American foulbrood of honey bees : how to control it. Page: 1
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AMERICAN FOULBROOD
OF HONEY BEESHow
To Control It
BH A. S. MICHA 1, baictcriolof/is,
/Io11//olooIy!// I c i'.c'hi'i ( /I 'q1n //h, ! /r'icullf l 'rql Hl?'s1 ' cs'cX c rh ,S if'cc'
A EI ICAN FoU1[TI, I1001) is a disease of the bioodl of bees which causes
seriolls losses to I)beeleelels. It dlestroys large nlllnbers of
colonlies al(l inclealses tlie cost of apiary ol)eration. The presence of
tlle disease ill or near an aliariy (cal cause sucli mental anxiety to
some beekeel)ers that it call l)n l'evet them from succeeding in the bee
iin(dnstriyV.
Amle;rican foulbiood is worldwide in its distribution and is widespI)read
in the United States. All races of honey bees are susceptible.
Worker larvae are particularly susceptible, but queen and drone larvae
are also atiected occasionally. Adult bees are immune to it.
CAUSE OF THE DISEASE
American foulbrood is caused by a germ known as Bacilhlu larvae.
The living lolley bee larva is the only known host of this germ. Bacil7lus
laira(e occurs in two forms, a vegetative form and a spore form.
The disease is tranlslitted primarily by means of the spore form.
These spores maly come in contact with larvae of any age, but they
are able to germinate a(nd start growing only in larvae not more than
about 2 days old. Tlhe larvae rarely die until they have developed
to tlie point where tley are capped over and lie lengthwise in their
cells. However, occasionally a larva dies while it is still in the coiled
stage.
In atteml)tilg to remove tle diseased brood, the bees that work
within thle hive become contaminated with these spores and, acting
as carriers, spread tliem from cell to cell. In doing such tasks as feeding
the larvae, building cells, ripening nectar, and transferring honey
from one part of the hive to another, these bees can contamiinate not
only the honey that is in the brood nest, but also that in the supers.
After the disease has spread throughout the brood nest, dead brood
increases faster tllha tlie bees can remove it, the colony gradually
becomes weaker, and eventually dies because there are not enough
emerging bees to carry on the colony.
18!98-54 1
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Michael, A. S. (Albert Sylvester), 1910-. American foulbrood of honey bees : how to control it., book, September 1954; Washington D.C.. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5858/m1/3/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.