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Congressional Research Service Reports
- Commerical Television Broadcasting: An Economic Analysis of Its Structure and Competitive Alternatives
- This report analyzes the economic structure of both the conventional commercial television broadcasting industry as well as the significant commercial competitive alternatives. Federal Communications Commission policies and their effect on the competitive structure and development of the television industry are also discussed. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8145/
- Corporate Mergers Through Tender Offers: Measurement and Public Policy Considerations
- This report provides a perspective on the role of tender offers in corporate mergers and acquisitions and on the nature of financing used to carry them out. Analyzing SEC data on corporate takeovers, it classifies by industry those firms for which tender offers were made in 1979 and 1980 and examines the sources of funds used in these acquisition bids. Comparing SEC data with information compiled by FTC and others, it assesses the importance of tender offers in overall merger and acquisition activity. The report focuses mainly on domestic mergers, but foreign takeovers of U.S. companies also are discussed. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8398/
- Mergers: Background and Current Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8592/
- Merger Tactics and Public Policy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8497/
- Automobile Domestic Content Requirements
- In response to the lowest drop of American produced automobile sales in two decades and other related conditions, legislation has been introduced that would impose domestic (local) content ratios for automotive vehicles. These would require that cars and trucks sold in the United States in large quantities contain a certain percentage of American parts and labor. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8793/
- The Sensitivity of Small Businesses to Interest Rates: A Cross-Sectional View
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8498/
- Bankruptcy and Business Failure Data
- The purpose of this report is to provide statistical data on the actual number of businesses that are filing for bankruptcy or ceasing operations. Tabular data of both a historical and current nature concerning business failures and bankruptcies is provided. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9037/
- Status of the Justice Department/American Telephone and Telegraph Company Antitrust Settlement: A Brief Overview
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8591/
- Health Insurance: The Pro-Competition Proposals
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8608/
- Small Business and the 97th Congress
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8590/
- The General Motors-Toyota Joint Venture and Its Competitive Implications
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8811/
- The Divestiture of American Telephone and Telegraph Company: The Impact on Shareholders
- This report analyzes the impact which the divestiture of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) will have on the 3.2 million holders of AT&T stock. The method of distribution and the listing and trading mechanics of the shares as well as dividend and tax information are discussed. A brief analysis of initial stock performance based on the first two weeks of trading concludes the analysis. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8804/
- Energy Efficiency Standards for Appliances: Are They Needed?
- The Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA! (P.L. 94-163), as amended by the National Energy Conservation Policy Act (NEPCA) (P.L. 95-619) , requires that energy efficiency standards be established for each of 13 classes of appliances that are major consumers of energy. NEPCA stipulates that such standards "be designed to achieve the maximum improvement in energy efficiency which the Secretary [of Energ'y] determines is technologically feasible and economically justified." The Department of Energy ' announced proposed standards for 8 of the 13 classes of appliances in June 1980 and initiated public hearings on them prior to final promulgation. In January 1981, the DOE suspended this process; after re-studying the proposed standards, it announced in April 1982 a finding that no standards are economically justified. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9036/
- Solar Energy: The Federal Program and Congressional Interest
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9188/
- The American Telephone and Telegraph Divestiture: Background, Provisions, and Restructuring
- On January 1, 1984, The American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) divested itself of a major portion of its organizational structure and functions. Under the post-divestiture environment the once fully-integrated Bell System is now reorganized into the "new" AT&T and seven Ladependent regional holding companies -- American Information Technologies Corp., 3ell Atlantic Corp., 3ell- South Corp., NYNEX Corp., Pacific Telesis Group., Southwestern Bell Corp., and U.S. West, Inc. The following analysis provides an overview of the pre- and post-divestiture organizational structure and details the evolution of the antitrust action which resulted in this divestiture. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9238/
- Space Policy and Funding: Military Uses of Space
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9190/
- Three Utility Financing Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9574/
- Three Utility Financing Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9573/
- AT and T Divestiture: Restructuring the U.S. Domestic Telephone Industry
- On January 8, 1982, the Justice Department and the American Telephone and Telegraph Company announced the settlement of the Government's seven year old antitrust suit against AT&T. Nineteen months later, in August 1983, U.S. District Court Judge Harold Greene gave final approval to the AT& T divestiture agreement. The breakup of AT&T will affect every aspect of the U.S. domestic telephone industry from the yellow pages to the manufacture of telephones. AT&T officially spun off its 22 local operating companies into seven regional phone companies on January 1, 1984. This Info Pack focuses on the Department of Justice settlement with AT&T and how the resulting divestiture will affect the U.S. domestic telephone industry. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9039/
- U.S. Sales of New Domestic and Imported Automobiles from 1977 through 1984, With U.S. Market Shares of Countries of Origin
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9578/
- U.S. Sales of New Domestic and Imported Automobiles from 1977 through 1984, With U.S. Market Shares of Countries of Origin
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9584/
- U.S. Defense Procurement Reform: Major Congressional Initiatives
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9577/
- U.S. Defense Procurement Reform: Major Congressional Initiatives
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9583/
- Budget Deficits: Causes, Effects and Some Remedial Options
- In 1981 Congress enacted extensive changes in taxing and spending policies that supporters of these changes expected to generate sufficient revenues, despite a series of tax rate cuts, to balance the budget by FY84. After the onset of recession in early 1982, however, the Reagan Administration's projections showed widening budget deficits, which culminated in an actual FY83 deficit of $195.4 billion. Despite enactment of the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982, and, more recently, the Deficit Reduction Act of 1984, large deficits are expected to persist, even under continued favorable economic conditions, unless Federal taxing and spending policies are altered dramatically. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9054/
- Conrail: Sell to Norfolk Southern Corporation or Sell to a Group of Investors?
- This issue brief discusses that possible forthcoming sale of a large, federally-owned railroad to the holding company of one of the Nation's largest railroads, or sale to a group of investors for later sale to the public through a stock offering. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9056/
- Advertising of Alcoholic Beverages: Should a Radio and TV Ban be Imposed?
- This issue brief discusses the ongoing debate centered around television and radio advertising of alcoholic beverages, especially as it relates to the possible negative influence on the drinking habits of minors. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9049/
- Telephone Industry Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9246/
- Telephone Industry Residential Subscriber Line Charges and the Lifeline Option
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9244/
- The Liability Insurance Controversy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9598/
- The Liability Insurance Controversy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9588/
- Persian Gulf Oil Trade: Numbers and Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8424/
- The Liability Insurance Crisis
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9599/
- The Liability Insurance Crisis
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9589/
- Glass-Steagall Act: Commercial vs. Investment Banking
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9065/
- Space Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9198/
- The Labor Market of the 1980s: Unemployment Omens in a Growing Economy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9607/
- The Labor Market of the 1980s: Unemployment Omens in a Growing Economy
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9616/
- Mandated Employer Provided Health Insurance
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8517/
- Japan: Resale Price Maintenance
- Resale price maintenance occurs when manufacturers control the prices charged by wholesalers or retailers of their products. In Japan, such activities are prohibited, although certain exemptions are allowed. The U.S. concern over the practice is that it could allow Japanese firms to generate a secure profit base in their home market in order to finance aggressive price competition abroad. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6/
- Japanese Companies and Technology: Lessons to Learn?
- American companies are facing increased competitive pressures from foreign firms. Many observers feel that U.S. firms lag behind their foreign competitors in the development, application, and marketing of new technologies and techniques. The Japanese industrial enterprise is characterized by a large proportion of private sector financing and many other factors, which this report analyzes at length. The question being debated by Congress is whether or not U.S. government programs and policies are an acceptable and effective means of supporting the efforts of American industries to operate in a manner consistent with success in world markets. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7/
- Japanese and U.S. Industrial Associations: Their Roles in High-Technology Policymaking
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs18/
- Plant Closings, Mass Layoffs, and Worker Dislocations: Data Issues
- For at least 15 years Members of Congress have continued to ask: How many U.S. manufacturing plants have closed? For at least 15 years they have continued to ask: How many U.S. manufacturing plants have relocated abroad, and where have they gone? For at least 15 years the answer has been: For the most part, those questions can't be answered, based on Government data. How many plants are moving to Mexico? What industries and what States are the plants from? How many U.S. workers are losing their jobs as a result? It appears that still, after two legislative attempts to mandate collection of these data, the Government publishes no counts of U.S. plant closings, and almost no information on plant relocations. Options for strengthening the data systems include addressing three main weaknesses: inadequate data program design, a plant closing definition that misses its mark, and publication of partial instead of complete survey results. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26029/
- Japan-U.S. Trade: The Construction Services Issue
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs49/
- Cigarette Taxes to Fund Health Care Reform: An Economic Analysis
- A cigarette excise tax increase of 75 cents per pack has been proposed to finance part of the President's universal health care program. The tax enjoys considerable public support, would raise about $11 billion per year, and would be relatively simple to administer because it would increase an existing manufacturer's excise tax. This report discusses these rationales, as well as other effects of and concerns about the tax, organized into topics of market failure as a justification for the tax (i.e., economic efficiency); potential for revenue; equity; and the job loss the tax might cause in tobacco growing regions. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26039/
- Competitiveness: Economic Issue or Illusion?
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs98/
- General Overview of United States Antitrust Law
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs180/
- Japan-U.S. Automobile and Parts Trade Dispute
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs267/
- The 1995 Japan-U.S. Auto and Parts Trade Dispute: Terms of the Settlement and Implications
- On June 28, 1995, the United States and Japan reached a settlement in a long-running dispute over access to Japan's market for automobiles and parts. 100-percent tariffs by the United States on imports of luxury cars from Japan had been threatened under a Section 301 unfair trade practices case dealing with the aftermarket for autoparts in Japan. This report describes the dispute, the settlement, and questions and issues that still remain. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs268/
- Softwood Lumber Imports: The 1996 U.S.-Canada Agreement
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6357/
- The Federal Helium Program: The Reaction Over an Inert Gas
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs343/