Congressional Research Service Reports - 78 Matching Results

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Philippines: Briefing Paper

Description: Political Situation. The Philippines gained independence in 1946 following the end of the Japanese occupation in World War II. President Ramon Magsaysay defeated the communist-inspired Huk Rebellion (1946-1953) and began efforts at land reform. Following Magsaysay's death in 1957, President Carlos P. Garcia (1957-1961) adopted a policy of economic nationalism and President Diosdado Macapagal (1961-1965) pursued economic reforms.
Date: May 3, 1995
Creator: Niksch, Larry A. & Cerniello, Craig
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Mongolia: Briefing Paper

Description: Mongolia is undergoing a fragile political and economic transition from Communist rule to a post-1990 parliamentary democracy under new constitutional rules adopted in 1992. After decades of heavy dependency on the former Soviet Union, Mongolia is seeking to broaden its foreign contact and trade.
Date: May 30, 1995
Creator: Shinn, Rinn-Sup
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Japan's Politics and Government in Transition

Description: Japan's politics and government are undergoing a historic transition. The 38-year one-party rule of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) came to an end on July 18, 1993, when the party was voted out of power, even as it remained the single largest party in the lower house of Japan's bicameral Diet, or parliament. Seven non-communist parties, with little in common save their shared interest in dethroning the LDP, formed a shaky coalition.
Date: January 21, 1994
Creator: Shinn, Rinn-Sup
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Japan's Uncertain Political Transition

Description: Japan's current political instability began in July 1993, when the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) -- in power since 1955 - was voted out and replaced by a fragile multiparty coalition government under Prime Minister Morihiro Hosokawa. The new government faced turmoil in April 1994, when Hosokawa suddenly resigned amid a personal financial scandal. Then-deputy prime minister/foreign minister Tsutomu Hata succeeded, but only at the head of a minority government after the Socialist party, a key co… more
Date: July 29, 1994
Creator: Shinn, Rinn-Sup
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Japan's Uncertain Political Transition

Description: Japan's current political instability began in July 1993, when the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) -- in power since 1955 -- was voted out and replaced by a fragile multiparty coalition government under Prime Minister Morihiro Hosokawa. The new government faced turmoil in April 1994, when Hosokawa suddenly resigned amid a personal financial scandal. Then-deputy prime minister/foreign minister Tsutomu Hata succeeded, but only at the head of a minority government after the Socialist party, a key c… more
Date: September 19, 1994
Creator: Shinn, Rinn-Sup
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Japan's Uncertain Political Transition

Description: Japan's uncertain political transition began in July 1993, when the conservative Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) -- in power since 1955 -- was replaced by a fragile multiparty coalition. Under Prime Minister Morihiro Hosokawa, the coalition faced turmoil in April 1994, when Hosokawa resigned abruptly amid a personal financial scandal. Then-deputy prime minister/foreign minister Tsutomu Hata succeeded, but only at the head of a minority government as the Social Democratic Party (SDP), a key coa… more
Date: October 31, 1995
Creator: Shinn, Rinn-Sup
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Japan's Uncertain Political Transition

Description: Japan's political uncertainty continues as it has since July 1993, when the conservative Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) -- in power since 1955 -- was replaced by a fragile multiparty coalition. Under Prime Minister Morihiro Hosokawa, the coalition faced turmoil in April 1994, when he resigned amid a personal financial scandal. Then-deputy prime minister/foreign minister Tsutomu Hata succeeded, but only at the head of a minority government as the Social Democratic Party (SDP), a key coalition pa… more
Date: October 31, 1996
Creator: Shinn, Rinn-Sup
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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North Korea After Kim Il Sung

Description: Kim Il Sung died on July 8, 1994, the only leader North Korea had since its founding in 1948. His death raises several questions about future stability and the strong U.S. interests on the Korean Peninsula.
Date: July 20, 1994
Creator: Shinn, Rinn-Sup & Sutter, Robert G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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July 1992 Japanese Elections

Description: Elections for half of the 252 seats of the upper house of Japan's Diet (parliament) will be held in late July 1992. The ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) appears unlikely to regain the majority it lost in the previous upper house election in July 1989. It appears that continued, but sometimes difficult, cooperation between the LDP and some of the smaller opposition parties is one likely result of the 1992 election. On the other hand, there is a possibility that significant political … more
Date: June 5, 1992
Creator: Young, Jeffrey D
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Russian Financial Crisis: An Analysis of Trends, Causes, and Implications

