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Congressional Research Service Reports
- Tobacco Advertising: The Constitutionality of Limiting its Tax Deductibility
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs508/
- Tobacco Marketing and Advertising Restrictions in S. 1648, 105th Congress: First Amendment Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs509/
- Tobacco Marketing and Advertising Restrictions in S. 1415, 105th Congress: First Amendment Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs512/
- The Property Rights Issue
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs181/
- Courts Rulings During 1994 on Constitutional Taking Claims Against the United States
- In 1994, the second session of the 103rd Congress saw the political pressure exerted by property rights bills ascend new heights. Members supporting property rights legislation sought to add such provisions to nearly every major environmental bill. Opponents, including several committee chairmen, therefore declined to move the bills, and gridlock resulted. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs182/
- Property Rights: Comparison of H.R. 9 as Passed and S. 605 as Reported
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs300/
- Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1453/
- Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2241/
- Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2242/
- Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3915/
- Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3916/
- Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3917/
- Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5752/
- Tobacco Advertising: Whether the FDA's Restrictions Violate Freedom of Speech
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs402/
- The Religious Freedom Restoration Act: Its Rise, Fall, and Current Status
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs570/
- "Property Rights" Bills Take a Process Approach: H.R. 992 and H.R. 1534
- In the 105th Congress, the property rights agenda has shifted from "compensation" to "process" bills. While the former would ease the standards for when property owners harmed by government action are compensated, the new approach simply streamlines how federal courts handle such claims. This report examines the three leading process bills -- H.R. 992, House-passed H.R. 1534, and Senate-reported H.R. 1534. The bills embody two process approaches: allowing property owners suing the United States to bring invalidation and compensation claims in the same court, and lowering abstention and ripeness barriers when suing local governments in federal court for property rights violations. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs571/
- Religious Persecution Abroad: Congressional Concerns and Actions
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs572/
- Immigration-Related Provisions of Selected Bills on Religious Persecution
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs573/
- The Law of Church and State: The Proposed Religious Freedom Amendment, H.J. Res. 78
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs574/
- The Religious Freedom Amendment: H.J. Res. 78, As Reported by the House Judiciary Committee
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs575/
- The Property Rights Implementation Act of 1998
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs576/
- Online Privacy Protection: Issues and Developments
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs895/
- Online Privacy Protection: Issues and Developments
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1454/
- The Privacy Act: Emerging Issues and Related Legislation
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2243/
- China's Relations with Central Asian States and Problems with Terrorism
- This report provides an overview of the Muslim separatist movement in China’s northwestern Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region, China’s attempts to stifle activities which it considers terrorism, and implications for U.S. policy. Some analysts suggest that the U.S.-led campaign against terrorism may make it difficult to pressure the Chinese government on human rights and religious freedoms, particularly as they relate to Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1455/
- Treatment of "Battlefield Detainees" in the War on Terrorism
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2245/
- Treatment of "Battlefield Detainees" in the War on Terrorism
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6141/
- Critical Infrastructure Information Disclosure and Homeland Security
- This report discusses the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) that was passed to ensure by statute citizen access to government information. Nine categories of information may be exempted from disclosure. Three of the nine exemptions provide possible protection against the release of critical infrastructure information: exemption 1 (national security information); exemption 3 (information exempted by statute); and exemption 4 (confidential business information). Congress has considered several proposals to exempt critical infrastructure information from the FOIA. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3914/
- Critical Infrastructure Information Disclosure and Homeland Security
- This report discusses the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) that was passed to ensure by statute citizen access to government information. Nine categories of information may be exempted from disclosure. Three of the nine exemptions provide possible protection against the release of critical infrastructure information: exemption 1 (national security information); exemption 3 (information exempted by statute); and exemption 4 (confidential business information). Congress has considered several proposals to exempt critical infrastructure information from the FOIA. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2244/
- Detention of American Citizens as Enemy Combatants
- This report provides background information regarding the cases of two U.S. citizens deemed “enemy combatants,” Yaser Esam Hamdi, who has been returned to Saudi Arabia, and Jose Padilla, who remains in military custody. The report addresses the constitutional and statutory sources that arguably provide authority for the detention of enemy combatants, as well as those that may prevent the exercise of that power with respect to U.S. citizens. The report concludes that historically, even during declared wars, additional statutory authority has been seen as necessary to validate the detention of citizens not members of any armed forces, casting in some doubt the argument that the power to detain is necessarily implied by an authorization to use force. Finally, the report briefly analyzes the Detention of Enemy Combatants Act, H.R. 1029, which would authorize the President to detain U.S. citizens and residents who are determined to be “enemy combatants” in certain circumstances. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3919/
- Detention of American Citizens as Enemy Combatants
