Geology as a Georegional Influence on Quercus Fagaceae Distribution in Denton and Coke Counties of Central and North Central Texas and Choctaw County of Southeastern Oklahoma, Using GIS as an Analytical Tool. Page: 13
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Fenneman (1938) drew on Gould's work when constructing natural divisions for North
America. Starting in 1913 the Association of American Geographers devoted itself to
developing a scheme of natural divisions for the United States. At the same time, the
Forestry Bureau, the division of Pomology (United States Department of Agriculture)
and some state geologists and geographers contacted the United States Geological
Survey (USGS) demanding that natural boundaries be described for educational and
economic work. A committee headed by N. M. Fenneman produced a map of the United
States in 1916, showing division on three orders: major divisions, provinces, and
sections. The broadest black lines separate the major divisions, numbers distinguish
provinces, and letters indicated sections (Figure 2.4). Criteria of the divisions were not
limited to natural, lithographic or physiographic boundaries, but incorporated dominant
elements of nature with respect to each division. Structure, process and stage played
integral parts in the division process. Physiographic divisions of the United States may
be explained as constructive and destructive events affecting both large and small
areas (Fenneman, 1922).
Winton (1925) built on R. T. Hill's work and described the geology, physiography,
economic geology, paleontology, micrology and vegetation of Denton County, and
acknowledged a remarkable 'coincidence' between the soils and the geology in the
Denton area. Included in this classic monograph is the statement that the Woodbine
and Pawpaw formations are usually wooded with blackjack and scrub oaks while the
Fort Worth formation is usually treeless. Table 2.1 was constructed from information
taken from Winton (1925) and shows relations between formations, common fossils,
lithology, thickness and some woody vegetation.13
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Maxey, George F. Geology as a Georegional Influence on Quercus Fagaceae Distribution in Denton and Coke Counties of Central and North Central Texas and Choctaw County of Southeastern Oklahoma, Using GIS as an Analytical Tool., dissertation, December 2007; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5144/m1/23/: accessed March 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .