Attitudes of International Music Students from East Asia toward U.S. Higher Education Institutions Page: 12
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from their own funds and funds from their family (61.5%), followed by financial aid from
U.S. colleges and universities (26.1%). Hence, international students have been found to
bring their personal funds to the United States. This is one way that international
students in U.S. higher education institutions have contributed to the U.S. economy.
U.S. Policy and International Students
Abel (2002) stated, "As an international student, you may not realize that
American education differs significantly from the education you are accustomed to..." (p.
13). Indeed, U.S. higher education institutions may have different policies from other
countries. Manning, Willingham, and Breland (1977) indicated that it was important to
have standard admission policies for colleges and universities so as "to build academic
and social communities" (p. 11) and try to select the most qualified students regardless of
international or non-international student status. To select the most qualified students,
U.S. colleges and universities have often set a standard admission policy (Hicks, & Shere,
2003; Litten, Sullivan, & Brodigan, 1983; Manning, Willingham, & Breland, 1977).
Based on the standard admission policy, U.S. institutions of higher education have
attempted to review the level of scholarship, experience, and knowledge of entering
students (Holley, 2006; Walker, 2008). General admission criteria have included grades
of prior schools (GPA), test scores (usually SAT and GRE), special academic interests
and abilities (including honors and awards), and special experiences (including
performing arts and community services) (Manning, Willingham, & Breland, 1977;
Mattson, 2007; U.S. News & World Report, 2008; Walker, 2008).
Regarding admission of international students to U.S. higher education
institutions, Abel and Sementelli (2002) noted "the three basic requirements for12
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Choi, Jin Ho. Attitudes of International Music Students from East Asia toward U.S. Higher Education Institutions, dissertation, May 2009; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9856/m1/19/: accessed March 29, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .