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Emergency Spending: Statutory and Congressional Rules

Description: Under the Budget Enforcement Act (BEA), there are statutory limits (caps) on the level of federal discretionary spending, enforced by across-the-board spending cuts, known as a sequester. If, however, spending is designated as emergency by both the President and Congress, it will not trigger a sequester, because the caps are adjusted automatically by an amount equal to the emergency spending. Since the BEA was first enacted in 1990, both the House and Senate have supplemented its provisions wit… more
Date: October 3, 2001
Creator: Saturno, James V.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Farm Commodity Programs: A Short Primer

Description: This report briefly discusses programs designed to provide income support, price support, and/or supply management for approximately 20 specified agricultural commodities. USDA farm support programs represent the heart of U.S. farm policy, by virtue of their longevity – they have existed since the early 1930s – and their cost.
Date: September 14, 2001
Creator: Becker, Geoffrey S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Initial Federal Budget Response to the 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor

Description: This report discusses initial federal budget response to attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, which occurred as the federal government was half way through FY1942.
Date: September 13, 2001
Creator: Keith, Robert
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Elementary and Secondary Education: Accountability and Flexibility in Federal Aid Proposals

Description: The 107th Congress is considering proposals to amend the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA). Much of the debate over these proposals has been focused on issues related to state and local accountability for, and flexibility in the use of, federal aid funds. Current federal elementary and secondary education assistance programs have a broad range of accountability requirements, including: targeting of resources on specific “high need” pupil groups, localities, or schools; limitations o… more
Date: September 6, 2001
Creator: Riddle, Wayne C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Congressional Budget Resolutions: Motions to Instruct Conferees

Description: Both the House and the Senate have procedures whereby the full bodies may issue instructions to conferees on budget resolutions, usually in the form of a motion. The practices of the House and Senate regarding such motions differ markedly in key respects. First, the House resorts to such motions regularly (having considered 10 such motions in the past 12 years), while the Senate seldom uses them. Second, the House has considered only one motion per budget resolution, while the Senate considered… more
Date: August 15, 2001
Creator: Keith, Robert
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Suspension of Budget Enforcement Procedures During Hostilities Abroad

Description: Federal budget policies are enforced by two major statutes—the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985. The first act establishes the congressional budget process, involving the annual adoption of a budget resolution; the second act establishes discretionary spending limits and a “pay-as-you-go” (PAYGO) requirement, enforced by sequestration.
Date: July 27, 2001
Creator: Keith, Robert
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Funding School Renovation: Qualified Zone Academy Bonds vs. Traditional Tax-Exempt Bonds

Description: Congressional Research Service (CRS) report entailing information about Qualified Zone Academy Bonds vs. traditional tax-exempt bonds in regards to funding school renovations. The report goes over the side effects of the $1.6 billion Qualified Zone Academy Bond (QZAB), like revenue loss. Tables begin on page 4, and the report ends with a summary concluding that the QZAB program is more beneficial to tax payers and borrowers than traditional tax-exempt municipal bonds.
Date: July 25, 2001
Creator: Maguire, Steven
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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ESEA Reauthorization Proposals: Comparison of Major Features of the House and Senate Versions of H.R. 1

Description: The authorizations of appropriations for most programs of federal aid to elementary and secondary (grades K-12) education, under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), expired at the end of FY2000. While the 106th Congress extensively considered several bills which would have reauthorized and amended most of these programs, only legislation extending the Impact Aid (ESEA Title VIII) and Even Start Family Literacy (ESEA Title I, Part B) programs was enacted. Selected other programs, … more
Date: July 6, 2001
Creator: Riddle, Wayne C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Bilingual Education: An Overview

Description: The U.S. Department of Education(ED) administers the Bilingual Education Act (BEA), the federal education program specifically intended for limited English proficient (LEP) children. The Congress considered several proposals to reauthorize the BEA in the 106th Congress. The 107th Congress has again been considering legislation to reauthorize the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), including the BEA. H.R. 1, the “No Child Left Behind Act of 2001” was passed by the House on May 23, 200… more
Date: June 7, 2001
Creator: Osorio-O'Dea, Patricia
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Defense Budget for FY2002: An Overview of Bush Administration Plans and Key Issues for Congress

Description: Details of Bush Administration plans for the defense budget have been on hold for several months as senior officials have undertaken a reassessment of defense policy known as the “National Defense Review.” The initial Bush budget outline, A Blueprint for New Beginnings, released on February 28, and the Administration’s official FY2002 budget request, released on April 9, include $325 billion in new budget authority for national defense in FY2002, but that total remains subject to change as the … more
Date: May 22, 2001
Creator: Daggett, Stephen
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Consideration of the Budget Resolution

Description: Consideration of a concurrent budget resolution is governed by special procedures in the House and Senate. Although the procedures of each chamber differ, they serve generally to expedite consideration of the budget resolution.
Date: May 5, 2001
Creator: Heniff, Bill, Jr.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Appropriations for FY2001: Legislative Branch

Description: Appropriations are one part of a complex federal budget process that includes budget resolutions, appropriations (regular, supplemental, and continuing) bills, rescissions, and budget reconciliation bills. This report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress passes each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House and Senate Appropriations Subcommittees on Legislative Branch Appropriations.
Date: April 20, 2001
Creator: Dwyer, Paul E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Budget for Fiscal Year 2001

Description: On December 15, 2000, Congress reached an agreement with the President and passed the remaining appropriations (H.R. 4577; H.Rept. 106-1033) for fiscal year (FY) 2001. The legislation, including tax cuts ($31.5 billion over 10 years), completes budget action in the 106th Congress for FY2001. The action followed extended disagreements over appropriations, which resulted in a series of continuing resolutions on appropriations that funded those parts of the government not covered by regular approp… more
Date: April 19, 2001
Creator: Winters, Philip D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Grants Information for Constituents

Description: No Description Available.
Date: April 16, 2001
Creator: Gerli, Merete F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Foreign Policy Budget for FY2002

Description: No Description Available.
Date: April 12, 2001
Creator: Epstein, Susan B. & Nowels, Larry
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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What if the National Debt Were Eliminated? Some Economic Consequences

Description: As the budget has moved from a position of large deficits to large surpluses, then back to deficit again, a debate has emerged about the desirability of retiring the national debt. Although the national debt would not be retired under current baseline forecasts, it remains an important element of the budget surplus debate. By the end of the baseline window, the national debt is forecast to reach its lowest level in the post-war period as a percentage of GDP despite the dramatic deterioration in… more
Date: April 12, 2001
Creator: Labonte, Marc
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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