Congressional Research Service Reports - 54 Matching Results

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The Equal Rights Amendment: Close to Adoption?

Description: This report discusses the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), which was first presented to the states in 1972 and has been ratified by 37 states, most recently by Illinois in May 2018.
Date: July 2, 2018
Creator: Shimabukuro, Jon O.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Sexual Harassment and Title VII: Selected Legal Issues

Description: This report discusses Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII) and legal interpretations regarding whether it covers sexual harassment in the workplace and if so what types of employer actions are permissible or impermissible under the law.
Date: April 9, 2018
Creator: Back, Christine J. & Freeman, Wilson C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Iran: Politics, Human Rights, and U.S. Policy

Description: This report discusses Iran's political and governmental structure, major elections and political unrest (including the Dec. 2017-Jan 2018 protests), and human rights violations, as well as U.S. policy and relations with Iran.
Date: January 8, 2018
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Charlottesville Car Crash Attack: Possibility of Federal Criminal Prosecution

Description: This report discusses the announcement that the Charlottesville, Virginia car crash attack is being investigated as a federal civil rights case. It also outlines the sections of the federal law under which the attack could be classified.
Date: August 15, 2017
Creator: Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Juneteenth: Fact Sheet

Description: This report describes Juneteenth (also known as Emancipation Day, Juneteenth Independence Day, and Black Independence Day), which celebrates the end of slavery in the United States.
Date: June 9, 2017
Creator: Higgins, Molly
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Fair Housing Act: HUD Oversight, Programs, and Activities

Description: This report discusses the Fair Housing Act from the perspective of the activities undertaken and programs administered by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and its Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity (FHEO). After a brief summary of the Fair Housing Act, this report discusses each of these Fair Housing activities, as well as two other initiatives administered by FHEO, Limited English Proficiency and Section 3, the latter of which provides economic opportunities for … more
Date: May 5, 2017
Creator: Perl, Libby
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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March-In Rights Under the Bayh-Dole Act

Description: This report reviews the availability of march-in rights under the Bayh-Dole Act. It begins by providing a brief overview of the patent system and innovation policy, then introduces the Bayh-Dole Act. The report also reviews specific details of the march-in authority provided to federal agencies, considers past efforts to obtain march-in authorization from NIH, and identifies potential issues for congressional consideration.
Date: August 22, 2016
Creator: Thomas, John R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Sex Discrimination and the United States Supreme Court: Developments in the Law

Description: This report focuses on sex discrimination challenges based on: the equal protection guarantees of the Fourteenth and Fifth Amendments; the prohibition against employment discrimination contained in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964; and the prohibition against sex discrimination in education contained in Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. Although this report focuses on recent legal developments in each of these areas, it also provides historical context by discussing selecte… more
Date: December 30, 2015
Creator: Feder, Jody
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Sex Discrimination and the United States Supreme Court: Developments in the Law

Description: This report focuses on sex discrimination challenges based on: the equal protection guarantees of the Fourteenth and Fifth Amendments; the prohibition against employment discrimination contained in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964; and the prohibition against sex discrimination in education contained in Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972.
Date: December 30, 2015
Creator: Feder, Jody
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Recognition of Same-Sex Marriage: Implications for Religious Objections

Description: The U.S. Supreme Court's highly anticipated decision in Obergefell v. Hodges recognized federal constitutional protection for same-sex marriage. This report will analyze a range of legal issues for which Obergefell has implications.
Date: October 23, 2015
Creator: Brown, Cynthia & Lunder, Erika K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 (GINA)

Description: This report provides background on genetic information, legal implications regarding the use of this information, and relevant laws. It also discusses the statutory provisions of GINA and the regulations regarding both health insurance and employment.
Date: August 6, 2015
Creator: Sarata, Amanda K. & Feder, Jody
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Voting Rights Act of 1965: Background and Overview

Description: This report provides background information on the historical circumstances that led to the adoption of the Voting Rights Act (VRA), a summary of its major provisions, and a brief discussion of the U.S. Supreme Court decision and related legislation in the 113th and 114th Congresses. Two identical bills--H.R. 3899 and S. 1945--were introduced in the 113th Congress that would have amended the VRA to add a new coverage formula, among other provisions.
Date: July 20, 2015
Creator: Coleman, Kevin J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Voting Rights Act of 1965: Background and Overview

