Heat treating and inspection of metals Page: 23
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TM 1-423
HEAT TREATING AND INSPECTION OF METALS 12-15
b. Hardening.-The hardening temperature for this steel is from
1,5250 to 1,575 F. The steel should be placed in the furnace and
gradually brought to the hardening heat. Parts exceeding 3/ inch in
thickness must be quenched in water, while all thinner sections may be
quenched in a light oil, to avoid cracks due to contraction.
c. Tempering.-Medium carbon steel may be tempered by gradual
reheating as required, until a temperature of 400 to 800 F. is reached.
After holding the parts at this heat for a minimum of 45 minutes, they
should be removed from the furnace and allowed to cool in still air.
By proper tempering, an ultimate strength of approximately 100,000
pounds per square inch may be obtained.
13. Medium carbon steel (SAE 1045).-This grade of steel is
treated in a manner similar to that employed for 1035 steel. Due to
the higher carbon content however, the temperatures are somewhat
different.
a. Annealing.-The annealing temperature range for this steel is
between 1,475 and 1,650 F. while treatment is identical with that
prescribed for 1035 steel.
b. Hardening.-The hardening temperature for this steel is from
1,4750 to 1,5250 F., and the hardening operation is performed in the
same manner as described for 1035 steel.
c. Tempering.-This grade of steel is tempered at 4000 to 9500 F.
as required, and cooled in still air. An ultimate tensile strength of ap-
proximately 110,000 pounds per square inch may be obtained by proper
tempering.
14. High carbon steel (SAE 1095).-High carbon steel is used
chiefly for hand and machine tools.
a. Annealing.-The annealing and normalizing temperature for
high carbon steel is from 1,4750 to 1,5500 F. The procedure is simi-
lar to that employed for the other carbon steels and cooling should be
accomplished in still air.
b. Hardening.-Maximum hardness is obtained by heating to a
temperature of between 1,400 and 1,450 F., followed by a water
quench. Due to the extreme brittleness resulting from this procedure,
structural parts and springs should be hardened by heating to a
temperature of from 1,500 to 1,550 F., and quenched in oil.
c. Tempering.-The stresses set up by quenching from the harden-
ing temperature may be removed by tempering at 4500 to 8000 F.
The maximum strength obtainable by tempering may be as high as
220,000 pounds per square inch.
15. Nicllel steel (SAE 2330).-Nickel steel is intended for heat-
treated parts such as bolts, nuts, etc., where considerable strength and
toughness is desired.
23
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United States. War Department. Heat treating and inspection of metals, book, September 10, 1941; Washington D.C.. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc96657/m1/25/?rotate=270: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.