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1990-1999
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Congressional Research Service Reports
- Economic Sanctions to Achieve U.S. Foreign Policy Goals: Discussion and Guide to Current Law
- This report provides background on the range of actions that might be termed foreign policy sanctions and the events that might necessitate their use. Criteria are offered that legislators might consider to judge when sanctions might be appropriate, approaches that might be effective, aspects of the use of sanctions that are sometimes overlooked or not considered fully. The report provides an uncomplicated "map" of where sanctions policies and options currently lay in U. S. law. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs465/
- Economic Sanctions to Achieve U.S. Foreign Policy Goals: Discussion and Guide to Current Law
- This report provides background on foreign policy sanctions and the events that might necessitate their use, criteria to consider when determining if sanctions are appropriate, approaches that might be effective, and aspects of the use of sanctions that are sometimes overlooked or not considered fully. The report also provides an uncomplicated map of where sanctions policies and options currently may be found in U.S. law. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs730/
- Religious Persecution Abroad: Congressional Concerns and Actions
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs572/
- U.S. Policy Toward the China-Taiwan Relationship: Summary of a CRS Workshop
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs204/
- The United States and the Use of Force in the Post-Cold War World: Toward Self-Deterrence?
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs105/
- Lobbying by Foreign Interests: Japan
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs11/
- Russian-Japanese Impasse and Its Implications
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs62/
- Economic Sanctions to Achieve U.S. Foreign Policy Goals: Discussion and Guide to Current Law
- This report provides background on foreign policy sanctions. It addresses the following questions: Why do we apply sanctions? What objectives does the U.S. government seek to achieve when it imposes sanctions? Who imposes sanctions? What tools are available? How likely is it that sanctions will achieve the stated goal? What secondary consequences might sanctions have? What change is required for the sanctions to be lifted? Would multilateral sanctions be more desirable and achievable? The report also provides an uncomplicated map of where sanctions policies and options currently may be found in U.S. law. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6971/
- China's Sinister View of U.S. Policy: Origins, Implications and Options
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs210/
- Kosovo's Future Status: Alternative Models
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs992/
- China, Congress, and Sanctions - Findings of a Workshop-Seminar
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs333/
- Kosovo and U.S. Policy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs757/
- China: Pending Legislation in the 105th Congress
- This report tracks pending human rights legislation, including bills concerning: prison conditions and prison labor exports (H.R. 2195, H.R. 2358); coercive abortion practices (H.R. 2570); China’s policies toward religion (H.R. 967, H.R. 2431); and more general human rights issues (H.R. 2095). Other bills concern Taiwan — in particular, Taiwan’s entry into the World Trade Organization (H.Res. 190) and the U.S. role in helping Taiwan with a theater missile defense system (H.R. 2386). Also, legislation is pending on China’s missile proliferation activities (H.Res. 188), Radio Free Asia broadcasting to China (H.R. 2232), China’s participation in multilateral institutions (H.R. 1712, H.R. 2605), and the activities of China’s military and intelligence services (H.R. 2647, H.R. 2190). digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs760/
- Cuba: Issues for Congress
- This report examines the economic and political situation in Cuba, including the human rights situation, and U.S. policy toward Cuba. The report also analyzes a number of issues facing Congress in U.S. policy toward Cuba, including: the overall direction of U.S. policy; challenges to U.S. policy in the World Trade Organization; restrictions on commercial food and medical exports; restrictions on travel; bilateral drug trafficking cooperation; Cuba and terrorism; funding for U.S.-government sponsored radio and television broadcasting to Cuba; the Russian signals intelligence facility in Cuba; migration issues; and compensation to the families of those Americans killed in 1996 when Cuba shot down two U.S. civilian planes. The report cites legislation that was passed in the 106th Congress, and also tracks legislative action on these various issues in U.S. policy toward Cuba in the 107th Congress. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6358/
- Japanese Officials' View of Relations with the Clinton Administration, May-June 1993
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs65/
- Colombia: The Problem of Illegal Narcotics and U.S. - Colombian Relations
- The United States has long been concerned with Colombia as a major producer and trafficker of the illegal narcotics entering this country: first marijuana, then cocaine, and now also heroin. Colombia's drug trafficking business has been dominated by two cartels during the two decades in which cocaine trafficking became a major activity: first the Medellin cartel, which dominated during the 1980s and then the Cali cartel, which dominated during the early 1990s. With the arrests of the major Cali cartel leaders in the mid-1990s, independent traffickers have filled the void. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs620/
- Japanese Lobbying and U.S. Automobile Policy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs61/
- Korea: Procedural and Jurisdictional Questions Regarding Possible Normalization of Relations with North Korea
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs123/
- Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress in the 1990s
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs126/
- Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress in the 1990s
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs128/
- Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress in the 1990s
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs127/
- Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress in the 1990s
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs125/
- China-U.S. Relations
- This report discusses the background information and most recent development in U.S.-China relations since mid-1996. The relations also have been marred by continuing allegations of Chinese espionage, ongoing controversy over human rights, charges that China continues to violate its non-proliferation commitments, controversy over the accidental NATO bombing of the Chinese Embassy in Belgrade, and renewed tensions over Taiwan. The report describes current issues in U.S.-China relations such as; Human Rights Issues, Issues in U.S.-China Security Relations, Economic Issues, and Sovereignty Issues: Taiwan, Tibet, Hong Kong. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs699/
- Taiwan: Texts of the Taiwan Relations Act, the U.S. - China Communiques, and the "Six Assurances"
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs695/
- Japan-U.S. Relations: Policy Issues for the Clinton Administration and the 103rd Congress
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs63/
- U.S.-Japan Trade: Framework Talks and Other Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs222/
- Japan-U.S. Relations: U.S. Officials' Attitudes on the Eve of the Clinton Administration
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs68/
- Mexican Drug Certification Issues: U.S. Congressional Action, 1986-1998
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs621/
- Japan-U.S. Relations in a Post-Cold War Environment: Emerging Trends and Issues for U.S. Policy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs28/
- U.S.-Japan Trade: Framework Talks and Other Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs221/
- China-U.S. Relations
- This report discusses the background information and most recent development in U.S.-China relations since mid-1996. The relations also have been marred by continuing allegations of Chinese espionage, ongoing controversy over human rights, charges that China continues to violate its non-proliferation commitments, controversy over the accidental NATO bombing of the Chinese Embassy in Belgrade, and renewed tensions over Taiwan. The report describes current issues in U.S.-China relations such as; Human Rights Issues, Issues in U.S.-China Security Relations, Economic Issues, and Sovereignty Issues: Taiwan, Tibet, Hong Kong. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs218/
- India-U.S. Relations
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs216/
- Korea: U.S.-South Korean Issues in the 1990's
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs219/
- China-U.S. Relations
- This report discusses the background information and most recent development in U.S.-China relations since mid-1996. The relations also have been marred by continuing allegations of Chinese espionage, ongoing controversy over human rights, charges that China continues to violate its non-proliferation commitments, controversy over the accidental NATO bombing of the Chinese Embassy in Belgrade, and renewed tensions over Taiwan. The report describes current issues in U.S.-China relations such as; Human Rights Issues, Issues in U.S.-China Security Relations, Economic Issues, and Sovereignty Issues: Taiwan, Tibet, Hong Kong. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs217/
- U.S.-Japan Trade: Framework Talks and Other Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs224/
- U.S.-Japan Trade: Framework Talks and Other Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs220/
- U.S.-Japan Trade: Framework Talks and Other Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs223/
- Jerusalem: Legislation to Move the U.S. Embassy
- Report discussing the legislation proposal to move the U.S. embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs697/
- Jerusalem: The U.S. Embassy and P.L. 104-45
- Report discussing the legislation proposal to move the U.S. embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs993/
- U.S.-Japan Trade: Framework Talks and Other Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs338/
- Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress in the 1990s
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs32/
- Iran: Arms and Technology Acquisitions
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs824/
- Japan's Response to U.S. Trade Pressures: End of an Era?
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs208/
- Taiwan: Texts of the Taiwan Relations Act and the U.S.-China Communiques
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs332/
- Cuba-U.S. Relations: Should the United States Reexamine Its Policy?
- This report first outlines the current U.S. policy approach toward Cuba and then discusses the option of moderating policy and what this strategy might entail. It then examines the arguments in favor of such a policy approach and the arguments opposed to changing U.S. Policy. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26055/
- APEC and the 1997 Summit in Vancouver
- This report discusses the November 25, 1997 summit held by leaders of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) in Vancouver, B.C., Canada. The purpose of the summit was to further pursue the APEC agenda of endorsing a framework developed by APEC leaders' finance ministers to promote financial stability in the Asia-Pacific region and to supplement resources by the International Monetary Fund when necessary. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs451/
- China's Changing Conditions
- Congressional interest in the leadership change and economic transformation underway in China has grown substantially over the past few years. Leading congressional concerns focus on how economic conditions in China pose opportunities for U.S. enterprise and how the evolution of conditions in China fosters U.S. security, economic, and political interests. Congressional concern with China grew in 1995 and 1996 as a result of reports of the serious decline in the health of senior Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping. Present conditions in China include; A vibrant but sometimes overheated economy, A less divided central political leadership. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6359/
- Mexico's Counter-Narcotics Efforts Under Zedillo, December 1994 to March 1998
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs600/
- Iraqi Chemical and Biological Weapons (CBW) Capabilities
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6835/
- China-U.S. Trade Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs122/