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Congressional Research Service Reports
- Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3878/
- Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3874/
- Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3876/
- Computer Services Personnel: Overtime Pay Under the Fair Labor Standards Act
- The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (FLSA), as amended, is the primary federal statute in the area of minimum wages and overtime pay. Through administrative rulemaking, the Secretary of Labor has established two tests through which to define eligibility under the Section 13(a)(1) exemption: a duties test and an earnings test. In the 106th Congress, legislation was introduced by Representatives Andrews and Lazio that would have increased the scope of the exemption: first, by expanding the range of exempt job titles, and then, through a relative reduction in the value of the earnings threshold or test. For example, were the minimum wage increased to $6.15 per hour, as pending proposals would do, the value of the computer services exemption threshold would be 4.5 times the federal minimum wage. Ultimately, neither bill was enacted, but the issue has re-emerged as H.R. 1545 (Andrews) and H.R. 546 (Quinn). digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5102/
- Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5744/
- Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7870/
- Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy
- There is ongoing interest in the pace of U.S. technological advancement due to its influence on U.S. economic growth, productivity, and international competitiveness. Because technology can contribute to economic growth and productivity increases, congressional attention has focused on how to augment private-sector technological development. This report covers legislative activity in the past and present on this topic. It also looks at the future of Congressional action towards mandated specific technology development. As the Congress develops its appropriation priorities, the manner by which the government encourages technological progress in the private sector again may be explored and/or redefined. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84059/
- The President's Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP): Issues for Congress
- This report discusses the role of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), including an overview of the history of science and technology advice to the President, issues and options for Congress regarding (OSTP) Director, OSTP management and operations, the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST), and the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC). The report also discusses actions taken by the Obama Administration regarding OSTP. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc87355/
- Data Mining: An Overview
- Data mining is emerging as one of the key features of many homeland security initiatives. Often used as a means for detecting fraud, assessing risk, and product retailing, data mining involves the use of data analysis tools to discover previously unknown, valid patterns and relationships in large data sets. This report discusses the data mining uses (i.e. Terrorism Information Awareness (TIA) Program) and issues (i.e. data quality, interoperability, privacy), as well as the limitations of data mining. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6059/
- Internet Voting: Issues and Legislation
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1636/
- Japanese and U.S. Industrial Associations: Their Roles in High-Technology Policymaking
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs18/
- Computer Security: A Summary of Selected Federal Laws, Executive Orders, and Presidential Directives
- This report provides a short summary of selected federal laws, executive orders, and presidential directives, currently in force, that govern computer security. The report focuses on the major roles and responsibilities assigned various federal agencies in the area of computer security. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6065/
- Data Mining: An Overview
- Data mining is emerging as one of the key features of many homeland security initiatives. Often used as a means for detecting fraud, assessing risk, and product retailing, data mining involves the use of data analysis tools to discover previously unknown, valid patterns and relationships in large data sets. This report discusses the data mining uses (i.e. Terrorism Information Awareness (TIA) Program) and issues (i.e. data quality, interoperability, privacy), as well as the limitations of data mining. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6060/
- Net Neutrality: Background and Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10669/
- Data Mining and Homeland Security: An Overview
- Data mining has become one of the key features of many homeland security initiatives. Often used as a means for detecting fraud, assessing risk, and product retailing, data mining involves the use of data analysis tools to discover previously unknown, valid patterns and relationships in large data sets. In the context of homeland security, data mining can be a potential means to identify terrorist activities, such as money transfers and communications, and to identify and track individual terrorists themselves, such as through travel and immigration records. This report explores the issue of data mining in detail and in the context of homeland security, as well as relevant initiatives and pieces of legislation. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10446/
- Electronic Commerce: An Introduction
- Electronic commercial transactions over the Internet, or “e-commerce,” have grown so fast over the last five years that many experts continue to underestimate its growth and development. Whether retail business-to-customer or business-to-business transactions, e-commerce shows no signs of slowing down. In turn, policymakers both in the United States and abroad are likely to face increasingly complex issues of security, privacy, taxation, infrastructure development and other issues in 2000 and beyond. This report will be updated periodically. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1107/
- Data Mining: An Overview
- Data mining is emerging as one of the key features of many homeland security initiatives. Often used as a means for detecting fraud, assessing risk, and product retailing, data mining involves the use of data analysis tools to discover previously unknown, valid patterns and relationships in large data sets. This report discusses the data mining uses (i.e. Terrorism Information Awareness (TIA) Program) and issues (i.e. data quality, interoperability, privacy), as well as the limitations of data mining. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6929/
- Internet Voting: Issues and Legislation
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2598/
- Information Services for Agriculture: The Role of Technology
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8510/
- Data Mining and Homeland Security: An Overview
- Data mining is emerging as one of the key features of many homeland security initiatives. Often used as a means for detecting fraud, assessing risk, and product retailing, data mining involves the use of data analysis tools to discover previously unknown, valid patterns and relationships in large data sets. This report discusses the data mining uses (i.e. Terrorism Information Awareness (TIA) Program) and issues (i.e. data quality, interoperability, privacy), as well as the limitations of data mining. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8349/
- Internet Voting
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs4397/
- Internet Voting
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs4398/
- Internet Statistics: Explanation and Sources
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5495/
- Data Mining: An Overview
- Data mining is emerging as one of the key features of many homeland security initiatives. Often used as a means for detecting fraud, assessing risk, and product retailing, data mining involves the use of data analysis tools to discover previously unknown, valid patterns and relationships in large data sets. This report discusses the data mining uses (i.e. Terrorism Information Awareness (TIA) Program) and issues (i.e. data quality, interoperability, privacy), as well as the limitations of data mining. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7051/
