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Congressional Research Service Reports
- Automobiles Imported from Japan
- In recent years, U.S. automotive imports from Japan have seen an increasing at an unusually rapid pace. Congress is considering measures that alleviate the situation and in June 1980 concurrently resolved to promote the competitiveness of U.S. industry in world automobile and truck markets. As a result of the restraint agreement, automobile imports from Japan dropped from 1.99 million units in 1980 to 1.91 million units in 1981 (calendar year). digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8613/
- Imported Automobiles in the United States: Their Rising Market Share and the Macroeconomic Impact of a Proposed Import Restriction
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8147/
- Increased U.S. Military Sales to China: Arguments and Alternatives
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8154/
- China-U.S. Trade
- The improved political relationship between the United States and the People's Republic of China (P.R.C.), initiated by the Nixon Administration and furthered by the Carter Administration's decision to establish diplomatic relations, has spurred a rapid increase in Sino-U.S. trade. While still small relative to overall U.S. foreign trade, the volume of trade represents an abrupt shift from the no-trade policy that had been pursued since 1950. Despite the rapid expansion, outstanding issues remain as serious barriers to normalized trade. Resolution of those issues may require concession or accommodations by the Chinese leadership as well as action by both the U.S. Congress and the Executive Branch. However, the development of a new approach to foreign economic relations by the post-Mao Chinese leadership and the establishment of diplomatic relations have laid the ground work for a further expansion of commercial relations. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8404/
- Japan's International Trade Patterns, Institutions, and Policies
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8511/
- Technology Transfer And National Security Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9232/
- Soviet Gas Pipeline: U.S. Options
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8790/
- Foreign Investment in U.S. Industry
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8609/
- Japan-U.S. Trade Relations
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8612/
- Japan-U.S. Trade
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8711/
- Reciprocity in International Trade
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9176/
- Caribbean Basin Initiative
- The Reagan Administration has proposed legislation which would seek to use trade and aid to promote political stability and economic growth in the Caribbean Basin region. Among other things, it would create a one-way free trade zone, where the small nations of the region would have an opportunity for export-led growth through duty-free access to the U.S. market. It would also provide $350 million in economic aid for 1982 to El Salvador and other Caribbean countries. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8832/
- The FTC's Used Car Rule
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8824/
- Solar Energy: The Federal Program and Congressional Interest
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9188/
- Why U.S. Agricultural Exports Have Declined in the 1980s
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8863/
- Primer on P.L. 480 -- Program History, Description, and Operations: A Brief Compilation of Explanatory Documents
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9184/
- U.S. Sales of New Domestic and Imported Automobiles from 1977 through 1984, With U.S. Market Shares of Countries of Origin
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9578/
- U.S. Sales of New Domestic and Imported Automobiles from 1977 through 1984, With U.S. Market Shares of Countries of Origin
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9584/
- The Stability of the International Banking System
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9576/
- The Stability of the International Banking System
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9582/
- The Case for and Against an Import Surcharge
- The United States is now running a deficit of over $100 billion in its foreign trade and the Federal budget is in the red by roughly $200 billion. To deal with these two deficits, Congress is considering a temporary import surcharge. This brief examines the case for and against such a surcharge as well as its use against Japan. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9240/
- Sanctions Against South Africa: Activities of the 99th Congress
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8421/
- Sanctions against South Africa: Activities of the 99th Congress
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8876/
- Arms Shipments to Iran
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9063/
- South Africa: U.S. Policy After Sanctions
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8877/
- Persian Gulf Oil Trade: Numbers and Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8424/
- Terrorism: U.S. Policy Options
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9247/
- Trade Deficits and the Dollar: Bibliography-in-Brief, 1984-1987
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9592/
- Trade Deficits and the Dollar: Bibliography-in-Brief, 1984-1987
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9602/
- The Iran-Iraq War: Implications for U.S. Policy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9596/
- South Africa: U.S. Policy After Sanctions
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8887/
- Trade and Current Account Balances: Statistics
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9609/
- Trade and Current Account Balances: Statistics
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9618/
- Education Proposals in Trade Competitiveness Legislation
- Improvement on America's competitive position in international trade is one of the major issues confronting the 100th Congress. Most legislative proposals have included provisions for increasing the funding levels for Federal education programs, expanding current programs, or authorizing new programs. The primary goal is to improve the productivity of the Nation's workers by raising the skill level of the workforce. Discussions about education's role i n addressing the competitiveness issue have included the contribution of education to productivity growth, comparisons of the educational achievement of American school children with that of their peers in other nations , the educational needs of illiterate adults , and the role of technology in education. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9072/
- Trends in Conventional Arms Transfers to the Third World by Major Supplier, 1980-1987
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9620/
- Trends in Conventional Arms Transfers to the Third World by Major Supplier, 1980-1987
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9611/
- U.S. Trade Policy Towards Japan: Where Do We Go From Here?
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs4/
- Japan: Prospects for Greater Market Openness
- Japan has made considerable progress in opening its economy to imports, but significant obstacles remain. This report analyzes the underlying causes of Japan's market protection and assesses the prospects for Japan moving in the direction of greater market openness. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5/
- Commercial Relations with the Soviet Union: Prospects for a Common United States Japanese Policy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10/
- Japan: Resale Price Maintenance
- Resale price maintenance occurs when manufacturers control the prices charged by wholesalers or retailers of their products. In Japan, such activities are prohibited, although certain exemptions are allowed. The U.S. concern over the practice is that it could allow Japanese firms to generate a secure profit base in their home market in order to finance aggressive price competition abroad. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6/
- Japanese Companies and Technology: Lessons to Learn?
- American companies are facing increased competitive pressures from foreign firms. Many observers feel that U.S. firms lag behind their foreign competitors in the development, application, and marketing of new technologies and techniques. The Japanese industrial enterprise is characterized by a large proportion of private sector financing and many other factors, which this report analyzes at length. The question being debated by Congress is whether or not U.S. government programs and policies are an acceptable and effective means of supporting the efforts of American industries to operate in a manner consistent with success in world markets. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7/
- Japan-U.S. Trade: A Chronology of Major Events, 1980-1990
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs19/
- Japanese and U.S. Industrial Associations: Their Roles in High-Technology Policymaking
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs18/
- Japan-U.S. Trade and Economic Relations: Bibliography-In-Brief, 1990-1991
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs17/
- Japan-U.S. Trade U.S. Exports of Negotiated Products, 1985-1990
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs20/
- The European Community - Japan Automobile Agreement
- The European Community (EC) and Japan reached an agreement on trade in automobiles in July 1991. The agreement restricts exports of automobiles from Japan to the EC to 1.23 million cars per year until the end of 1999. The Commission of the European Communities estimates that Japanese transplant production in the EC will amount to 1.2 million cars per year in 1999. The Japanese appear to concur with this estimate but do not agree that it constitutes a cap on transplant investment or production. Whether the agreement covers the export of U.S.-built Japanese transplants to the EC is unclear. If the agreement covers, or has the effect of discouraging, such exports, it would be a cause for concern for U.S. policymakers. U.S. trade officials have reportedly discussed the issue with Japanese counterparts. It is unknown whether U.S. concerns have been addressed to European Community (EC) officials. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs40/
- Japan and an East Asian Trading Bloc
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs37/
- Congress and Trade Policy Toward Japan
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs38/
- The U.S.-EC Japan Trade Triangle
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs39/
- Japan-Taiwan Economic Relations: Implications for the U.S.
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs29/