deals with the roles played by t… more
Date: December 8, 2010
Creator: Ahearn, Raymond J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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U.S. Trade with Free Trade Agreement (FTA) Partners

Description: This report presents data on U.S. merchandise (goods) trade with its Free Trade Agreement (FTA) partner countries. The data are presented to show bilateral trade balances for individual FTA partners and groups of countries representing such major agreements as the North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the Central American Free Trade Agreement and Dominican Republic (CAFTA-DR) relative to total U.S. trade balances.
Date: May 21, 2015
Creator: Jackson, James K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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NAFTA at Ten: Lessons from Recent Studies

Description: This report provides an analytical summary of the economic lessons reached in support of Congress's role in the trade policy process, especially the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
Date: February 13, 2004
Creator: Hornbeck, J. F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Agriculture in the WTO: Rules and Limits on Domestic Support

Description: This report provides a brief overview of the World Trade Organization (WTO) commitments most relevant for U.S. domestic farm policy. The report discusses a key question that policy makers ask of virtually every new farm proposal is, how will it affect U.S. commitments under the WTO? The answer depends not only on cost, but also on the proposal's design and objectives, as described below.
Date: April 20, 2015
Creator: Schnepf, Randy
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Generalized System of Preferences: Background and Renewal Debate

Description: This report presents, first, a brief history, economic rationale, and legal background leading to the establishment of the U.S. Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) program, which provides non-reciprocal, duty-free tariff treatment to certain products imported from designated beneficiary developing countries (BDC's). A brief comparison of GSP programs worldwide, especially as they compare to the U.S. system, is also presented. Second, the report presents a discussion of U.S. implementation o… more
Date: February 23, 2011
Creator: Jones, Vivian C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Generalized System of Preferences: Background and Renewal Debate

Description: This report presents recent developments and a brief history of the U.S. Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), which provides non-reciprocal, duty-free tariff treatment to certain products imported from designated beneficiary developing countries (BDCs). It discusses the economic rationale and legal background leading to the establishment of the GSP and the U.S. implementation of the GSP. The report also presents an analysis of the U.S. program's effectiveness and the positions of various … more
Date: August 17, 2015
Creator: Jones, Vivian C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Generalized System of Preferences: Background and Renewal Debate

Description: The U.S. Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) program provides non-reciprocal, duty-free tariff treatment to certain products imported from designated beneficiary developing countries (BDCs). This report presents, first, recent developments and a brief history, economic rationale, and legal background leading to the establishment of the GSP. Second, the report presents a discussion of U.S. implementation of the GSP. Third, the report presents an analysis of the U.S. program's effectiveness a… more
Date: December 16, 2014
Creator: Jones, Vivian C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Generalized System of Preferences: Background and Renewal Debate

Description: This report presents, first, a brief history, economic rationale, and legal background leading to the establishment of the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP). Second, the report presents a discussion of U.S. implementation of the GSP, along with the present debate surrounding its renewal and legislative developments to date. Third, an analysis of the U.S. program's effectiveness and the positions of various stakeholders are presented. Fourth, implications of the expiration of the U.S. prog… more
Date: April 19, 2012
Creator: Jones, Vivian C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Free Trade Agreements: Impact on U.S. Trade and Implications for U.S. Trade Policy

Description: This report looks at how free trade areas (FTAs) affect U.S. trade policy, specifically tariffs. It looks closely at the Bush Administration's Trade Promotion Policy, and pending FTAs leftover from this administration. Additionally, it looks at the Obama Administration's work in the prospective Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement (TPP).
Date: February 26, 2014
Creator: Cooper, William H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Country-of-Origin Labeling for Foods and the WTO Trade Dispute on Meat Labeling

Description: Report that covers the dispute between the U.S with its neighbors Canada and Mexico, who say that the recent country-of-origin labeling (COOL) system implemented by the U.S. Department of Agriculture is unfair and does not meet its original objectives.
Date: July 22, 2013
Creator: Jurenas, Remy & Greene, Joel L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Softwood Lumber Imports from Canada: Current Issues

Description: This report discusses the latest softwood lumber dispute between the U.S. and Canada, known as Lumber V. This report provides background information on the dispute, summarizes the key issues leading to the tensions between the United States and Canada over softwood lumber, and examines current developments in Lumber V.
Date: December 14, 2017
Creator: Hoover, Katie & Fergusson, Ian F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Free Trade Agreements: Impact on U.S. Trade and Implications for U.S. Trade Policy

Description: This report looks at how free trade areas (FTAs) affect U.S. trade in regards to trade policy, specifically tariffs. It looks closely at the Bush Administration's Trade Promotion Policy, and pending FTAs leftover from this administration. Additionally, it looks at the Obama Administration's work in the prospective Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement (TPP).
Date: June 18, 2012
Creator: Cooper, William H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Country-of-Origin Labeling for Foods and the WTO Trade Dispute on Meat Labeling

Description: This report covers the dispute between the U.S with its neighbors Canada and Mexico, who say that the recent country-of-origin labeling (COOL) system implemented by the U.S. Department of Agriculture is unfair and does not meet its original objectives. This dispute was brought before the WTO dispute panel and found to be valid. The report ends with a discussion of options for the U.S. in regards to modifying COOL to follow WTO rulings.
Date: July 3, 2012
Creator: Jurenas, Remy & Greene, Joel L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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U.S. Trade Concepts, Performance, and Policy: Frequently Asked Questions

Description: This report provides information and context for trade topics. It is intended to assist Members and staff who may be new to trade issues. The report is divided into four sections in a question-and-answer format: trade concepts; U.S. trade performance; formulation of U.S. trade policy; and trade and investment issues.
Date: March 25, 2016
Creator: Morrison, Wayne M.; Jackson, James K.; Jones, Vivian C.; Villarreal, M. A.; Fefer, Rachel F. & Feng, Ashley
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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U.S. Trade Concepts, Performance, and Policy: Frequently Asked Questions

Description: This report discusses trade issues relevant to Congress. It is divided into four sections in a question-and-answer format: trade concepts; U.S. trade performance; formulation of U.S. trade policy; and trade and investment issues.
Date: August 3, 2015
Creator: Morrison, Wayne M.; Bolle, Mary Jane; Jackson, James K.; Jones, Vivian C.; Villarreal, M. A. & Meza, Candy
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Free Trade Agreements: Impact on U.S. Trade and Implications for U.S. Trade Policy

Description: This report provides background on free trade areas (FTAs) -- arrangements among two or more countries under which they agree to eliminate tariffs and nontariff barriers on trade in goods among themselves -- why countries form them, and how they relate to U.S. trade policy. It also discusses recent developments, the economic impact of FTAs, the relation of FTAs to the World Trade Organization (WTO) and debate points, as well as general conclusions and implications for Congress.
Date: February 23, 2010
Creator: Cooper, William H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

U.S. Trade Concepts, Performance, and Policy: Frequently Asked Questions

Description: This report discusses trade issues relevant to Congress. The report is divided into four sections in a question-and-answer format: trade concepts; U.S. trade performance; formulation of U.S. trade policy; and trade and investment issues.
Date: January 30, 2015
Creator: Morrison, Wayne M.; Bolle, Mary Jane; Elwell, Craig K.; Jackson, James K.; Jones, Vivian C. & Villarreal, M. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Status of the WTO Brazil-U.S. Cotton Case

Description: This report provides a description and status report on Brazil's challenge to certain aspects of the U.S. cotton program under the rules of the World Trade Organization's (WTO's) dispute settlement process in case DS267.
Date: February 21, 2014
Creator: Schnepf, Randy
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

International Trade: Rules of Origin

Description: This report deals with rules of origin (ROO) in three parts. First, we describe in more detail the reasons that country of origin rules are important and briefly describe U.S. laws and methods that provide direction in making these determinations. Second, we discuss briefly some of the more controversial issues involving rules of origin, including the apparently subjective nature of some CBP origin determinations, and the effects of the global manufacturing process on ROO. Third, we conclude wi… more
Date: August 22, 2008
Creator: Jones, Vivian C. & Martin, Michael F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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