Congressional Research Service Reports - 1,190 Matching Results

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Pass-Throughs, Corporations, and Small Businesses, A Look at Firm Size

Description: This report discusses the definition of small businesses and what types of companies they are (corporatiom, pass-through, sole proprietorship etc.) along with information on the relation between firm size and company type.
Date: March 15, 2018
Creator: Keightley, Mark P. & Hughes, Joseph S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Small Business Tax Relief: Proposals in the 108th Congress and Their Economic Justification

Description: This report examines the economic arguments for and against small business tax subsidies in the context of current congressional proposals to expand them. It begins with a brief description of current federal tax subsidies for small firms, moves on to consider the principal economic arguments for and against these subsidies, and concludes with a discussion of proposals in the 108th Congress to expand small business tax subsidies and their likely economic effects.
Date: May 9, 2003
Creator: Guenther, Gary
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Net Operating Losses: Proposed Extension of Carryback Period

Description: This report explains the current law regarding the tax treatment of net operating losses (NOLs). In addition, this report highlights a number of policy considerations relating to the extension of the NOL carryback period.
Date: November 13, 2009
Creator: Keightley, Mark P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Selected Small Business Statistics

Description: This report gathers selected statistics on the role of small businesses in the national economy that Congress has frequently asked the Congressional Research Service (CRS) to provide. Most of the statistics are calculated by CRS from Census data. The report uses the widely accepted research definition that a small business has fewer than 500 employees.
Date: July 3, 2007
Creator: Weiss, N. E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Small Business Administration and Job Creation

Description: The Small Business Administration (SBA) administers several programs to support small businesses, including loan guaranty programs, disaster loan programs, management and technical assistance training programs, and federal contracting programs. Congressional interest in these programs has increased in recent years, primarily because they are viewed as a means to stimulate economic activity, create jobs, and assist in the national economic recovery. This report examines the economic research on … more
Date: January 29, 2015
Creator: Dilger, Robert J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The European Union's Small Business Act: A Different Approach

Description: This report provides information and analysis useful to Congress as it crafts small business policy for the United States. The Small Business Act for Europe (2008) is not an act, per se, as understood in the United States.
Date: September 1, 2016
Creator: Dilger, Robert Jay
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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SBA Office of the National Ombudsman: Overview, History, and Current Issues

Description: This report examines the Office of the National Ombudsman's origin and history; describes its organizational structure, funding, functions, and current activities; and discusses a recent legislative effort to enhance its authority. S. 1146, the Small Business Regulatory Relief Act of 2017. This report also discusses some challenges facing the Office of the National Ombudsman.
Date: January 19, 2018
Creator: Dilger, Robert Jay
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act, H.R. 1036 and S. 659, 108th Congress: Legal Analysis

Description: This report examines H.R. 1036, 108th Congress, as ordered to be reported by the House Committee on the Judiciary on April 3, 2003, and passed by the House without amendment on April 9, 2003. H.R. 1036, titled the “Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act,” would prohibit lawsuits, except in specified circumstances, against a manufacturer or seller of a firearm or ammunition, or a trade association, for damages resulting from the criminal or unlawful misuse of a firearm or ammunition.
Date: March 1, 2004
Creator: Cohen, Henry
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Small Business Administration and Job Creation

Description: The Small Business Administration (SBA) administers several programs to support small businesses, including loan guaranty programs; disaster loan programs; management and technical assistance training programs; and federal contracting programs. Congressional interest in these programs has increased in recent years, primarily because they are viewed as a means to stimulate economic activity, create jobs, and assist in the national economic recovery. This report examines the economic research on … more
Date: January 30, 2013
Creator: Dilger, Robert J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Stealing Trade Secrets and Economic Espionage: An Overview of the Economic Espionage Act

Description: This report discusses the theft of trade secrets, which is considered a federal crime when the information relates to a product in interstate or foreign commerce. Offenders face lengthy prison terms as well as heavy fines, and they must pay restitution.
Date: August 19, 2016
Creator: Doyle, Charles
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Small Business Provisions in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009

Description: This report provides an overview of key provisions related to the Small Business Administration (SBA), based on appropriations in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA, P.L. 111-5).
Date: February 25, 2009
Creator: Weiss, N. E. & Gonzales, Oscar R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Role of Trade Secrets in Innovation Policy

Description: This report provides an overview of the law and policy of trade secrets. It discusses the role of trade secrets in six sections: Trade Secrets and Innovation Policy, An Overview of Trade Secret Law (Basic Principles, and Sources of Law), The Economic Espionage Act, Trade Secrets and Patents (Introduction to the Patent System, Trade Secrets and Patents Compared, and The Prior Commercial User Defense), Congressional Issues and Options, and Concluding Observations.
Date: January 15, 2014
Creator: Thomas, John R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The 2007-2009 Recession: Similarities to and Differences from the Past

Description: According to the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), the U.S. economy was in a recession for 18 months from December 2007 to June 2009. It was the longest and deepest recession of the post-World War II era. This report provides information on the patterns found across past recessions since World War II to gauge whether and how this recession might be different.
Date: October 6, 2010
Creator: Labonte, Marc
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Job Creation in the Manufacturing Revival

Description: This report looks at recent growth in the U.S. manufacturing sector, which has occurred not only as a result of the country's recovery from recession but also because a change in the nature of manufacturing work.
Date: June 20, 2012
Creator: Levinson, Marc
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Job Creation in the Manufacturing Revival

Description: This report examines the current status of the manufacturing sector in the U.S., which is a subject of ongoing interest in Congress. After rebounding from the 2007-09 recession, U.S. manufacturing output has grown little since the second half of 2014. Over the same period, employment in the U.S. manufacturing sector has been flat. These trends defy expectations that forces such as higher labor costs in the emerging economies of Asia, heightened concern about the risk of disruptions to long, com… more
Date: June 28, 2016
Creator: Levinson, Marc
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Small Business Lending Fund

Description: This report discusses the Small Business Lending Fund (SBLF). The report concludes with an examination of the program's implementation and a discussion of bills introduced during recent Congresses to amend the SBLF.
Date: January 29, 2018
Creator: Dilger, Robert Jay
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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What Causes a Recession?

Description: This report discusses causes of recessions and provides data on the length of time economic expansions of the past have lasted.
Date: February 2, 2018
Creator: Labonte, Marc
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The U.S. Motor Vehicle Industry: Confronting a New Dynamic in the Global Economy

Description: This report provides an in-depth analysis of the 2009 crisis in the U.S. auto industry and its prospects for regaining domestic and global competitiveness. It also analyzes business and policy issues arising from the unprecedented restructurings that occurred within the industry. The starting point for this analysis is June-July 2009, with General Motors Company (GM or new GM) and Chrysler Group LLC (or new Chrysler) incorporated as new companies, having selectively acquired many, but not all, … more
Date: March 26, 2010
Creator: Canis, Bill & Yacobucci, Brent D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Franchise System of Distribution

Description: This report discusses the franchising system of distribution and its growing popularity among small business owners. Legal challenges to franchising under anti-trust laws are also discussed.
Date: September 3, 1965
Creator: Knight, Edward
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Federal Contracting and Subcontracting with Small Businesses: Issues in the 112th Congress

Description: Congress has generally broad authority to impose requirements upon the federal procurement process, or the process whereby agencies obtain goods and services from the private sector. One of the many ways in which Congress has exercised this authority is by enacting measures intended to promote contracting and subcontracting with "small businesses" by federal agencies. This report describes and analyzes measures that Members of the 112th Congress have enacted or proposed in response to particula… more
Date: March 7, 2012
Creator: Manuel, Kate M. & Lunder, Erika K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Small Business Innovation Research Program

Description: In 1982, the Small Business Innovation Development Act (P.L. 97-219) established small business innovation research (SBIR) programs within the major federal research and development (R&D) agencies. The intent of the effort was to increase government funding of small, high technology companies for the performance of R&D with commercial potential. Each federal department with an R&D budget of $100 million or more is required to set aside part of this amount to finance the SBIR activity. From its … more
Date: September 27, 1999
Creator: Schacht, Wendy H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Role of Trade Secrets in Innovation Policy

Description: This report provides an overview of the law and policy of trade secrets. It discusses the role of trade secrets in U.S. innovation policy. It then reviews the sources of trade secret law and the substantive rules that they provide. The report then provides a more detailed review of existing federal legislation that pertains to trade secrets. In its next section, the report then discusses the relationship between patent law and trade secret law. The report closes with an identification of congre… more
Date: August 31, 2010
Creator: Thomas, John R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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