Description: Since May of 1998, Russia has been caught in the latest, and likely the most serious, in a series of economic crises. The crisis came to a head on August 17, 1998, when the government of then-Premier Sergei Kiriyenko abandoned its defense of a strong ruble exchange rate against the dollar, defaulted on government domestic debt forcing its restructuring, and placed a 90-day moratorium on commercial external debt payments. Those actions led to Yeltsin's dismissal of Kiriyenko on August 23, replac… more
Date: February 18, 1999
Creator: Cooper, William H.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Background to the Overthrow of President Aristide

Description: This report provides background information on the violent and authoritarian traditions that have characterized Haiti's political dynamics since Haiti attained independence in 1804. It examines Haiti's difficult path toward democracy after the fall of the Duvalier regime, from numerous short-lived governments until the election of Aristide. Finally, the report also surveys Aristide's rule and his subsequent overthrow by the Haitian military.
Date: October 22, 1993
Creator: Taft-Morales, Maureen
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Bosnian Muslim-Croat Federation: Key to Peace in Bosnia?

Description: The Federation of Bosnia and Hercegovina was established in March 1994, with U.S. mediation. It aims to unite areas held by the largely Bosniak (Muslim) pre-war republic government with areas held by Croats. The Bosnian peace agreement, signed in Dayton in November 1995, recognized the Federation and the Bosnian Serb Republika Srpska as two largely autonomous entities within a weak, but sovereign Bosnia and Hercegovina union. Real political, economic and military integration of Bosniak and Croa… more
Date: June 26, 1998
Creator: Woehrel, Steven
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Impeachment Grounds: Part I: Pre-Constitutional Convention Materials

Description: This report is a collection of selected background materials pertinent to the issue of what constitutes impeachable misconduct for purposes of Article II, section 4 of the United States Constitution quoted below. It includes excerpts from Blackstone, Wooddeson, and the impeachment clauses in pre-Constitutional Convention state constitutions.
Date: October 30, 1998
Creator: Doyle, Charles
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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China's Prospects After Tiananmen Square: Current Conditions, Future Scenarios, and a Survey of Expert Opinion

Description: Since the violent military crackdown around Tiananmen Square, most Western observers have struggled to understand and explain three major questions concerning the Chinese situation: first, why a forward-looking and reform-minded Chinese leadership chose such violent force over a more accommodating approach toward the peaceful public protests of June 1989; second, how to assess current political and economic conditions in China in light of Tiananmen Square; and third, what the events of the last… more
Date: January 15, 1991
Creator: Dumbaugh, Kerry; Kan, Shirley A. & Sutter, Robert G.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Basic Questions on U.S. Citizenship and Naturalization

Description: U.S. citizenship is conferred at birth under the principle of jus soli (nationality of place of birth) and the principle of jus sanguinis (nationality of parents). The U.S. Constitution states as a fundamental rule of jus soli citizenship that "all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside." The exceptions to universal citizenship comprehended by the requirement that a person … more
Date: March 3, 1992
Creator: Eig, Larry M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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China's Changing Conditions: Possible Implications for US Interests

Description: This report discusses possible outcomes and implications for U.S. interests vary. For example, increasingly effective political administration and reform with continued successful economic modernization would be generally compatible with U.S. interests in greater economic opportunity, foreign policy cooperation, and political liberalization in China. Alternatively, Chinese administration, economic vitality, and internal cohesion could degenerate, limiting U.S. economic opportunities, challengin… more
Date: June 22, 1998
Creator: Sutter, Robert G.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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China's Changing Conditions

Description: Congressional interest in the leadership change and economic transformation underway in China has grown substantially over the past few years. Leading congressional concerns focus on how economic conditions in China pose opportunities for U.S. enterprise and how the evolution of conditions in China fosters U.S. security, economic, and political interests. Congressional concern with China grew in 1995 and 1996 as a result of reports of the serious decline in the health of senior Chinese leader D… more
Date: December 11, 1996
Creator: Sutter, Robert G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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China's Changing Conditions

Description: This report discusses congressional interest in the leadership change and economic transformation underway in China, which has grown substantially over the past two years. Leading congressional concerns focus on how economic conditions in China pose opportunities for U.S. enterprise and how the evolution of conditions in China foster U.S. security, economic, and political interests. Congressional concern with China grew in 1995 as a result of reports of the serious decline in the health of seni… more
Date: May 11, 1995
Creator: Sutter, Robert G.; Kan, Shirley A. & Dumbaugh, Kerry
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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