France and the United States: Borrowed and Shared National Symbols Page: 23
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adoption as a national anthem? In order to decide which message holds more
importance, we must, once again, look to the past in order to view each anthem's
evolution from the beginning.
History of "La Marseillaise"
The Revolution of 1789 saw the emergence of many popular songs that
were written spontaneously about the various situations in which the authors
found themselves. Such songs were called "vaudevires" or "vaudevilles," and
were considered to be profane, often describing events and social conditions of
the time (Dufourg 24). It is from this tradition of spontaneous songwriting that "La
Marseillaise" (originally entitled, "Le Chant de guerre pour I'armee du Rhin") was
born (Ibid.).
The French national anthem was written during the Revolution, after the
fall of the French monarchy, when the European armies (Prussians and
Austrians, in particular) came to stamp out the French Revolution.
La guerre a et6 d6clar6e par la France revolutionnaire au "Roi de
Boheme et de Hongrie" le 20 avril 1792: le "Chant de guerre pour
I'armee du Rhin" . . . a et6 compose a Strasbourg dans la nuit du 25 au
26 avril, par Joseph Rouget de Lisle, capitaine du g6nie, soit au
lendemain ou presque de I'annonce de cette decision dans la ville de
garnison: r6ponse sans 6quivoque d'un patriotisme ombrageux et
militaire a la sollicitation du moment (Nora 108). 3
3 "Revolutionary France declared war on the "King of Bohemia and Hungary" on
April 20, 1792: the "Chant de Guerre pour I'Armee du Rhin"...was composed in
Strasbourg during the night between April 25th and 26th, by Joseph Rouget de Lisle
Captain of the Corps of Engineers, around a day after this decision was announced
in the city: it was an unparalleled response of volatile and military patriotism as was
demanded by the moment" (Author's transl.).23
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Crawford, Katlyn Marie. France and the United States: Borrowed and Shared National Symbols, thesis, May 2011; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc67971/m1/27/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .