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Congressional Research Service Reports
- Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC): A Fact Sheet
- The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) is a federal government agency established in 1974 by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA; P.L. 93-406). It was created to protect the pensions of participants and beneficiaries covered by private sector, defined benefit (DB) plans. The PBGC is chaired by the Secretary of Labor, with the Secretaries of the Treasury and Commerce serving as board members. In the 112th Congress, an amendment offered by Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid to S. 1813, Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century (MAP-21), contains provisions that would address the use of excess defined benefit pension plan assets and the interest rates that defined benefit plans use to value plan liabilities. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc85364/
- Benefits for the Aged and the Federal Budget: Short- and Long-Term Projections
- As the 108th Congress addresses short-term budget decisions, it may also want to consider the long-run impacts of those decisions and the major shifts in budget composition that are underway. Congress may be pressed to add new benefits in response to population aging, such as improved support for long-term care and broader Medicare drug coverage. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7483/
- Overview of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5727/
- Converting Retirement Savings into Income: Annuities and Periodic Withdrawals
- To a worker contemplating retirement, there is perhaps no more important question than "How long will my money last?" Congress has a strong interest in the income security of older Americans because much of their income is either provided directly from public programs like Social Security, or in the case of pensions and retirement accounts, is subsidized through tax deductions and deferrals. This report looks at strategies to help deal with the following risks: longevity, investment, inflation, and unexpected events. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc83896/
- Housing for the Elderly: Legislation in the 106th Congress
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs995/
- Older Workers: Employment and Retirement Trends
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1361/
- Medicare's Skilled Nursing Facility Benefit
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1366/
- Trends in Medicare Spending: Fact Sheet
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1052/
- Medicare Beneficiary Access to Care: The Effects of New Prospective Payment Systems on Outpatient Hospital Care, Home Health Care, and Skilled Nursing Facility Care
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1047/
- H.R. 6500, The Thrift Savings Plan Enhancement Act of 2008
- This report describes the various aspects of the Thrift Savings Plan Enhancement Act of 2008. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10781/
- Major Provisions of the Medicare Modernization and Prescription Drug Act of 2002, H.R. 4954, as Passed by the House
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2081/
- Older Workers: Employment and Retirement Trends
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7098/
- Medicare: Financing the Part A Hospital Insurance Program
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs501/
- Medicare Expansion: President Clinton's Proposals to Allow Coverage Before Age 65
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs502/
- Older Workers: Employment and Retirement Trends
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7258/
- Converting Retirement Savings into Income: Annuities and Periodic Withdrawals
- To a worker contemplating retirement, there is perhaps no more important question than "How long will my money last?" Congress has a strong interest in the income security of older Americans because much of their income is either provided directly from public programs like Social Security, or in the case of pensions and retirement accounts, is subsidized through tax deductions and deferrals. This report discusses risks involved with retirement fund disbursement and strategies for dealing with such risks. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc83870/
- 401(k) Plans and Retirement Savings: Issues for Congress
- Over the past 25 years, defined contribution (DC) plans - including 401(k) plans - have become the most prevalent form of employer-sponsored retirement plan in the United States. This report describes seven major policy issues with respect to defined contribution plans: 1) access to employer-sponsored retirement plans; 2) participation in employer-sponsored plans; 3) contribution rates; 4) investment choices; 5) fee disclosure; 6) leakage from retirement savings; and 7) converting retirement savings into income. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26189/
- Older Americans Act: Disaster Assistance for Older Persons After Hurricane Katrina
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7647/
- Medicaid: Eligibility for the Aged and Disabled
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7023/
- Older Americans Act Nutrition Program
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9201/
- Regulating Private Pensions: A Brief Summary of ERISA
- This report briefly discusses the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), and how it protects the interests of participants and beneficiaries in private-sector employee benefit plans. ERISA covers a number of fringe benefits provided by employers, but most of its provisions deal with pension plans. Pension plans sponsored by the federal, state, and local governments, or by churches generally are exempt from ERISA. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc29496/
- Beneficiary Information and Decision Supports for the Medicare-Endorsed Prescription Drug Discount Card
- On December 8, 2003 the President signed into law the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA, P.L. 108-173). This legislation establishes a Medicare prescription drug benefit, effective January 1, 2006. In the interim, the legislation requires the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to establish a temporary program of Medicare-endorsed prescription drug discount cards. This report discusses the objectives and benefits of this legislation. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6351/
- Medicare: Prescription Drug Proposals
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1048/
- Military Technicians: The Issue of Mandatory Retirement for Non-Dual-Status Technicians
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1049/
- Medicaid, SCHIP, and Other Health Provisions in H.R. 5661: Medicare, Medicaid, and SCHIP Benefits Improvement and Protection Act of 2000
