Natural Gas Manual for the Home Page: 26
30 p. : ill., map ; 23 cm.View a full description of this report.
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NATURAL-GAS MANUAL FOR THE HOME.
Many ordinary hot-water tanks with ring burners underneath are
still in use. These are usually inefficient and likely to produce poi-
sonous and disagreeable gases. However, if such a heater is covered
with a sheet-iron jacket, as shown in. Figure 8, its efficiency is in-
creased and the products of combustion are carried away. The in-
side diameter of the jacket should be about 2 inches larger than the
outside diameter of the tank, leaving an annular space of about 1
inch through which the products of combustion pass to the flue. The
jacket should extend below the burner, and be fitted with a bottom
having shutters to regulate the supply of air. These shutters should
be adjusted to admit just enough air to complete the combustion.
Provision must, of course, be made for lighting and observing the
flames. When a tank is covered in this way, the gases from the flames
are conducted to the. flue through the annular space around the tank
instead of escaping into the room, and the heat transfer to the water
is greatly increased. If the jacket is covered with insulating material
(see Fig. 8), radiation is prevented and the heater is made still more
efficient. When the flame is extinguished, the air shutters in the bot-
tom of the jacket should be closed to prevent cooling of the stored
water by currents of air passing through the annular space.
When water heaters are operated attention should be given to the
following :
1. The burners and mixers should be clean and adjusted to give
short blue flames. If the flames are long, so that the inner pale-bl ue
parts are cooled by impinging upon the heating surfaces, the com-
bustion is incomplete, and objectionable gases are produced.
2. In instantaneous heaters the flames should be as low as is con-
sistent with rapid service at the faucets. Pilot lights may be yellow,
but should be turned low, so that they do not deposit soot.
3. Soot on heating surfaces will prevent transfer of heat. Heating
surfaces should be kept clean, and if soot is deposited the cause should
be found and corrected.
4. Scale or sediment inside of heating surfaces will also prevent
transfer of heat. Heaters should be drained frequently.
COOKING.
The following suggestions are presented to help consumers use gas
efficiently in cooking:
1. The burners should be clean and adjusted to give short blue
flames; yellow flames deposit soot.
2. If the tips of the flames are below the cooking utensil, the trans-
fer of heat is not efficient. If the utensil is placed low on the flames.
so that it touches the pale-blue parts. poisonous gases are produced.
The best results are obtained when the outer parts of the flames touch
the utensil and spread out slightly.26
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Cattell, R. A. Natural Gas Manual for the Home, report, 1922; Washington D.C.. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc66394/m1/32/: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.