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Albania: Country Background Report

Description: This report discusses the economic and political status of Albania in the year 2000, notably focusing on certain important events throughout the 1990s, such as the Kosovo Crisis and the rise to power of the Socialist Party in 1997.
Date: June 29, 2000
Creator: Kim, Julie
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Afghanistan: Challenges and Options for Reconstructing a Stable and Moderate State

Description: This report provides information on and analysis of the current situation in Afghanistan, taking into consideration the country’s essential characteristics and political developments since about the time of the overthrow of the last Afghan King, Zahir Shah, in 1973, and sketches out four possible scenarios for Afghanistan’s future. Finally, the report identifies and analyzes factors that will influence Afghanistan’s political future, and discusses three policy areas in particular in which actio… more
Date: April 24, 2002
Creator: Cronin, Richard P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Afghanistan: Challenges and Options for Reconstructing a Stable and Moderate State

Description: This report provides information on and analysis of the current situation in Afghanistan, taking into consideration the country’s essential characteristics and political developments since about the time of the overthrow of the last Afghan King, Zahir Shah, in 1973, and sketches out four possible scenarios for Afghanistan’s future. Finally, the report identifies and analyzes factors that will influence Afghanistan’s political future, and discusses three policy areas in particular in which actio… more
Date: May 10, 2002
Creator: Cronin, Richard P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Afghanistan: Challenges and Options for Reconstructing a Stable and Moderate State

Description: This report provides information on and analysis of the current situation in Afghanistan, taking into consideration the country’s essential characteristics and political developments since about the time of the overthrow of the last Afghan King, Zahir Shah, in 1973, and sketches out four possible scenarios for Afghanistan’s future. Finally, the report identifies and analyzes factors that will influence Afghanistan’s political future, and discusses three policy areas in particular in which actio… more
Date: July 11, 2002
Creator: Cronin, Richard P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Argentina's Political Upheaval

Description: This report examines Argentina’s political upheaval in the early 2000s; the outlook for the Duhalde government (President Eduardo Duhalde being sworn in on December 2003); and related implications for the United States.
Date: January 25, 2002
Creator: Sullivan, Mark P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Colombia: The Uribe Administration and Congressional Concerns

Description: On August 7, 2002, President-elect, Alvaro Uribe Velez, age 49, is scheduled to take office amid an intensifying conflict. Uribe’s election has been widely attributed to his law-and-order campaign promises to pursue the guerrillas vigorously by increasing Colombia’s military budget, doubling the size of the military to 100,000, and creating a one-million man civilian militia to aid the Colombian military, as well as to the worsening security situation in Colombia.
Date: June 14, 2002
Creator: Serafino, Nina M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Kuwait: Post-Saddam Issues and U.S. Policy

Description: With the conventional military threat from Saddam Hussein’s Iraq removed, Kuwait has begun breaking the longstanding political deadlock over leadership and political and economic reform. However, Kuwaiti leaders are facing a new set of concerns posed by continuing instability in Iraq. This report will be updated as developments warrant. See also CRS Report RL31533, The Persian Gulf States: Postwar Issues for U.S. Policy, 2004.
Date: May 18, 2005
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Kuwait: Post-Saddam Issues and U.S. Policy

Description: With the conventional military threat from Iraq reduced, Kuwait has begun breaking the longstanding political deadlock over leadership and political and economic reform. However, Kuwaiti leaders are facing a new set of concerns posed by continuing instability in Iraq. This report will be updated periodically. See also CRS Report RL31533, The Persian Gulf States: Post-War Issues for U.S. Policy, 2004.
Date: June 29, 2005
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

East Timor: Political Dynamics, Development, and International Involvement

Description: The situation in the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, which is also known as simply Timor-Leste or East Timor, is relatively calm compared with recent periods of political strife and insurrection. That said, some underlying tensions, such as with the security sector, remain to be resolved. Timor-Leste faces many serious challenges as it seeks to establish a stable democracy and develop its economy. A key challenge for East Timor will be to create enough political stability to focus on buildi… more
Date: June 17, 2009
Creator: Margesson, Rhoda & Vaughn, Bruce
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Albania: Country Background Report

Description: This report discusses the economic and political status of Albania in the year 2000, notably focusing on certain important events throughout the 1990s, such as the Kosovo Crisis and the rise to power of the Socialist Party in 1997.
Date: June 29, 2000
Creator: Kim, Julie
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

North Korea After Kim Il Sung

Description: Kim Il Sung died on July 8, 1994, the only leader North Korea had since its founding in 1948. His death raises several questions about future stability and the strong U.S. interests on the Korean Peninsula.
Date: July 20, 1994
Creator: Shinn, Rinn-Sup & Sutter, Robert G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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American National Government: An Overview

Description: Power in American national government is decentralized, divided, dispersed, and limited. This distribution of power derives in part from the Constitution, through limitations imposed on the government, the system of checks and balances among the three branches, and independent bases of support and authority for each branch. This report, which examines these elements, will be updated as developments require.
Date: January 22, 2001
Creator: Kaiser, Frederick M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Egypt: 2005 Presidential and Parliamentary Elections

Description: In 2005, Egypt conducted two sets of elections that illustrate both the opportunities and challenges for U.S. democracy promotion policy in the Middle East. On September 7, 2005, Egypt conducted its first multi-candidate presidential election, resulting in the reelection of President Hosni Mubarak with 88% of the vote. Although some have credited Egypt for holding a competitive election, many have criticized the outcome and alleged fraud. Parliamentary elections in Egypt resulted in the ruling … more
Date: January 15, 2006
Creator: Sharp, Jeremy M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Iran: Profile of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad

Description: Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmedinejad was elected June 24, 2005, to a four-year term, becoming the first non-cleric president in 24 years. He defeated former president Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani in a run-off. Prior to his 2005 election to the presidency, Ahmadinejad did not hold an elected office and was a virtual unknown in the international arena. This report covers his background; his victory over the well-known former president Rafsanjani; his remarks about the West, including Israel; and rec… more
Date: July 9, 2008
Creator: Hassan, Hussein D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Kurds in Post-Saddam Iraq

Description: Iraq’s Kurdish community, repressed by previous Iraqi governments, has become a major force in post-Saddam Iraq. The Kurdish-inhabited regions of northern Iraq are relatively peaceful, reconstruction is proceeding there, and the Kurdish leaders now have senior positions in the post-election government. However, there are concerns that the Kurds might use their political strength to serve their own interests at the expense of a unified Iraq. This report may be updated. See also CRS Report RL3133… more
Date: May 5, 2005
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth & Prados, Alfred B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Hong Kong 2005: Changes in Leadership and Issues for Congress

Description: The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) has recently recovered from an economic downturn and the SARS virus outbreak of 2002-2003 which crippled trade and tourism. There has also been a major change in the top government personnel, with the former Chief Executive, Tung Chee-Hwa, being replaced by Donald Tsang as the new Chief Executive of Hong Kong. The next major the issue to be addressed in Hong Kong is the pace of further democratization and the the extent to which the next elect… more
Date: July 15, 2005
Creator: Anderson, Severn
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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