Experiment Station Record, Volume 92, January-June, 1945 Page: 278
xiii, 1010 p. ; 24 cm.View a full description of this book.
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278 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD [Vol. 92
after the war to be not unlikely, since a 20 billion dollar estimate for the replacement
cost for structures in present need of replacement is believed conservative.
Unsuitable or inadequate buildings frequently result from use of designs prepared
for specific situations and materials but used indiscriminately with other materials
and in situations for which the plan was not intended; obsolete plans are still available
or are made so by the copying of obsolete structures; while to meet this need
for skilled guidance of the farm construction program only about one agricultural
engineer per State is employed on farm building research by the experiment stations
in the North-Central region, and in the United States as a whole there is less than
one public service worker per State trained in farm structures. The number of
farm structures specialists in the industrial field is considered to be small in comparison
to the need and to the potential farm market. The farm building needs
especially emphasized are (1) a better understanding of the relationship of buildings
to agricultural production and (2) more engineering and architectural design,
basic research, and educational aid to achieve the objectives of economy, fitness,
appearance, and efficiency, and to provide a reasonably adequate service to the
farmer.
[Radiant energy drying] (Idaho Sta. Bul. 255 (1944), pp. 23-24).-A 500-lb.
raw product capacity dehydrator was designed and built for the use of a 10-kw.-hr.
unit consisting of two banks of R-40 drying lamps. Air circulation was obtained
by using a '-hp. motor and fan. A number of small experimental home dehydrators
were built. Heating units used included standard brooder kits, heat lamps,
standard Mazda lamps, and iron-wire elements.
[Potato dehydration investigations] (Idaho Sta. Bul. 255 (1944), p. 23).Among
other numerical data here assembled are the facts that, on the basis of an
8-month operating season, from 8,000 to 10,000 carloads of potatoes per year will
be required by the dehydration industry of Idaho; and that two typical plants
operating on a raw product input of 70,000 and 85,000 lb. of potatoes daily showed
a kilowatt-hour requirement of 2.08 per 100 lb. and 1.06 per 100 lb., respectively
for the over-all plant use.
[New storages for increased potato crops] (Idaho Sta. Bul. 255 (1944), p.
24).-The majority of the new storages were of the underground or cellar type
with a total capacity of 9,600 cars. Storages built in connection with some of the
dehydration plants were of the above-ground type, however (capacity, 1,400; cars).
The improvement in trackside and farm storage facilities aided greatly the handling
of the 1943 crop, which was the largest in the history of the State. In a field trial
of the methods of waterproofing earth-covered storages with the use of bentonite
and layers of mildew-proof paper, the techniques for these waterproofing materials
included the use of drainage layers between the earth covering and the waterproofed
section.
The loss of moisture and shriveling in apples in storage, D. COMIN, W. JUNNILA,
and C. W. ELLENWOOD (Ohio Sta. Bimo. Bul. 230 (1944), pp. 246-251).A
blower-cooled storage showed less shriveling of apples, as indicated by moisture
loss by weighing and by observation of the fruits through the storage period, provided
that a relative humidity of from 85 to 90 percent was maintained, than did
a storage with gravity air movement only. The air velocity throughout most of
the storage equipped with forced-air or blower fans was of the order of 10 to 20
ft. per minute at from 7 to 12 ft. from the grille face and was usually much less
(from 0 to 10 f. p. m.) in most other parts of the storage. The transpiration of
apples was increased only slightly by air moving at velocities of from 400 to 900
f. p. m. when the relative humidity was maintained at a high level.
The fruit kept somewhat better in the center of the stacks than on the floor or
on the top layer of the stacks, a result attributed to the higher relative humidity
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U.S. Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Research Administration. Office of Experiment Stations. Experiment Station Record, Volume 92, January-June, 1945, book, 1947; Washington D.C.. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5064/m1/291/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.