Description: This report provides background information on the historical circumstances that led to the adoption of the Voting Rights Act (VRA), a summary of its major provisions, and a brief discussion of the U.S. Supreme Court decision and related legislation in the 113th and 114th Congresses.
Date: April 14, 2015
Creator: Coleman, Kevin J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Voting Rights Act of 1965: Background and Overview

Description: This report provides background information on the historical circumstances that led to the adoption of the VRA, a summary of its major provisions, and a brief discussion of the U.S. Supreme Court decision and related legislation in the 113th and 114th Congresses. Two identical bills--H.R. 3899 and S. 1945--were introduced in the 113th Congress that would have amended the VRA to add a new coverage formula, among other provisions.
Date: March 10, 2015
Creator: Coleman, Kevin J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Overview of Selected Federal Criminal Civil Rights Statutes

Description: Federal criminal civil rights laws impose criminal penalties for deprivation of certain federal rights, privileges, or immunities. These laws prohibit hate crimes based on race, color, religion, or national origin; the burning of places of worship; violence against health care providers; and the transport of persons (particularly women and children) for the purpose of enslavement or forced labor. Some of these laws require a discriminatory motivation while others, such as human trafficking, do … more
Date: December 16, 2014
Creator: Smith, Alison M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Voting Rights Act of 1965: Background and Overview

Description: This report provides background information on the historical circumstances that led to the adoption of the VRA, a summary of its major provisions, and a brief discussion of the U.S. Supreme Court decision and related legislation in the 113th Congress.
Date: July 22, 2014
Creator: Coleman, Kevin J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The Voting Rights Act of 1965: Background and Overview

Description: This report provides background information on the historical circumstances that led to the adoption of the Voting Rights Act (VRA), a summary of its major provisions, and a brief discussion of the U.S. Supreme Court decision and related legislation in the 113th Congress.
Date: July 1, 2014
Creator: Coleman, Kevin J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child

Description: This report provides an overview of the United Nations (U.N.) Convention on the Rights of the Child's (CRC's) background and structure and examines evolving U.S. policy toward the CRC, including past and current Administration positions and congressional perspectives. It also highlights issues for the 112th Congress, including the CRC's possible impact on federal and state laws, U.S. sovereignty, parental rights, and U.S. family planning and abortion policy. In addition, the report addresses th… more
Date: February 6, 2014
Creator: Blanchfield, Luisa
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The National Voter Registration Act of 1993: History, Implementation, and Effects

Description: This report discusses the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. §1973–1973aa-6), which required states to establish voter registration procedures for federal elections so that eligible citizens might apply to register to vote (1) simultaneously while applying for a driver's license, (2) by mail, and (3) at selected state and local offices that serve the public. The law took effect on January 1, 1995, for most states.
Date: September 18, 2013
Creator: Crocker, Royce
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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"Don't Ask, Don't Tell": A Legal Analysis

Description: This report provides a legal analysis of the various constitutional challenges that have been brought against "Don't Ask, Don't Tell (DADT)".
Date: August 6, 2013
Creator: Feder, Jody
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The U.N. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW): Issues in the U.S. Ratification Debate

Description: This report addresses CEDAW's background, objectives, and structure and provides an overview of U.S. policy toward the Convention. It examines issues that have been raised in the U.S. ratification debate, including the treaty's impact on U.S. sovereignty, the effectiveness of the Convention, and its possible use as an instrument of U.S. foreign policy. It also describes controversial provisions and CEDAW Committee recommendations addressing the role of women in society and women's equal access … more
Date: May 7, 2013
Creator: Blanchfield, Luisa
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Discrimination in Employment: A Legal Analysis of the Employment Non-Discrimination Act (ENDA)

Description: This report discusses issues surrounding the proposed Employment Non-Discrimination Act, which would prohibit discrimination based on an individual's actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity by public and private employers in hiring, discharge, compensation, and other terms and conditions of employment.
Date: May 3, 2013
Creator: Feder, Jody & Brougher, Cynthia
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Congressional Redistricting and the Voting Rights Act: A Legal Overview

Description: This report provides a legal overview of two key provisions of the Voting Rights Act (VRA) affecting congressional redistricting — Sections 2 and 5 — and selected accompanying Supreme Court case law. It examines a pending Supreme Court case, Shelby County, Alabama v. Holder, challenging the constitutionality of Section 5. It also provides a summary of selected legislation in the 112th and 113th Congresses that would establish additional requirements and standards for congressional redistricting. more
Date: April 2, 2013
Creator: Whitaker, L. Paige
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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