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Congressional Research Service Reports
Clean Air Permitting: Status of Implementation and Issues
Date: March 20, 2008
Creator: Copeland, Claudia
Description: This report describes the statutory background of the Title V program and the status of implementation, in terms of federal approval of state and local permitting authorities and permit issuance. It also discusses broad policy issues identified by various stakeholders, including program complexity and costs, and inconsistencies due to a lack of sufficient federal guidance.
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Permallink:digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc94071/
Global Environment Facility (GEF): Overview
Date: March 5, 2008
Creator: Fletcher, Susan R.
Description: The report provides an overview regarding the establishment and the role of Global Environment Facility (GEF).
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Permallink:digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc94198/
The Global Climate Change Initiative (GCCI): Budget Authority and Request, FY2010-FY2013
Date: March 15, 2012
Creator: Lattanzio, Richard K.
Description: The United States supports international financial assistance for global climate change initiatives in developing countries. The Global Climate Change Initiative (GCCI) aims to integrate climate change considerations into U.S. foreign assistance through a full range of bilateral, multilateral, and private sector mechanisms to foster low-carbon growth, promote sustainable and climate-resilient societies, and reduce emissions from deforestation and land degradation. The GCCI is implemented through programs at three "core" agencies—the Department of State, the Department of the Treasury, and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)—and is funded through the Administration's Executive Budget, Function 150 account, for State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs. As Congress considers potential authorizations and/or appropriations for activities administered through the GCCI, it may have questions concerning U.S. agency initiatives and current bilateral and multilateral programs that address global climate change.
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Permallink:digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc86583/
Federal Agency Actions Following the Supreme Court's Climate Change Decision: A Chronology
Date: February 2, 2011
Creator: Meltz, Robert
Description: This report presents a chronology of major federal agency actions, mainly by the Environmental Protection Agencey (EPA), in the wake of Massachusetts v. EPA. In this case, the Court held that greenhouse gases (GHGs), widely viewed as contributing to climate change, constitute “air pollutants” as that phrase is used in the Clean Air Act (CAA). As a result, said the Court, the U.S. EPA had improperly denied a petition seeking CAA regulation of GHGs from new motor vehicles by saying the agency lacked authority over such emissions.
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Permallink:digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103082/
Federal Pollution Control Laws: How Are They Enforced?
Date: August 21, 2008
Creator: Esworthy, Robert
Description: This report provides an overview of the statutory framework, key players, infrastructure, resources, tools, and operations associated with enforcement and compliance of the major pollution control laws and regulations administered by EPA. It also outlines the roles of federal (including regional offices) and state regulators, as well as the regulated community.
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Permallink:digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc96804/
2006 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5): Designating Nonattainment Areas
Date: October 25, 2012
Creator: Esworthy, Robert
Description: This report focuses primarily on the NAAQS implementation process for designating geographical nonattainment areas with respect to the tightening of the PM2.5 standards under the 2006 particulates NAAQS, including comparisons with the final designations under the 1997 PM2.5 NAAQS. Also included is a brief overview of states' subsequent obligations for developing and submitting implementation plans (SIPs) for attaining or maintaining compliance with the NAAQS.
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Permallink:digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc122190/
Air Quality: EPA's 2012 Proposed Changes to the Particulate Matter (PM) Standard
Date: September 5, 2012
Creator: Esworthy, Robert
Description: This report summarizes the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) June 2012 proposed changes to the particulate matter (PM) National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) and includes comparisons with previous (1997) and current (2006) promulgated and proposed standards. Key actions leading up to the June 2012 proposal, and potential issues and concerns associated with the proposal to strengthen the PM2.5 annual standard, are also highlighted.
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Permallink:digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc122239/
Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS)
Date: June 10, 2008
Creator: Folger, Peter
Description: This report discusses carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), but not other types of carbon sequestration activities whereby CO2 is removed from the atmosphere and stored in vegetation, soils, or oceans.
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Permallink:digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc94086/
Greenhouse Gas Reduction: Cap-and-Trade Bills in the 110th Congress
Date: June 27, 2008
Creator: Parker, Larry
Description: This report discusses the Cap-and-Trade Bills in the 110th Congress which are meant to advance market-based greenhouse gas reduction programs, similar to the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. The report presents a side-by-side comparison of the major provision in each of the bills and includes a glossary of common terms.
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Permallink:digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc94094/
Cars, Trucks, and Climate: EPA Regulation of Greenhouse Gases from Mobile Sources
Date: November 2, 2010
Creator: McCarthy, James E.
Description: As Congress and the Administration considered new legislation to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that contribute to climate change over the last year and a half (a process that has now stalled), the Environmental Protection Agency simultaneously began to exercise its existing authority under the Clean Air Act to set standards for GHG emissions. The Administration has made clear that its preference would be for Congress to address the climate issue through new legislation. Nevertheless, it is moving forward on several fronts to define how the Clean Air Act will be used and to promulgate regulations. This report covers the steps that the Administration is taking on this topic.
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Permallink:digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc93816/