- This report provides background information regarding the cases of two U.S. citizens deemed “enemy combatants,” Yaser Esam Hamdi, who has been returned to Saudi Arabia, and Jose Padilla, who remains in military custody. The report addresses the constitutional and statutory sources that arguably provide authority for the detention of enemy combatants, as well as those that may prevent the exercise of that power with respect to U.S. citizens. The report concludes that historically, even during declared wars, additional statutory authority has been seen as necessary to validate the detention of citizens not members of any armed forces, casting in some doubt the argument that the power to detain is necessarily implied by an authorization to use force. Finally, the report briefly analyzes the Detention of Enemy Combatants Act, H.R. 1029, which would authorize the President to detain U.S. citizens and residents who are determined to be “enemy combatants” in certain circumstances. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5753/
- Detention of American Citizens as Enemy Combatants
- This report provides background information regarding the cases of two U.S. citizens deemed “enemy combatants,” Yaser Esam Hamdi, who has been returned to Saudi Arabia, and Jose Padilla, who remains in military custody. A brief introduction to the law of war pertinent to the detention of different categories of individuals is offered, followed by brief analyses of the main legal precedents invoked to support the President’s actions, as well as Ex parte Milligan, which some argue supports the opposite conclusion. The report concludes that historically, even during declared wars, additional statutory authority has been seen as necessary to validate the detention of citizens not members of any armed forces, casting in some doubt the argument that the power to detain persons arrested in a context other than actual hostilities is necessarily implied by an authorization to use force. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6142/
- Detention of American Citizens as Enemy Combatants
- This report provides background information regarding the cases of two U.S. citizens deemed “enemy combatants,” Yaser Esam Hamdi, who has been returned to Saudi Arabia, and Jose Padilla, who remains in military custody. A brief introduction to the law of war pertinent to the detention of different categories of individuals is offered, followed by brief analyses of the main legal precedents invoked to support the President’s actions, as well as Ex parte Milligan, which some argue supports the opposite conclusion. The report concludes that historically, even during declared wars, additional statutory authority has been seen as necessary to validate the detention of citizens not members of any armed forces, casting in some doubt the argument that the power to detain persons arrested in a context other than actual hostilities is necessarily implied by an authorization to use force. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6143/
- Privacy: Total Information Awareness Programs and Related Information Access, Collection, and Protection Laws
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3918/
- Privacy: Total Information Awareness Programs and Related Information Access, Collection, and Protection Laws
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3920/
- Privacy Protection for Customer Financial Information
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1456/
- Freedom of Information Act Amendments: 109th Congress
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6139/
- Privacy Protection for Customer Financial Information
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2246/
- Privacy Protection for Customer Financial Information
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2247/
- Privacy Protection for Customer Financial Information
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2248/
- Privacy Protection for Customer Financial Information
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3921/
- Privacy Protection for Customer Financial Information
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3922/
- Privacy Protection for Customer Financial Information
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3923/
- Privacy Protection for Customer Financial Information
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3924/
- Privacy Protection for Customer Financial Information
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3925/
- Privacy Protection for Customer Financial Information
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3926/
- China and "Falun Gong"
- The “Falun Gong” movement has led to the largest and most protracted public demonstrations in China since the democracy movement of 1989. On April 25, 1999, an estimated 10,000 to 30,000 adherents assembled in front of Zhongnanhai, the Chinese Communist Party leadership compound, and participated in a silent protest against state repression of their activities. On July 21, 1999, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) government, fearful of the spread of social unrest, outlawed the movement and began to arrest Falun Gong protesters. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1457/
- China and "Falun Gong"
- “Falun Gong,” also known as “Falun Dafa,”1 combines an exercise regimen with meditation and moral tenets. The “Falun Gong” movement has led to the largest and most protracted public demonstrations in China since the democracy movement of 1989. On April 25, 1999, an estimated 10,000 to 30,000 adherents assembled in front of Zhongnanhai, the Chinese Communist Party leadership compound, and participated in a silent protest against state repression of their activities. On July 21, 1999, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) government, fearful of the spread of social unrest, outlawed the movement and began to arrest Falun Gong protesters. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2249/
- China and "Falun Gong"
- “Falun Gong,” also known as “Falun Dafa,”1 combines an exercise regimen with meditation and moral tenets. The “Falun Gong” movement has led to the largest and most protracted public demonstrations in China since the democracy movement of 1989. On April 25, 1999, an estimated 10,000 to 30,000 adherents assembled in front of Zhongnanhai, the Chinese Communist Party leadership compound, and participated in a silent protest against state repression of their activities. On July 21, 1999, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) government, fearful of the spread of social unrest, outlawed the movement and began to arrest Falun Gong protesters. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2250/
- China and "Falun Gong"
- “Falun Gong,” also known as “Falun Dafa,”1 combines an exercise regimen with meditation and moral tenets. The “Falun Gong” movement has led to the largest and most protracted public demonstrations in China since the democracy movement of 1989. On April 25, 1999, an estimated 10,000 to 30,000 adherents assembled in front of Zhongnanhai, the Chinese Communist Party leadership compound, and participated in a silent protest against state repression of their activities. On July 21, 1999, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) government, fearful of the spread of social unrest, outlawed the movement and began to arrest Falun Gong protesters. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3927/