- Internet Statistics: Explanation and Sources
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3473/
- Data Mining: An Overview
- Data mining is emerging as one of the key features of many homeland security initiatives. Often used as a means for detecting fraud, assessing risk, and product retailing, data mining involves the use of data analysis tools to discover previously unknown, valid patterns and relationships in large data sets. This report discusses the data mining uses (i.e. Terrorism Information Awareness (TIA) Program) and issues (i.e. data quality, interoperability, privacy), as well as the limitations of data mining. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7157/
- An Analysis of STEM Education Funding at the NSF: Trends and Policy Discussion
- This report analyzes National Science Foundation funding trends and selected closely related STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) education policy issues in order to place conversations about FY2013 funding in broader fiscal and policy context. It concludes with an analysis of potential policy options. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc86626/
- Federally-Funded Innovation Inducement Prizes
- This report discusses the status of current federally-funded innovation inducement prizes, addresses the different types of prizes, analyzes when prizes may be appropriate and effective, and summarizes assessments that have been made of their effectiveness. The report also provides the lessons that may be learned from completed competitions, and policy options for those Members of Congress interested in taking action regarding federally-funded innovation inducement prizes. The report concludes with an overview of 111th congressional activities regarding prizes. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26173/
- Internet Governance and the Domain Name System: Issues for Congress
- As the Internet grows and becomes more pervasive in all aspects of modern society, the question of how it should be governed becomes more pressing. Currently, an important aspect of the Internet is governed by a private sector, international organization called the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), which manages and oversees some of the critical technical underpinnings of the Internet such as the domain name system and Internet Protocol (IP) addressing. ICANN makes its policy decisions using a multistakeholder model of governance, whereby a “bottom-up” collaborative process is open to all constituencies of Internet stakeholders. A key issue for Congress is whether and how the U.S. government should continue to maximize U.S. influence over ICANN's multistakeholder Internet governance process, while at the same time effectively resisting proposals for an increased role by international governmental institutions such as the U.N. The outcome of this debate will likely have a significant impact on how other aspects of the Internet may be governed in the future, especially in such areas as intellectual property, privacy, law enforcement, Internet free speech, and cybersecurity. Looking forward, the institutional nature of Internet governance could have far reaching implications on important policy decisions that will likely shape the future evolution of the Internet. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc87212/
- Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy: CRS Experts
- The table in this report provides names and contact information for CRS experts on federal science, technology, and innovation policies, including authorizing programs and funding, making appropriations, and conducting oversight activities. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc122248/
- Science and Technology Policymaking: A Primer
- This report provides a basic understanding of science and technology policy including the nature of S&T policy, how scientific and technical knowledge is useful for public policy decisionmaking, and an overview of the key stakeholders in science and technology policy. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc94143/
- Science, Technology, and American Diplomacy: Background and Issues for Congress
- This report provides an overview of current U.S. international S&T policy; describes the role of the Department of State (DOS), the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), and other federal agencies; and discusses possible policy options for Congress. It focuses on international science and technology diplomacy, where American leadership in science and technology is used as a diplomatic tool to enhance another country's development and to improve understanding by other nations of U.S. values and ways of doing business. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc94150/
- The Federal Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Program: Funding Issues and Activities
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6052/
- High Performance Computers and Export Control Policy: Issues for Congress
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6453/
- Science, Technology, and Medicine: Issues Facing the 106th Congress, Second Session
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1295/
- A Department of Science and Technology: A Recurring Theme
- Consolidation of many Federal research and development (R&D) activities into a Department of Science and Technology (S&T) has been proposed repeatedly since World War D, including in the last Congress. The trend, however, has been toward the creation of mission agencies with supporting R&D capabilities. Analyses of arguments for and against consolidation indicate that valid reasons exist on both sides of the issue. Specific consolidation proposals may be considered again during the 104th Congress. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs197/
- An Information Technology Labor Shortage? Legislation in the 106th Congress
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1974/
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Overview
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10131/
- Science, Technology, and Medicine: Issues Facing the 106th Congress, First Session
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1016/
- DOE Environmental Technology Department - A Fact Sheet
- The Department of Energy (DOE) established the Office of Technology Development in 1989 to develop faster and less expensive technical solutions to the Department's widespread environmental problems, primarily the legacy of decades of nuclear weapons production. Without new environmental technologies, DOE contends, some types of contamination may prove impossible to clean up. The Office of Technology Development, which is part of DOE's Environmental Management Program (EM), manages all stages of the development of new environmental restoration and waste management technologies, from basic research and development through final testing, demonstration and evaluation. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs111/
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Overview
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10026/
- Transfer of Missile and Satellite Technology to China: A Summary of H.Res. 463 Authorizing a House Select Committee
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs804/
- The Federal Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Program: Funding Issues and Activities
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8930/
- The Federal Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Program: Funding Issues and Activities
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8451/
- Internet: An Overview of Key Technology Policy Issues Affecting Its Use and Growth
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9327/
- High Performance Computers and Export Control Policy: Issues for Congress
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8353/
- Science and Technology Policy: Issues for the 109th Congress
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9378/
- High Performance Computers and Export Control Policy: Issues for Congress
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5494/
- Science, Technology, and Medicine: Issues Facing the 105th Congress, First Session
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs482/
- Science, Technology, and Medicine: Issues Facing the 105th Congress, Second Session
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs774/