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1362/
- Medicare Provisions in the Medicare, Medicaid, and SCHIP Benefits Improvement and Protection Act of 2000 (BIPA, P.L. 106-554)
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1363/
- Social Security and Medicare "Lock Boxes"
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1932/
- Social Security and Medicare "Lock Boxes"
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1930/
- Pharmacy Benefit Managers
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1268/
- Medicare: Selected Prescription Drug Proposals
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1051/
- Medicare: Side-by-Side Comparison of Selected Prescription Drug Bills
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1050/
- Increases in Tricare Costs: Background and Options for Congress
- In its FY2007, FY2008, and FY2009 budget submissions, the Department of Defense (DOD) proposed increases in Tricare enrollment fees, deductibles, and pharmacy co-payments for retired beneficiaries not yet eligible for Medicare. In passing the FY2009 National Defense Authorization Act, Congress included measures establishing demonstration projects intended to find ways to contain costs through increased use of preventive care services by TRICARE beneficiaries. The scope of these measures are limited. Defense health care spending will likely remain an issue for the DOD in the next Administration, and Congress can anticipate being asked to consider new proposals to constrain costs. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10667/
- Increases in Tricare Costs: Background and Options for Congress
- In its FY2007, FY2008, and FY2009 budget submissions, the Department of Defense (DOD) proposed increases in Tricare enrollment fees, deductibles, and pharmacy co-payments for retired beneficiaries not yet eligible for Medicare. In passing the FY2009 National Defense Authorization Act, Congress included measures establishing demonstration projects intended to find ways to contain costs through increased use of preventive care services by TRICARE beneficiaries. The scope of these measures are limited. Defense health care spending will likely remain an issue for the DOD in the next Administration, and Congress can anticipate being asked to consider new proposals to constrain costs. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10665/
- Increases in Tricare Costs: Background and Options for Congress
- In its FY2007, FY2008, and FY2009 budget submissions, the Department of Defense (DOD) proposed increases in Tricare enrollment fees, deductibles, and pharmacy co-payments for retired beneficiaries not yet eligible for Medicare. In passing the FY2009 National Defense Authorization Act, Congress included measures establishing demonstration projects intended to find ways to contain costs through increased use of preventive care services by TRICARE beneficiaries. The scope of these measures are limited. Defense health care spending will likely remain an issue for the DOD in the next Administration, and Congress can anticipate being asked to consider new proposals to constrain costs. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10664/
- Civil Service Retirement Bills in the 106th Congress
- Among the civil service retirement issues addressed in bills introduced thus far in the 106th Congress are the correction of retirement coverage errors for federal employees assigned to the wrong retirement system; immediate eligibility for federal employees to participate in the Thrift Savings Plan (TSP); improved portability of pension benefits; and repeal of the temporary increase in employee retirement contributions that was mandated by the Balanced Budget Act of 1997. Other bills would expand TSP eligibility to include members of the armed services; improve pension coverage for temporary and part-time federal employees; and designate several categories of federal employees as law enforcement officers for purposes of determining their retirement benefits. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1241/
- The Cost of Prescription Drugs for the Uninsured Elderly and Legislative Approaches
- The purpose of this report is to explain why many of those who are least able to afford high drug costs are those who are most frequently charged the most. This report describes the basic economic theory underlying price differentiation and, in the context of the pharmaceutical market, analyzes the role and behavior of pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs), pharmaceutical manufacturers, and retail pharmacies, respectively. It also looks at a number of the criticisms that have been made of the practice of differential pricing. Finally, this report discusses various policy approaches aimed at assisting the elderly to purchase prescription drugs. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs1520/
- Medicare Endorsed Prescription Drug Discount Card Program
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6119/
- Medicare: Physician Payments
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8886/
- Medicare/Medicaid Reimbursement: Selected References
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8868/
- Standardized Choices: Medigap Lessons for Medicare Part D
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9264/
- Social Security and Medicare Taxes and Premiums: Fact Sheet
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3367/
- Medicare+Choice Payments
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs3697/
- Medicare: Payments to HMOs and Other Private Plans Under the Medicare+Choice Program
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs372/
- Nursing Homes and the Congress: A Brief History of Developments and Issues
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8392/
- Medicare: Payments to Physicians
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs503/
- Medicare+Choice Payments
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2080/
- Prescription Drug Coverage Under Medicaid
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7496/
- Social Security and Medicare Taxes and Premiums: Fact Sheet
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5302/
- The Pros and Cons of Allowing the Federal Government to Negotiate Prescription Drug Prices
- No Description digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7743/
- Social Security: Raising the Retirement Age Background and Issues
- The Social Security "full retirement age" will gradually rise from 65 to 67 beginning with people who attain age 62 in 2000 (i.e., those born in 1938). Early retirement benefits will still be available beginning at age 62, but at lower levels. To help solve Social Security's long-range financing problems, it has been proposed that these ages be raised further. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26050/